partie/ portion, game

partir to départ, set out. partout everywhere.

VOCABULARY

pani, parut. See paraître, parvenir to arrive, attain.

parvint. See parvenir, pas : ne . . . pas not ; pas de no,

not any.

pas m. step.

passage m, road, way.

passer to pass, spend.

pâture yi pasture, food.

paupière/! eyelid.

pays m, country.

peine/i pain, difficulty, grief ; à peine

hardly, scarcely.

pendant during; pendant que while.

pénible laborious, difficult.

péniblement with difficulty.

pensée/! thought, idea.

penser to think.

pensi-f -ve thoughtf ul.

perçant -e piercing, penetrating.

perdre to lose, ruin.

père m, father.

périr to perish, be lost.

permettre to pennit, allow.

personne/! person.

personnellