acte, m, act, action, deed
adieu, m. farewell.
admettre, to admit; take on.
administrateur, m. civil serv> ant.
administrati-f, -ve, of the Civil Service.
administration, /. administration. Civil Service; Civil Authorities; Bureau; — des forêts, Department of Forest-
ry.
admiratetu", m. admirer.
admirer, to admire.
adorer, to adore, worship.
VOCABULARY
adoucir, to soften.
adresse, /. address; à V — de, addressed to.
adresser, s* — à, to address.
adulation, /. adulation, gross flattery.
adversaire, m, adversary.
affaiblir, to weaken.
affaiblissement, m. weakness.
affaire, /. affair, (business) deal; — s, business.
affaissé, sinking, low, weak.
affecter {military term), to attach, assign.
affectueu-z, -se, affectionate.
affermir, to establish.
affiche, /. poster.
afficher, to placard, dîsplay, proclaim.
affinité, /. affinîty, simîlarity of tas te, etc., sympa thy.
affirmati-f, -ve, positive.
affirmation, /. affirmation, déclaration (of principle).
affirmativement, in the affirmative.
affirmer, to establish, confirm.
affront, m. insuit. [that.
afin de, afin que, in order to,
âge, m, âge, time, time of life; de mon — , befitting my time of life.
âgé, old, aged.
agenouillé, on (one's) knees.
agenouiller (s'), to kneel down.
agent, m, officer; — de surveillance, détective.
aggraver, to aggravate, make worse; s' — , grow worse.
agile, agile, quick of movement.
agir, to act, work ; — d'après ..., act upon ...; bien — , pursue a lofty Une of conduct; il s'agit de, the question is ..., the matter in hand îs ...
agiter, s' — , to move, wave, sway, (of leaves) rustle.
agrandir, to enlarge, magnify,
ennoble.
agrandissement, m. enlarging.
aguerri, seasoned (to war).
aider, to help.
aletd, m. grandfather.
aigle, m, eagle.
aigu, -ë, acute, sharp, thin,
drawn, high, piercing, shrill.
aiguille, /. needle.
aile,/, wing.
ailleurs, elsewhere; d* — , from
elsewhere; moreover.
aimable, amiable, kind.
aimer, to love, like.
ainé^ elder, eldest.
ainsi, thus, for instance; that
way; — que, as well as, as
also.
air, m. air; appearance; en
V — , up in the air, upwards,
above, in mid-air; avoir 1' — ,
to seem, appear; avoir grand
— , to look very distin-
guished.
aise, /. ease, pleasure; à votre
— ! As you pleasel Go
ahead!
aisément, easîly, readily.
ajourner, to defer, put off.
ajouter, to add.
alangui, languîd. alerte, quick, brisk.
algue./, seaweed.
aligne, lined up.
aligner, to arrange, draw up
in a line or Unes.
allée, /. walk, lane, avenue;
— s et venues, movements to
and fro.
allègrement, with quick, joy-
fui step.
Allemagne,/. Germany.
allemand, German.
aller, to go, be going to; s'en
— , go away, out; s'en —
... — ant, go about ... — îng;
— droit, go straight, toe the
VOCABULARY
scratch; nous irions plus loin
(p. 104), the mat ter should
not rest there; be (in health), allez! y ou may be sure!
Allons! Comel — donc! Non-
sense!
allumer, to lîght.
allure,/, gait. alors, then.
alsacien, m, Alsatian dialect.
alsacien, -ne, Alsatian.
amas, m. heap, mass.
âme, /. soûl; — qui vive^ a
living soûl, améliorer, s' — , to improve.
amener, to bring.
amertume, /. bitterness.
améthyste,/, amethyst {violet-
colored precious stone).
ami, friendly; m. friend.
amical, friendly.
amicalement, in a friendly way.
amitié,/, friendship.
amonceler, to heap up, pile up.
amour, m. love, amoureux, m. lover, amour-propre, m. (personal)
pride.
amusant, amusing, entertain-
ing, 'lots of fun.' amuser, to amuse, entertain.
an, m. year; avoir ... — s, to
be ... year s old.
ancien, m. old man; les — s,
their elders.
ancien, -ne, old-time, old,
former, late.
anéanti, annihilated, destroyed,
dead.
anglais, English.
angle, m. angle; à — droit,
at right angles.
angoisse, /. anguish, dread. angoissé, in anguish.
animer, to quîcken; s' — , grow
excited.
animosité, /. animosity, hos-
tility, enmity.
année,/, year, year's work, etc.
annexer, to annex (terriiory).
annexion, /. annexation (hère,
of Alsace and part of Lorraine
to Germany, See Introduction).
annoncer, to announce.
anormal, abnormal, extraordi-
nary.
antifrançais, anti-French, op-
posed to the French.
antipathie,/, antipathy.
antique, aged.
anxieu-x, -se, anxious.
août, m. August.
apaiser, to appease.
apercevoir, to catch sight, A
glimpse, of ; see, realize; s'—
de, notice, aperçu—, see apercevoir, aplanir, to smooth down or ovet.
apparaître, to appear.
apparence, /. outward appear^
ance, semblance.
apparition, /. coming in sightj
figure.
appartement, m, apartment,
room.
appartenir, to belong.
appel, m. call, summons.
appeler, to call, call upotl;
s' — , be named.
appesanti, heavy.
apporter, to bring; faire • — ^
order.
appréciation, /. comment, apprendre, to leam; teach.
apprenti, m. apprentice.
apprentissage, m. apprentice-
ship; faire son — , to serve
one's apprenticeship.
appri — , see apprendre, approbation, /. approval. [up.
approcher, s' — , to draw near dr approuver, to approve.
appui, m. support; mur à
hauteur d* — , low wall (that
y ou can lean on).
VOCABULARY
appuyer, to lean, press, rest, support; — sur, stress (words),
après, after; d' — , according to.
après-demain, m. day after to-morrow.
après-midi, m. /. afternoon.
arbre, m, tree.
arbuste, m. sapling, shrub; — s, shrubbery.
archimillionnaire, multi-millionaîre. [ing.
ardent, ardent, glowing, flashardoise, /. slate.
argument, m, argument.
arme, /. arm, weapon.
armée, /. army.
arrêté, stopped; ôxed.
arrêter, s' — , to stop, stand still; s' — sur, rest upon.
arrière, en — , backward, behind.
arriéré, backward, behînd the times.
arrière-pensée, /. (mental) réservation.
arrivée, /. arrivai, retum.
arriver, to arrive, come back, get there.
articuler, to articula te.
artillerie,/, artillery; — à pied, foot artillery.
artiste, m, artist.
ascension, /. ascent.
aspirer, to suck in, draw.
assentiment, m. consent.
asseoir, to seat; s* — , sit down.
assez, enough, pretty, rather.
assis, seated.
assieds, see asseoir.
assister à, to attend, be présent at or during.
assoupir, to make sleepy.
assouplissement, m. setting up (drill).
assturément, certaînly.
assurer, to make secure, settle, assure.
atmosphère, /, atmosphère, attacher, to attach, tie, ûx,
tether.
attaque,/. sei2ure.
attaquer, to attack.
attardé, belated.
atteign — , see atteindre, atteindre, to reach, strîke,
affect (cruelly).
atteint, suflering.
attendre, to wait for, expect
(a persan); s* — à, expect (a
tking), attendri, full of tendemess,
émotion, attenti-f, -ve (à), on the look-
out (for).
attention, /. attention; faire
—, to pay attention, notice,
remember.
attirer, to draw, attract.
attitude, /. attitude, behavior.
attrister, to sadden; s* — de,
grow sad at or over.
aube, /. dawn.
auberge, /. inn.
aucim, any, no; ne ... — , no.
audace, /. audacity.
audacieu-x, -se, bold.
au delà de, beyond.
au-dessous de, below.
au-dessus de, above.
augmenter, to increase.
aujourd'hui, to-day, now.
auprès de, near, with.
auquel, auxquels, etc. = à lequel, à lesquels, etc.
aussi, also, too; therefore, so,
and consequently.
aussitôt, immediately.
autant, as much; en faire — ,
to do the same.
auteur, m. author.
automne, m. autumn.
autoriser, to allow.
autoritaire, masterful.
autorité, /. authority, rule;
weight, influence.
VOCABULARY
autour de, around, about.
autre, other, différent; — chose, something, anythîng else; nous, vous — s, we, you (emphatic).
autrefois, fôrmerly; d'^, former, old, old time, of former days, of the olden times.
autrement, otherwise, differently; ne pouvoir faire — , to be unable to help it.
Autriche, /. Austrîa.
avance, /. advance (in kindnesSj réconciliation j etc.); à V — , în advance.
avancer, to advance.
avant, before; en — , forward, on ahead.
avantage, m, advantage, asset.
avant-dernier, last but one.
Ave, * Ave Maria ' (a prayer to the Virgin Mary. See Marie).
avec, with.
avenant, prepossessîng, attractive.
avenir, m, future; faire son — , to make one's life.
averse, /. shower.
avertir, to warn, give notice, notify, forewam.
avis, m. opinion, notice, waming; donner son — , to express an opinion; — de départ, marchîng orders.
avocat, m. barrister, lawyer.
avoine, /. oats.
avoir, to hâve; il y a, avait, eut, etc., there is, was, etc.
avoué, confessed, unconcealed.
avouer, to confess.
avril, m. April.
Baden-Baden, Baden (famous resort in the Grand- Duchy of the same name).
bagage, tn. baggage, things, traps.
baie, /. bay.
baigner, to bathe, flood.
baiser, m. kiss.
baiser, to kiss.
baissé, lowered, (of windowshades) drawn.
baisser, to lower, get lower; se — , bend down, crouch.
balayeur, sweeper. [place.
banal (tn. pi. banals), common-
banc, m. bench, seat, pew.
bande,/, strip.
barbare, m. barbarîan.
barbe, /. beard.
barbiche, /. small goatee, impérial (from the fact that thefashion was set by Napoléon ///, Emperor of the Frenchy 1852-1870).
barrière, /. fence, fence-gate.
bas, m. lower part, base, foot.
bas, Hse, low, lower; en — , below, down there; tout — , in a whisper, to oneself.
Basse-Alsace, /. Lower (or .
Northern) Alsace (the chief town of which is Strasburg).
bataille, /. battle.
batailleu-r, -se, pugnacious, quarrelsome.
bataillon, m. battalion; 'Formez vos bataillons', see Marseillaise.
batelier, m. boatmen; quai des — s (on the river III, in Strasburg).
bâtiment, m. building.
bâtir, to build.
battement, m. beat, beatîng, quiver.
baUre, to beat, thresh (wheat); se — , fight.
bavarder, to chatter, gossip.
bavarois, Bavarian.
Bavière, /. Bavaria (ICingdom of South Germany).
VOCABULARY
beau, belle, fine, handsome.
beaucoup, much, many; dearly.
beau-frère, m, brother-in-law.
beauté, /. beauty. bécassine, /. snîpe.
bêcheur, m. digger.
bel, belle, see beau, belle-fille, /. daughter-în-law.
belle-sœur, /. sîster-in-law.
bénir, to bless.
berlinois, in or of Berlin {cap{~
tal of Prussia and of Ger-
many).
besogne, /. work.
besoin, m. need, necessity.
bibliothèque, /. bookcase, li-
brary.
bien, m, good.
bien, well, right, goodl vouloir
— , net to mind; very;
— du, de la, des, much,
many; indeed; ou — , or
else; nice, kind.
bien-aimé, beloved.
bien que, although.
bientôt, soon.
bière, /. béer, billard, m. billiards.
billet, m. ticket, biseauté, bevelled.
Bismarck, the German 'Iron
Chancellor* who huUt up
United Germany (1871).
blftmer, to blâme.
blanc, -he, white, hoary.
blancheur, /. whiteness.
blanchir, to whiten; — à la
chaux, whitewash {lUerally:
whiten with lime), blé, m. wheat.
blême, deadly pale, blessé, m. wounded man.
blessure,/, wound.
bleu, blue; — de ciel, sky-blue.
bleuâtre, bluish.
bloc, m. block, mass.
blond, fair-haired, faîr, yel-
lowish.
Bohême, /. Bohemîa (northeast-
ern province of Austria- Hun-
^ary), bou'e, to drink, drink in.
bois, m. wood; sous — , in
the woods. [coting.
boiserie, /. woodwork, wainsbombe, /. shell.
bombé, bulging.
bon, -ne, good, kind, warm
(-hearted) ; à quoi — , what is
the use (of)?
bonheur, m. happîness, good
fortune, joy.
boniment, m. patter {i,e, talk
of a conjurer, etc.).
bonjour, good day.
Bonn, university town on the
Rhine.
bonnet, m, (soft) cap.
bonsoir, good night.
bord, m. edge, (river) bank. border, to border, edge, serve
as a border to, fringe.
bordure,/, border, edging.
borné, Umited {in intellect), bosquet, m. grove.
botte, /. boot.
botté, in top boots, bouche, /. mouth.
boufifée, /. puff (of smoke).
bouger, to budge, twitch.
bougie,/. (Tvax) candie.
bouleau, m. birch, birch tree.
bouquet, m. bunch, clump.
bourdonnement, m. buzzing,
hubbub.
bourg, m. village.
bourgeois, m. -se, /. plaîn
citizen, bourgeon, m. bud.
bourgogne, /». Burgundy (wîne).
bourrelet, m. weather strip.
bout, m. end, far end.
bouteille, /. bottle.
bouton, m. button, push, knob.
boxer, to box.
branche,/, branch.
VOCABULARY
turas, m. arm.
brave, brave; fine; — s gens,
good, honest people; sterling folk.
bravo! good for youl bravoure, /. bravery.
br-ef, -ève, short, brief.
bride, /. bridle; en — , by the
bridle.
brigadier, m. sergeant.
brise, /. breeze.
briser, to break, break off or
up.
broder, to embroider.
broncher, to stumble; ne pas
— , walk straight, toe the
scratch.
brosse, /. brush.
brosseur, m. (military) orderly.
brouillard, m. fog.
bruit, m. noise, report, brûler, to bum.
brume,/, mist.
brun, brown, dark, of dark
wood.
brusquement, roughly, sudden-
ly.
brute, /. beast.
bruyant, noisy, boisterous.
bruyère,/, heather.
bûcheron, m, wood-cutter.
buisson, m. bush.
bureau, m. desk, writing-table,
office.
bureaucrate, m. (office) boss. buste, m. bust, upper part of
the body , head and shoulders.
but (pronounce : butte) , m. goal,
end, object.
butter, to stumble.
buv — , see boire.
ça = cela (from ce-là), that.
çà et là, hère and there.
cabane, /. cabin, but; — de planches, wooden shanty.
cabinet, m. small room; —
de travail, library, study,
office.
cacher, se — , to hide. [café.
café, m. coffee; cofîee-house, caille, /. quail.
calme, calm, still.
calmer, to calm, eoothe, flatter, calomnier, to slander.
camarade, m. comrade, friend.
cambrer, to bend back, throw
back.
campagnard, rural, campagne, /. (open) country,
coimtryside, fields ; cam-
paign; en — -, in war time.
canapé, m. sofa, candidat, m. (à), a candidate
(for), running for.
candidature, /. candidature
(running for élection), canne, /. cane, walking-stick.
canon, m. cannon.
capable, able; — de, open to.
capitaine, m. captain.
capital, vital.
car, for ( = because).
carabine, /. carbine, rifle.
caractère, m, nature, character.
caresser, to caress, pat.
carré, square.
carrière, /. career; quarry.
carrossable, fit for carnages.
carte, /. map; — d'Etat-
Major, ordnance map (mode
by government).
cas, w. case; en tout — , in
any case, anyhow.
caserne, /. barracks.
casque, m. helmet.
casquette, /. cap.
cathédrale, /. cathedral.
Caucase, m. the Caucasus
Mountains (in south ofEurO'
pean Russia, between the
Black and Cas pian seas).
cause, /. case, cause; en — ,
concerned.
VOCABULARY
causer, to cause, bring; chat, causerie,/, chat, talk.
cavalerie, /. cavalry.
cavalier, m, horseman, rider,
cavalryman.
ce, cet, cette, ces, this, that;
c'est que, that is because,
the reason is; but then;
c'est à dire, that is to say,
I mean.
céder, to jâeld.
célèbre, celebrated, famous.
celle, see celui, celui, celle; the one, he, she,
etc.; ci, the latter; —
-là, the former, cent, one hundred.
cep, m. vine-stock.
cépée, /. young trees.
cependant, however, neverthe-
less; meanwhile.
cercle, m. circle. [ous.
cérémonieu-z, -se, ceremonicerisier, m. cherry tree.
certain, certain, sure, certitude, /. certainty.
ces, thèse, those.
cesse; sans — , constantly,
always.
cesser, to cease, stop.
ceux, see celui, chacun, each, each one.
chagrin, m, grief; se faire du
— , to worry.
chaîne, /. chain, watch chain.
chair,/, flesh.
chaise, /. chair, chalet, m. cottage, lodge.
chaletu*, /. beat.
chambre, /. room.
champ, m. field.
champignon, m. mushroom.
chance, /. chance, luck; pas de
— I hard luck!
chanceler, to stagger.
changement, m. change; (mili-
tary) removal to another
garrison.
changer, to change, alter; —
de, change one's ...
chanson, /. song.
chanter, to sing.
chantier, m. yard; 'stand' (of
trees to befelled).
chapeau, m. hat.
chapelle,/, chapel.
chaque, each, every.
charger, to burden, commission; se — de, undertake,
look after.
charme, m, charm.
charmé, delighted.
charretière (porte), main door
(for carts etc.), chasse, /. hunting, shooting;
shooting-rights.
châsse,/, shrine. chasser, to drive out.
chasseur, m. hunter, sports-
man.
chaud, warm, hot; avoir — ,
to be warm, hot.
chauffer, to warm.
chaimie, m, stubble, stubble-
field.
chaux, /. lime; blanchi à la — ,
whitewashed.
chef, m. chief, superior, mas-
ter, leader, first {officer^ etc.) ;
—d'industrie, manufacturer;
— de poste, in charge of the post.
chemin, m. road, path, way;
— de traverse, short eut.
cheminée, /. chimney, fire-
place, mantelpiece.
chemise, /. shirt; en — , in {his) shirt.
ch-er, -ère; dear, loved, expensive.
chercher, to search, seek, leel.
chéri, darling.
cheval, m. horse.
chevelure, /. hair, tresses.
cheveu, m. hair.
chevreuil, m, buck, deer.
VOCABULARY
cfaeZi at the house of; in; in
the room of; with.
chic, 'sweir.
chiffre, m. figure.
choisir, to choose.
choquer, to shock, jar on.
chose,/, thing.
chuchoter, to whisper.
cicatrice,/, scar.
ciel, m. sky, heaven, heavens.
cieuz, sec ciel, cigare, m. cigar.
cime,/, top {of trees, etc.).
cinq, ôve.
cinquantaine,/, some fifty.
cinqtiante, fifty.
circonscription, /. électoral district.
circonstance, /. circumstance.
cire,/, wax.
civil, civilian; en — , in plain
clothes.
civiliser, to civilize.
clair, clear; {of colors) Ught.
clairière, /. glade, open space,
clearing, clameur,/, clamor.
clef,/, key. client, m. customer.
cloche, /. bell.
clos, shut, closed.
cocher, m. driver, coachman.
cœtu*, m. heart.
coiffe, /. headdress, headgear,
cap.
coiffé de, wearing on one's
head.
coin, m. corner.
col, m. (mountain) pass.
colère,/, anger; en — , angry.
coUationner, to compare.
collège, m. school.
collier, m. necklace.
colonne,/, column.
colorer, to color; se — , to
flush.
colossal, colossal, huge.
combien, how much, how long.
combler, to fill up, load {with
. good things).
commandant, m. {military rank
nearest to our) major.
commandement, m. commande
authority.
commander, to order, com-
mand; — au malheur, force
misfortune into subjection;
engage, comme, like; as, just as, as
well as; — un ..., a sort of ... commencer, to begin.
comment, how; what! what
do y ou mean by ...?
commerce, m. trade.
commercial, business, on business.
commun, common, gênerai.
communauté, /. community
{possession in common).
communication, /. {téléphonie)
connection.
compagne, /. companion; —
de jeux, playmate.
compagnie,/, company.
compagnon, m. companion;
— de misère, f ellow-sufferer,
friend in need.
comparaison, /. comparison.
comparer, to compare, make
comparisons.
compartiment, m. {railroad)
carriage.
compensation, /.; en — de, as
a compensation for, in exchange for.
complaisance, /. complacency.
compléter, to complète, fill out,
eke out.
compl-et, -ète, complète, fuU.
composer, to make up.
comprendre, to understand,
include, comprise.
compri — , see comprendre, compromis, under a cloud. compte, m. account; avoir son
— , to get what is coming to
VOCABULARY
you ; à mon — ^ at my expense, *on me'; tenir — de, take into account; se rendre — , make out, make sure.
compter, to count; à — de ..., from ... on.
comte, m. count.
concierge, m. porter, jànîtor.
concilier, to conciliate.
conclure, to conclude, be conclusive.
condamner, to condemn, convict.
condition, /. condition, position, requirement; à — , on condition.
conduire, to lead, conduct, chaperone.
conduite, /. conduct.
confiance, /. confidence, — en soi, self-confidence.
confidence, /. confidence, secret; de — , confidential.
confident, m. -e, /. confidant.
confier, to conôde, entrust; se — à, confide in.
confondre, to confuse; se — , melt into one another.
confus, confused, dim, vague.
confusément, dimly, vaguely.
congé, m. (milUary) furlough, leave of absence; donner — à, to dismiss.
connaissance, /. acquaintance; consciousness; sans — , unconscious.
connaître, to be acquainted wîth, know.
conquérant, m. conqueror.
conquête, /. conquest.
conscience, /. conscience; consciousness; avoir — , to be conscious.
conseiller, m. councillor; — intime, privy councillor {hère a purely honorary title for civilians).
conseiller, to advise.
consentement, m. consent, consentir, to consent, conservation des forêts, Forest
Conservation Bureau, conserver, to keep, préserve.
considérer, to consider; gaze
at, examine, consister à, to consist in.
constamment, constantly, al-
ways, ever.
constater, to ascertain, see.
construire, to construct, build.
consulter, to consult, consider.
contenance, /. countenance;
faire bonne — , to keep a
brave front.
contenir, to contain, restrain,
control.
content, glad, satisôed.
contentement, m, satisfaction,
relief, contigu, -ë, adjoining.
continuer, to continue, go on
with, pursue.
contotuner, to circle.
contracté, drawn.
contradiction, /. contradiction,
opposition, contraint, constrained.
contrainte, /. constraint, re-
straint, self-control.
contraire, contrary; au — , on
the contrary.
contrarier, to hamper.
contrariété, /. vexation, contre, against, to.
contrebandier, m, smuggler.
contre-bas; en — , below.
contrée, /. région, district, contrefort, m, foothill.
contremaître, m. foreman.
contrevent, m. (ouiside) shut-
ter.
contribuable, m. taxpayer.
convalescent, convalescent, convenir (à), to be agreeable
to, suit.
convention,/, convention; tant
VOCABULAEY
de — , somethîng so conventional.
convenu, appointée!, pre-arranged.
convertir, to convert, make a convert of.
convive, m, guest (ai table),
convoquer, to call together.
coque,/, big bow (in a cap).
coquetterie, /. coquetry.
corbeille,/, basket.
cordon, m, (bell) rope.
corpâ, m. body, (army) corps.
correct j correct, punctilious.
correction, /. correct bearing.
corsaire, m, waist (of a dress).
costome, m. costume.
côté, fn, side, direction; du — Ge, from, in the direction, on the side of, toward; de tous — s, on ail sides.
cou, m. âeck.
couchant, m. setting (sun).
couché, i3âng (down).
coucher, to lay down, sleep; se — , lie down, go to bed.
coucou, m. cuckoo clock.
coude, m. elbow.
coudre, to sew.
couler, to flow, slide; laisser — ses doigts, run one's fingers.
cotdeur, /. color; de — tendre, in light, délicate colors, pastel shades.
couloir, m. passage.
coup, m. blow, stroke; — d'oeil, glance; — de sonnette, (ring at the) bell; tout à — , suddenly.
coupe, /. cup; cutting; — de bois, wood-cutting, *stand' (of timher to he felled) ; clearing (where the trees hâve been fdled and removed).
couper, to eut, pick.
cotu:, /. yard, courtyard, quadrangle.
courant, m. current, stream;
mettre au — de, to acquaint
courbe,/, curve. [with.
courir, to run, scour.
courrier, m, mail.
course,/, jaunt, walk, tramp; errand; running, speed; prendre sa — , to start running.
cotut, short.
cous — , see coudre.
cousin, m. cousin.
coutume, /. custom; comme de — , as usual; avoir — de, to make a practice of , be in the habit of .
couvent, m. couvent.
couvert, m. cover.
couverture,/, rug.
craign — , etc. y see craindre.
craindre, to fear.
crainte,/, fear.
crayon, m. pencîl*
créature, /. being.
crête, /. crest, ridge.
creuser, to dig, deepen, hollow; make to look hollow or drawn.
cri, m. cry.
crier, to cry out, shout, crunch.
crime, m. crime.
crinière,/, mane.
crise, /. attack.
crisper (se), to writhe, work.
cristal, m. crystal.
crochet, m. hook.
croire, to believe, think.
croiser, to cross, fold (one*s arms)y meet.
croissant, m. crescent.
croix,/, cross; en — , cross wise.
crosse, /. crozier (the curved staf of bishops and religions dignitaries) .
cruauté, /. cruelty.
cru — , see croire.
cruellement, cruelly.
cuirassier, cuirassier (heavy cavalry tnan, wearing a métal * cuirass ' or body armor).
VOCABULARY
coisinière, /. cook.
cuiTre, m. copper, brass.
cuiyré, copper-colored.
culotte,/, breeches.
cultiver, to cultivate.
cueilleu-T, m, -se, /. picker.
cueillir, to pick, gather.
culture,/, culture.
curé, m. abbé, priest.
curieu-x, -se, curious, in-
quisitive, interested; m. visit-
or.
dangereu-z, -se, dangerous.
dans, in, into.
danser, to dance; faire — ,
invite to dance.
date, /. date; de longue — ,
of old.
dater, to date from or back to;
à — de, from this very ...
davantage ( = plus), more; pas
— , neither.
de. of, from, with; — par, by.
déboucher, to corne out (as
from ihe ^motUW of a boHle, . etc.),
debout, standing.
déchirer, to tear.
décidément, decidedly.
décider, to décide; — de, make
or mar.
décision, /. fîrmness, posîtive-
ness, décision; prendre sa
— , to make up one's mind.
déclarer, to déclare; se — , to
develop (of fever, etc.).
découvert, uncovered; à — ,
in the open.
découverte, /. discovery.
découvrir, to uncover, dis-
cover; spy; se — , remove
one's hat.
dédire (se) de, to go back on,
relinquish.
défaillance,/, faintness.
défaut, m. defect, fault, lack;
faire — , to be lacking.
défendre, to défend; forbid.
déférent, deferential.
défi, m. défiance, challenge.
défiance,/, mistrust, suspicion.
défier, to challenge; se — , be
mistrustf ul or on the look-
out.
définitivement, permanently.
dégager, to disengage; se — ,
stand out.
degré, m. step (in a flighi of
steps).
déguiser, to dîsguise, conceal.
dehors, outside.
déjà, already.
déjeuner, m. breakfast, lunch.
delàj au — de, beyond.
délaissé, neglected, orphane4> délicat, délicate, délicatesse, /. delicacy, reône-
ment.
délicieusement, delightfuUy.
délicieu-x, -se, exquisite, de-
licious, rapturous.
délivrer, to deliver, set free.
demain, to-morrow.
demande, /. question, request,
offer (of marriage).
demander, to ask, enquire,
ask to see (a person), ask
for the hand of; — à, to
demand from; se — , to
wonder.
démarche,/, gait, step (toward
an end), visit.
démasquer, to unmask, uncover; se — , to step out of
cover.
demeure, /. dwelling.
demeurer, to remain; stay;
continue; live.
demi, à — , half.
demi-jour, m. half-light, dim
light.
demi-voix; à — , in an under-
tone or whisper.
VOCABULARY
dénégation,/, déniai, dissent.
dénoncer, to denounce.
dent, /. tooth; les — s serrées,
with set teeth.
dentelé, irregular {in outline).
dentelle, /. lace.
départ, m. départ ure; avis de
— , marching-orders.
dépasser, to be higher than,
overtop, pass beyond, over-
take and pass; overstep;
— la mesure, go too far.
dépêche,/, telegram.
dépendance, property (attached
to a house), dépister, to put o£f the scent.
déplacer, to change, shift the
position of.
déplaire, to displease.
déplaisir, m, displeasure.
déplier, to unfold.
déplu — , see déplaire, dépouiller, to strip.
depuis, since, for the last ...;
— lors, since then; — le temps que, it is so long a time since...
députation, /. position of mem-
ber of the Reichstag.
député, m. représentative ( =
member ofCongress), member
of the Reichstag.
déraisonnable, unreasonable.
déranger, to disturb; se — ,
move from where one is, put
oneself.out.
demi-er, -ère, last.
dernièrement, lately, the other
day.
dérobée; à la — , stealthily,
with sidelong glances. dérober, to steal, hide; se — ,
keep out of sight.
derrière, behind; m. rear.
dès, as early as, as soon as,
from; — aujourd'hui, this
very day; — lors que,
provided.
désaccord, m. disagreement.
désapprobation, /. disapproval,
condemnation.
désapprouver, to disapprove.
descendant, downward sloping.
descendre, to corne down;
alight.
désert, deserted, lonely.
déserter, to désert (from the
army), désertion, /. désertion, desert-
ing.
désespéré, despairing.
déshonoré, dishonored.
désigner, to point out, specify.
désintéressement, m. disinter-
estedness.
désir, m. désire, wish.
désirer, to désire, wish.
désireu-x, -se, désirons, anx-
ious, désobéir, to disobey.
désolé, distressed, very sorry,
broken-hearted. désormais, henceforth, thence-
forth.
dessous, m. lower part, under
part, hollow.
destiner (à), to in tend (for).
désimi, divided against itself.
détaché de, aloof from.
détacher, to detach, pick off;
se — , stand out.
détail, m. détail, particular.
dételé, without horses.
déterminer, to détermine, décide.
détester, to detest, hâte.
détour, m. turn, corner; round-
about way; circumlocution;
concealment.
détourner, to avert, switch off,
estrange; se — , turn round
or away.
détruire, to destroy, kill.
deuil, m, mouming, black
(clothes).
deux, two.
VOCABULARY
dévaler, to tumble or run down
hill.
devancer, to anticîpate.
devant, before, first, in front
of, in the présence of; V».
front part; pieds de — , forelegs, développer, to arouse, evoke.
devenir, to become, grow.
dévier, to switch off.
deviner, to guess.
devoir, m, duty.
devoir, to owe, hâve to, be to,
be bound to; must.
dévorer, to devour.
dévouer, to dévote, sacrifice, diable, {as an expletive) the
deuce. Pourquoi — ...? Why
on earth ...?
dialogue, m, dialogue {speech
hetween two parties).
diamanté, sparkling {like dior-
monds), différent, différent, différer, to differ, be différent
from, unlike.
difficilement, with difficulty.
difficulté, /, difl&culty.
digne, worthy, full of dignity.
dimanche, m. Sunday; le — ,
on Sundays.
diminuer, to diminish, wane.
dîner, m. dinner.
dîner, to dine.
dire, to say, speak, tell, directement, directly {i.e. in a
direct manner).
directrice,/, mistress.
diriger, to direct, manage, run,
be in charge of; se — ,
make for; find one's way.
discipline, /. discipline, mili-
tary ruîes.
discipliné, well-trained.
discuter, to discuss, argue, discrétion, /. discrétion, trust-
worthiness, secrecy.
disparaître, to disappcar.
disparate, încongruous.
dispensé de, not required to,
exempt from.
dispersé, scattered.
disposer, to lay out, set ont.
disposition, /. inclination, attitude; — s, turn of mind.
dissension, /. dissension, lack
of unity.
dissiper, to scatter; se — ,
fade away.
distinguer, to distinguish, make
out.
distrÏEdt, absent-minded.
distribuer, to distribute.
divan, m. sofa, diviser, to divide.
dix, ten.
dizaine, /. some ten.
doigt,m.ônger; finger's breadth.
domaine, m. property, demesne,
estate, grounds.
domestique, m. /. servant, dominant, dominating, prin^
cipal; conversation —e, main
conversation, domination, /. rule.
dominer, to overtop, command,
preponderate, get the upper
hand, lead, rule; overlook.
dompter, to conquer.
don, m. gif t.
donc, then, thus, so.
donner, to give; — sur, open
upon, overlook.
dont, of which, of whom.
doré, gilded, golden, dormir, to sleep.
dort, see dormir, dos, m. back.
douanier, m. customs officer.
doubler, to double; Une.
doucement, sweetly.
douceur, /. mildness, gentle-
ness, pleasantness.
douleur, /. pain.
doute, m. doubt; sans — , to
be sure, doubtless.
VOCABULARY
douter, to doubt; se — de,
suspect.
dou-x, -ce, gentle, mild, soft,
tender, sweet.
douzaine,/, dozen.
dragon, m. drageon (heavy
cavalryman), drame, m, tragedy.
drap, m, sheet.
dresser, to erect; se — , rise,
stand up, draw oneself up.
droit, m. right, law (school);
faire son — , to study law;
— s, tax (on a performance,
etc.).
drôle, funny, entertaining, live-
ly (familiar for *happy*);
queer.
droit, straight.
droite, /. right (-hand sida);
un à — , a quarter-tum to
the right.
du — , see devoir, duel, m. duel, fight.
dur, hard, stiff.
durable, lasting.
durée, /. duration.
durer, to last.
dynastie, /. dynasty (fine of
rider s).
eau,/, water; saison d' — ^x, visît to a watering place; — de vie, brandy; — de Cologne, Cologne (scent).
ébrandié, lopped of (its) branches.
ébranler, to shake (the résolution).
écart; à 1' — , in private.
écarté, spread out; apart.
écarter, to put, take away, brush aside, remove; s' — , stand aside or aloof .
échancrure, /. irregularity (of Une), notch.
échanger, to exchange; être
échangé, pass between (peo-
ple).
échapper, — à, s* — , to escape,
corne, échauffer, to heat.
échouer, to fail; faire — , bring
to naught, thwart.
éclair, m. âash (of lightnîng).
éclaircie,/. clearing of the skies.
éclaircir, to make lighter or
clearer; thin out.
éclairer, to light, lîght up,
shine on; enUghten.
éclaireur, m. scout.
éclat, m. brilliancy.
éclatant, showy (in color, etc.).
éclater, to burst, break out.
éclosion, /. opening, blossom- ■ ing.
écolier, m. schoolboy.
écorce, /. bark.
écouler (s'), to flow away,
elapse.
écouter, to listen, listen to.
écran, m. screen; faire — ,
to serve as a screen.
écraser, to crush.
écrier (s'), to exclaim.
écrire, to write.
écriture,/, (hand) writing.
écriv — , see écrire, écurie,/, stable, éducation, /. éducation, train-
ing.
effacement, m. (readiness to
sink into) insignificance.
effacer, to efface, smooth
out; s' — , to draw back or
out of the way, wane.
effaré, bewildered, flustered.
effarer (s'), to be alarmed.
effet, m. effect, resuit; en — ,
îndeed, as a matter of fact,
sure enough, quite so; rester . sans — , to go unanswered;
— s, clothes.
effleurer, to sweep lightly over.
VOCABULARY
efforcer (s* — de), to strive or
do one's best to.
effort, m, effort, work.
effrayer, to frighten, scare.
effroi, m. terror.
égal, equal, no less.
également, equally, also.
égard, m,; — s, considération, égaré, wild.
église,/, church.
égyptien, -ne, Ëgyptian.
£h bien, WeU!
£hl Hil {to attract attention).
élan, m. impetus, momentum.
élancer (s'), to make a rush, élargir, s' — , to broaden out.
électrique, electric.
élever, to raise, rear, bring
up; s' — , arise, be heard.
élire, to elect.
éloge, m, praise.
éloigné, far, removed, absent,
away.
éloignement, m. distance, re-
moval. éloigner, to remove; s' — ,
move away, drop away (p.
13)élu, see élire.
embarras, m. embarrassment.
embellissement, m, beautify-
ing, improvement.
embrasser, to kiss, embrace.
embrasure,/, embrasure, (win-
dow) opening.
embusqué, lying in ambush.
éminent, emînent, prééminent, emmener, to take away or
along.
émotion, /. émotion.
émouvoir, to move, touch,
thrill; s* — , be thrilled.
emparer (s'), to take possession
of.
empêcher, to prevent, s* — de,
help ( = avoid).
Empereur, m. Emperor, Kaiser, emplir, to ûll.
empoisonner, to poison, emporter, to carry, bear away,
take (with one).
empresser (s'}, to hasten,
flock.
ému (see émouvoir), moved,
excited.
en. of it, from it, them, etc.;
like a, as a; — avant, for-
ward, on ahead; — dessous,
below; — dessus, above.
encadrement, m. frame.
enchanté, delighted.
enclos, enclosed, wrapped.
encolure, /. neck {of a horse), encombré de, littered with.
encombrer, to hamper.
encore, still, again, (some)
more; after ail (p. 44).
endormi, sleeping.
endormir, to put to sleep;
s* — , be lulled to sleep.
endroit, m. place, spot; à
(leur) — , about (them).
énergie,/, energy.
énergique, energetîc.
enfance,/, childhood; petite — ,
early childhood.
enfant, m. /. child.
enfantin, childish.
enfermer, to shut, put.
enfin, at length, at last, in
short; lastly; anyhow, well.
enfoncer, to press down or
home; settle {in its place);
s' — , plunge.
enfuir (s'), to flee.
engager, to ad vise; begin; —
une partie, start a game;
s* — , pledge oneself; s* —
dans, enter, enhardir, to embolden; s' — ,
become bolder.
enjambée, /. stride.
enlever, to remove, take off,
carry off, run away with.
ennemi, m. -e, /. enemy.
ennui, m, trouble.
VOCABULARY
énorme, enormous, huge.
enquête. /. investigation.
ensemble, m. set of things, little world.
ensemble, together.
ensevelir, to bury; drown.
ensuite, next, then, afterwards.
entendre, to hear; understand; mean; s* — , be agreed, understand each other, hâve an understanding together; c'est entendu, that's agreed or settled.
entêté, stubbom, headstrong.
enthousiaste, enthusiastic.
enti-er, -ère, entire, complète, whole.
entièrement, entirely, completely, wholly, unreserved-
ly.
entourer, to surround, entraîner, to drag away, carry
off.
entre, between, among, above.
entre-bâillement, m. (kalf)
opening (of a door), entrée,/, entrance.
entrer, to go in, come in, enter, entretien, m. conversation, entrevoir, to glimpse.
entr'ouvrir, to half open, half
part, envelopper, to envelop, en-
fold, wrap, clothe, swathe.
envers, towards, with.
envie, /. désire; avoir — de,
to feel like.
envier, to envy.
environs, m. pL surroundîng
country, vicinity.
envoler (s*), to fly away.
envoyer, to send; — chercher,
send for.
épais, -se, thîck.
épaissi, thickened.
épaissir (s'), to thicken.
épanoui, full-blown, developed;
plus — , in fuUer bloom.
épanouissement, m. blossom-
ing out; ecstasy.
épargner, to spare.
épaule,/, shoulder.
épée, /. s Word; homme d' — ,
fighter.
éperon, m, spur; en — , Uke a
spur, spur-shaped.
éponger, to sponge, mop.
époque,/, time.
épouser, to marry.
épouvanter, to terrify.
époux, m, husband.
épreuve, /. test, trial; — de
temps, period of probation
{lUerally: trial hy lengtk of
Urne).
éprouver, to expérience, feel.
épuiser, to drain, sap, exhaust,
wear out.
équipage, m. carriage.
équipe, /. crew, bunch of
workers.
équité, /. equity, (reasonable)
justice.
équivaloir à, to amount to.
ermitage, m. hermitaçe.
errant, m, wanderer.
erreur,/, error.
escabeau, m, stool.
escadron, m. squadron.
escalader, to scale, climb. escalier, m. stairs.
espace, m. space.
espèce, /. sort, kind.
espérance, /. hope.
espérer, to hope.
espoir, m. hope.
esprit, m, spirit, mind, wit;
avec — , wittily.
essayer, to try.
essoufflé, breathless, out of
breath.
est (pronounce: esste)^ m, east.
esthétique, /. aesthetics (de-
partment of phUosophy treating
of beatUy in nature and in art).
estime,/, esteem, regard.
VOCABULARY
établi, established, patent.
établir, 'to establish, settle, dictate, lay put; s' — , to settle down.
étage, m. story {of a house); tier; second — , third story (second above Ihe ground jîoor),
étage, rîsing (or falling) in tiers.
étaler, to spread.
état, m. State, condition, (sMe of) health.
étendre, to stretch, spread (out).
étendu, extended, broad, wide.
étincelle, /. spark, âesh.
étiré, drawn out.
étoffe,/, stuff, bunting.
étoile,/, star.
étoile, starred, starry.
étonnement, m. astonishment.
étonner, to astonish.
étouffé, stifled, smothered.
étouffer, to stifle, hush.
étourdiment, thoughtlessly.
étrange, strange.
étranger, m, stranger; — à, a stranger to.
étranglé, {of tke voice) husky.
être, m. beîng, créature.
être, to be; — à, be engaged in, be ... — ing; belong to; en — , belong to it; tu .n'es pas pour rien de ta génération (p. 93), ' y ou are of your own time ail right (literally: you are not of your génération for nothing, in vain; you show it).
étroit, narrow.
étude, /. study.
étudiant, m. student.
étudier, to study.
étui, m, case.
eux, they, them.
évanouissement, m, swoon.
évasi-f, -ve, evasive.
éveillé, wide-awake.
éveiller, to awake, arouse,
make; s' — , wake up.
événement, m, event.
éventail, m, fan.
évidemment, evidently, obvi-
ously.
éviter, to avoid.
évolution, /. change of front
or of heart.
évoquer, to evoke.
exactement, precisely, exactly,
just.
exalté, hot-headed.
examen, m, examination, investigation, examiner, to examine.
exaspérer, to exasperate. excellent, excellent, delight-
fui.
exclure, to exclude; s' — , be
mutually exclusive, exclusivement, exclusively.
excursion, /. trip.
excuser, to excuse; s' — , to
apologize.
exécuter, to exécute, carry out.
exemple, m, example; Par — ,
Well, I déclare!
exercer, s' — , to practice, drill.
^exercice, m, exercise, drill.
exiger, to impose, reqidre, in-
sist upon.
expérience, /. experiment; expérience, expirer, to expire, explication, /. explanation,
heart-to-heart talk.
expliquer, to explain; s* — , hâve
it out; account for; express
one's thoughts.
exploiter, to work (a forest
cuttingf etc.).
exposer, to expose, set forth.
exprimer, to express.
esqmlsion,/. éviction.
extrémité, /. extremity, end,
far end.
fabrication,/, process of manufacture.
façade, /. front, face, side.
face, /. face; bien en — , straight in the face; en — (de), just opposite; — à, fadng.
fâcheu-x, -se, regrettable.
facile, easy.
facilement, easily, readily.
facilité, /. facility, freedom, capacity, gift (for).
façon,/, manner, way.
factice, factitîous, artîficîal.
fagot, m. faggot, branches.
faible, weak, small.
faillir, to just miss, co;ne very near.
faim, /. hunger; avoir — , to be hungry.
faire, to make, do; — de la politique, go in for politics; se — prendre, get caught; — mal à, hurt: se — , become; serve (a ter m in prison)] {of weather) be; il fait bon (p. 98), it is best {lilerally: the weather is pleasant); comment c'est fait (p.
99), what it is like.
faisan, m, pheasant.
fait, m. fact; tout à — , qui te, entirely.
falaise,/, cliff.
falloir, to be necessary; must; il faut, it takes; il ne faut pas, it must not be.
familial, of the family.
famille, /. family.
fantaisie, /. fancy; pas de — dans, nothing fancy about.
farouche, fierce, churlish.
fass — , see faire.
fatalité,/, fatality; the Fates.
fatigué, tired. [tones.
fausset, m, falsetto (voice), head
faute, /. fault; — de, for lack
of.
fauteuil, m, armchair; — à
oreilles, winged armchair.
fauve, ruddy.
faveur,/, favor.
fécondité, /. f ertility.
feign — , see feindre, feindre, to prétend, fêler, to crack, break.
féliciter, to congratulate.
femme, /. woman, wife; — de
chambre, (chamber) maid; —
de charge, caretaker.
fenêtre,/, window.
fente, /. slit, gap.
féodal, f eudal (with the charac-
teristics of the uncivilized
feudal tintes of the Middle
Ages), fer, m, iron; — forgé, wrought
iron.
ferme, /. farm.
ferme, firm, strong, hard, un-
blinking (eye); severely.
fermement, strictly.
fermer, se — , to shut, close.
fermier, m, farmer.
ferveur,/, ardor.
fête, /. feast; rejoicing; en — ,
full of joy.
feu, w. fire; prendre — , to
catch fire.
feuillage, m, leafage, leaves.
feuille, /. leaf .
février, m. February.
fiacre, m. cab.
fiançailles, /. pi, engagement.
fiancé, m. engaged (to be mar-
ried); betrothed; lover; des
— s, an engaged couple. fidèle, faithful; m. worshipper.
fidélité, /. faîthfulness.
fie-r, -ère, proud, tremendous.
fierté,/, pride.
fièvre,/, fever.
figure,/, face; faire une — ,
to pull such a facel (p. 46).
VOCABULARY
figurer (se), to pîcture to
yourself, conceive, imagine;
figurez-vous que, just thinkl file, /. file (=line); en — ,
in single file, fille, /. girl, daughter; vieille
— , old maid.
fils, m. son.
fin, /. end; prendre — , to
corne to an end.
fin, délicate, fini, over.
finir, to finish, end.
fixe! Eyes front! {lUerally:
Remain *fixed* or siiU).
fixé sur, riveted on.
fixer, to fix, settle; se — , settle
down; gaze, stare at. flambeau^ m. taper, flamber, to flame.
flamme, /. flame; small pen-
nant.
flanc, m, flank, side.
flatter, to flatter; s'en — ,
hope so.
flatteu-r, -se, flattering, com-
plîmentary.
fléau, m, flail (Jor threshing
wheat by hand), flèche, /. arrow, spire, flétrir, to wither.
fleur,/, flower.
fleuri, flowery.
fleurir, to decorate (as with a
flower).
flocon, m, flake.
flot, m. wave, rush, flotter, to float.
flûte, flute-like, piping.
foi,/, faith, belief ; digne de — ,
trust worthy; bonne — , can-
dor, sincerity. Ma — I Oh
welll Indeed!
fois, /. (repeated) time; une — , once; deux — , twice;
des — s, at times; à la — ,
at the same time.
fonctionnaire, m, officiai.
fond, m. bottom, back, depth, reality; dans le — , at bottom.
fondateur, m. founder.
fonder, to found.
fontaine, /. fountain, spring.
force, /. force, main force, strength, might.
forestier, m. woodsman.
forestier, adj. of the fore^; garde — , forest guard; maison forestière, a forest cottage.
forêt, /. forest.
forgé, {of iron) wrought.
forme, /. figure, shape, précaution (p. 87).
formel, -le, formai, express, spécial, spécifie.
former, to form, draw up.
fort, strong, stout; much, very; c'est trop — , this is too bad or too much.
fortement, vigorously, ardent-
ly.
fortune, /. fortune, fortunes,
good fortune; wealth, money,
wealthy men.
fou, crazy, mad.
fouetter, to whip, lash. foule, /. crowd.
fouler, to trample.
fourrure, /. fur.
fragile, fragile, frail.
frais, fraîche, fresh, fresh-
colored.
franc, -he, frank, open.
français, French; m. French
(language) ; Français, French-
man.
franchement, frankly, openly.
franchir, to pass through or
beyond, cross, fly across.
frapper, to strîke, knock.
frêle, frail.
frémissant, quîvering.
fréquemment, frequently.
fréquenter! to fréquent, visit
VOCABULARY
frequently; — peu, be seldom
seen.
frère, m. brother.
frérot, m. diminutive of frère,
'buddy.' frisé, curly.
frisson, m. shiver, shudder.
frissonner, to shiver. froid, m, cold; avoir -r-, to be
cold.
froideur, /. coolness, coldness,
chilliness.
froissement, m, jarring.
froisser, to crumple, bruise,
hurt (thefeelings).
frôler, to brush, brush past.
froncer, to knit; — le sourcil,
knit one's brow.
front, m. forehead, front, frontière,/, frontier.
fugitif, m. fugitive.
fufi", to fly, flee from.
fuite, /. flight.
fulgurant, flashîng.
fumée, /. smoke.
fumer, to smoke, steam.
fumoir, m. smoking-room.
furti-f, -ve, furtive, flitting
(smile).
fusée,/, rocket.
fusion, /. melting, fusion; en
— , molten.
futaie, /. forest, wood.
fuy — , see fuir.
gagné, overcome.
gagner, to gain, wîn, catch,
be communicated to.
gai, merry.
gaieté, /. cheerfulness.
galon, m. (milUary) stripe;
{figuratively) position.
galop, m. gallop.
ganse,/, cord {on unifornit etc), gant, m. glove.
ganté, gloved.
garçon, m. lad, fellow.
garde, /. guard, care; prendre — , to take care, be careful; realize; ne pas prendre — , pay no attention.
garder, to guard, keep, préserve.
gardien, -ne, caretaker.
gare,/, railroad station.
gamisoUy /. garrison.
gars, m. fellow, chap.
gâteau, m. cake.
gâter, to spoil.
gauche, left (-hand), awkward.
gelée, /. frost.
gemme, /. gem.
gênant, awkward.
gendarme, m, constable.
gêner, to be in the way, make (any one) feel awkward or uncomfortable; se — , put oneself out ; se — moins encore, be still more casual.
général, m. gênerai {ojfficer),
généralement, generally.
génération, /. génération; time
généreu-x, -se, generous.
générosité, /. generosity.
génie, m. genius.
genou, m. knee.
genre, m. kind.
gens ( = pi, (?/ homme), people;
petites — , small fry.
gentilhomme, m, man of noble
birth.
géographie, /. geography.
gerbe,/, bunch (of flowers).
germanisation^ /. Germanizing
( = making German).
geste, m. gesture, motion, gifler, to strike violently in
the face, gigantesque, gîgantîc.
glace, /. sheet of glass, mirror;
— sans tain, clear glass {lit.
without the metallic backing
of a looking glass).
VOCABULARY
glacé, freezing.
glaïeul, m. iris (flower).
glissant, slipperyt
glisser, to slip, slide; se — ,
creep.
globule, m, globule, glorifier, to glorify.
Gobelins (the world-renawned
Paris firm which, since the
middle of the lÔth century,
has been making the finest
tapestry), Gobelin tapestry.
gonfler, to swell.
gorge, /. throat; sa — se serra,
a lump rose in his throat.
goût, m. taste.
goutte, /. drop.
gouvernement, m. govemment.
gouvernemental, officiai, of
those in authority.
gouverner, to govem.
grâce, /. grâce, great favor;
— à, thanks to.
gradé, m. (non-commissioned)
petty officer. gradin, m. step, tier.
grand, great, big, tall; acute.
grand-père, m. grandfather.
grandir, to grow.
grange, /. barn.
granit, m. granité, stone flags.
gratuit, gratuitous, for noth-
ing.
grave, grave, serions, solemn.
gravement, gravely, seriously.
gré, m. liking; bon — , mal — ,
willing or unwilling, wiUy
nilly.
grêle, thin.
grès, m. (sand) stone.
grève, /. strike; faire la — ,
to go on strike.
grille, /. (iron) gâte.
grimper, to climb.
gris, gray; tipsy; m. gray (color).
griser, to intoxicate, get into
the head of.
grommeler, to muttei.
gronder, to scold.
gros, -se, big, stout, fat, heavy.
groupe, m, group.
guère; ne ... guère, hardly.
guéridon, m. little light table.
guérir, to heal.
guerre,/, war.
guetter, to watch for.
gymnase, m. (the German pre-
paratory school), *gymnas-
ium.'
habillement, m. clothing.
habiller, s' — , to dress.
habit, m. black coat, dress-
suit; — s, clothes.
habitation, /. house; life (p.
habiter, to live, dwell in, in- . habit.
habitude, /. habit; — d'esprit,
turn of mind; — du monde,
Society polish; par — , by
force of habit.
habitué, accustomed.
habituel, -le, usual.
hagard, haggard.
haie, /. hedge; — vive, quick-
set hedge.
haine, /. hatred.
haïr, to hâte.
hait, see haïr, haleine, /. breath.
haleter, to pant, heave.
Haïti German for the French:
Halte/ Haltel Hait! Stopl hangar, m. shed.
hasard, m. chance; camarade
de — , chance companion;
par — , by any chance,
perchance, perhaps.
hâte, /. haste, eagerness; avoir
— de, to be in a hurry to.
hâter, to hasten.
VOCABULARY
hausser, to shrug (shoulders).
haut, m. top; height.
haut, tall, high, proud or upper;
en — de, at the top or in the
upper part of; above; à — e
voix, tout — , aloud.
hautain, lofty, haughty.
hauteur, /. height, haughtiness;
à la — de, abreast of.
hébété, stolid.
Heidelberg, fatnous university
town in the Grand- Duchy of
Baden.
hélas! alasl herbe, /. grass.
hermine, /. ermine (Jur), hérisser, to bristle (ail over).
hériter de, to inherit.
héroïque, heroic.
héroïsme, m. heroism.
hésiter, to hesitate.
hésitation, /. hésitation, hesi-
tancy.
hêtre, m, beech.
hêtrée, /. beech grove.
heure, /. hour, time of day,
o'clock; de bonne — , eariy,
betimes; à la bonne — !
that's right! tout à V — , just
now, a short time ago; also
by and by, presently.
heureu-x, -se, happy; rendre
— , to make happy.
heurter, to hit, collide with.
hibou, m. owl.
hiérarchie, /. hierarchy ( =
respect for superiors), histoire,/, history; story, mess,
fuss, row; avoir une — , to
get into trouble.
hiver, m, winter.
hocher, to nod.
hommage, m, homage, compliment.
homme, m. man.
honneur, m. honor, crédit.
honorer, to honor.
honte, /. shame; avoir — , to
be ashamed; faire des — s à,
to shame ...
horizontalement, horizontally.
horloge, /. {large public) clock.
hors de, outside; — de lui,
beside himself.
Hostie, /. the Host (in the
Roman Catholic church), hostile, hostile, inimical.
hostilité, /. hostility.
hôte, m. host; guest.
houblon, m. hop, hops.
houblonnière, /. hop-field.
huit, eight.
humain, human, humane.
htuner, to sniff.
humeur, /. temper, disposition,
attitude, htunilier, to humilia te, humble;
s' — , be humble.
hussard, m, hussar (light cav-
alry).
ici, hère, now; par — , this way; d' — , from now until ...
idée, /. idea thought, intention; bonne — , happy thought; n'avoir pas V — de, to hâve no thought of.
ignorer, not to know.
il y a, there is, it is, ago; — ... que, it is ... since.
illuminer, to light up.
illusion, /. illusion, self-delusion.
image, /. image, picture, suggestion; — du souvenir français, mémorial pictures printed by the French.
imagination, /. imagination; d* — , of the imagination.
imaginer, s* — , to imagine, fancy.
imbécile, m. fool.
imberbe, beardless, smoothshaven.
VOCABULARY
imiter, to imitate, follow the
lead of, follow suit.
immédiat, immédiate.
immobile, motionless.
impatience, /. impatience.
impénétrable, impénétrable, impérieusement, imperiously.
impérieu-z, -se, imperious.
impersonnalité, /. lack of in-
dividuality.
impertinent, impertinent, impétueu-z, -se, impetuous,
impulsive.
importer, to matter, be important; peu importe, it makes
no différence.
imposer, to impose; s* — , in-
trude; force upon oneself;
obtrude itself.
impotent, m. paralytic.
imprimer, to print, imprînt,
impress, get out.
inaccoutumé, unaccustomed,
unusual.
inaperçu, unnoticed.
incamé, incarnate in, personî-
fied by.
incapable de, unable to.
incertain, uncertain, wavy.
incertitude, /. uncertainty.
incident, m. incident, occurrence, inclinaison, /. bending; — de
tête, nod, bow.
inclination, /. bend; bent.
incliné, sloping.
incliner, to incline, lean; s' — ,
bend, bend down.
inconciliable, impossible to
carry out together.
inconnu, m. stranger; unknown
things; des années d* — ,
years of absence {litcrdlly:
of ^unknown things^).
incorporé, drafted into; part of
the army (p. 126).
incrédulité, /. incredulity, dis-
bclief.
inculte, uncultivated.
indéfiniment, unceasingly, ever-
lastingly.
indépendance,/, independence.
indépendant, independent.
indication, /. direction.
indicible, inexpressible.
indifférence, /. indifférence, indigné, indignant.
indiquer, to indicate, betoken,
dénote, point to, point out.
industrie, /. business (0/ a
manufacturer) y work.
industriel, m. manufacturer, inégal, unequal.
inévitable, unavoîdable, impossible to withstand.
infaillible, infallible.
infatigable, indefatigable.
inférieur, inferior. [ably.
infini, infinité; à 1* — , illimitinfirme, m. invalid.
infirme, inûrm, frail, feeble.
inflezible, inflexible, unbend-
ing.
influent, influentîal.
informe, shapeless.
informer, to inform, notify;
s* — , make inquiries.
infraction, /. breaking.
ingrat, ungrateful.
inhabité, uninhabited.
initiale, /. initial (leUer).
injure, /. insuit.
injurier, to insuit.
injuste, unjust.
inopinément, suddenly.
inqtd-et, -ète, anxious, fear-
ful, restless.
inquiéter, to alarm.
inquiétude, /. anxiety.
insensé, mad, madness.
insister, to insist.
insouciant, care-free.
insoumis, m. insubordinate.
installer, to settle.
instance, /. pressing request,
praycr.
VOCABULARY
instant, m, instant; pour 1' — , for the time being, meanwhile.
instincti-f, -ve, instinctively, natural.
institution,/, school.
instruction, /. instruction, éducation, learning, training.
insultant, insulting, insolent.
intact, intact, unimpaired.
intelligence, /. intelligence, intellect, brain, mind, head.
intention, /. intention.
intercéder, to intercède.
interdire, to forbid.
interdiction, /. ban of interdiction; en — , under a ban.
intéressé, interested, prompted by self-interest.
intéresser, to interest.
intérêt, m, interest.
intérieur, m. interior, inside; se retirer à 1* — , to withdraw inwards.
interrogation, /. questioning.
interroger, to question.
interpeller, to challenge.
interrompre, to interrupt, break oflF.
intervalle, m. interval.
intervenir, to interpose.
intime, inmost, private, privy.
intimité, /. intimacy, confidential relations.
intolérable, intolérable, insupportable, unbearable.
intrépide, dauntless, untîring.
introduire, to let in, show in.
inutile, useless, wasted.
invariablement, invariably.
inventer, to invent, devise.
invincible, unconquerable.
invisible, invisible.
invitation, /. invitation.
invité, m. guest.
involontaire, involuntary.
ir — , see aller.
ironie, /. irony.
irrémédiablement, beyond
remedy, hopelessly.
irrévérencieu-x, -se, disre-
spectful.
irrévocablement, irrevocably,
hopelessly.
irrité, angered, angry.
irriter^ to irritate; s* — , get
angry.
icsu, sprung.
issue, /. issue, outcome. italien, -ne, Italian.
ivre, drunk.
ivresse, /. intoxication, rap-
ture.
ivrogne, m. drunkard.
jaillir, to gush.
jalou-x, -se, jealous, sensî-
tive, touchy.
jamais, ever, never; à — , à
tout — , for ail time.
jambe,/, leg.
jaquette, /. coat.
jardin, m. (flower) garden.
jardinier, m. gardener.
jaune, yellow.
Jean, m. John.
jeter, to throw, cast.
jeu, m. game.
jeudi, w. Thursday; — saint,
Thursday in Holy Week, jeime, young.
jeunesse, /. youth, youthful-
ness.
joie, /. joy, glee; en —, joy-
ful, exultant.
joindre, se — (à), to join
(with).
joli, pretty.
joue,/, cheek.
jouer, to play; — à, play (a
gante) y se — , disport one-
self , dance. joueu-r, m. ; -se, /. gambler.
joug, m. yoke.
VOCABULAKY
jouir de, to enjoy to the fuU.
jour, m. day; daylight; light; petit — , day break; tous les — s, every day.
joumali-er, -ère, worker by the day; hired laborer.
journée,/, day, daytime, day's work.
joyeu-x, -se, joyful. *
juge, m. judge.
jugement, m. judgment, opinion, statement, estimate.
juger, to judge; en — , estimate.
juin, m. June.
jupe,/, skirt.
jurer, to swear.
jusqu'à, as far as, till, until, up to.
jusque-là, hitherto.
jusqu'ici, so far.
juste, just, exact, précise; au — , exactly.
juste, just, precisely, exactly.
justement, precisely, just.
justifier, to justify, warrant.
là, there; de — , starting from
that, after which.
là-bas, out there, over there.
laboureur, m, farm-hand.
lac, m. lake.
lacet, m. zigzag path {literally:
as on a boot lace); au détour
des — s, at the turns of the
zigzags.
lâcher, to let go, relax one's
hold upon.
là-dessus, on that, thereupon;
on the subjëct.
là-haut, up there.
laid, ugly, plain.
laine,/, wool.
laisser, to leave, let, allow;
— entendre, hint, imply; —
voir, show, betray; — entrevoir, hint at; laisse que je ..., let me ...
lambeau, m. shred.
lamentable, pitiful.
lancer, to throw, hurl, fire (shells), start, blurt out.
landau, m. landau (carriage ' wUh folding top),
langage, m, language.
languissant, languid.
lanterne, /. lantem, carriage lamp.
large, broad, wide.
larme, /. tear.
lassitude,/, weariness.
laver, to wash.
lég-er, -ère, light, slight, faint.
légèrement, slightly.
Légion d'honneur, a highly coveted order of mérita founded by Napoléon: ils members wear a red bow or rosette in the coat lapel,
légitime, righteous.
lendemain, m. morrow, next day; le — de, the day after.
lent, slow, long.
lentement, slowly.
lequel, laquelle, lesquels, lesqueÛes, which.
lettre, /. letter; à la — , to the letter, in every particular.
leur, their; le, la — , theirs.
lever, to raise, prop up; se — , rise; faire — , inspire.
lèvre, /. lip.
liane,/, long stalk.
liberté, /. liberty, freedom; — d'esprit, self-possession {literally: freedom of mind).
libraire, m. bookseller.
libre, free, open.
librement, freely.
licence, /. degree ( = A. M., B. A., etc.); passer sa — en droit, to get one's degree in the Law School.
VOCABULARY
lien, m. bond.
liei^, to bind.
lieu, m, place, spot; au — de, instead of ; avoir — , to take place; en haut — , by the great (literally: in high places),
lieue,/, league {ahout 3 miles).
lieutenant, m. lieutenant; — en premier, first lieutenant.
lièvre, m. hare.
ligne, /. Une.
linge, m, linen.
liqueur, /. liquor, liqueur.
lire, to read.
lisière, /. edge.
lit, m. bed.
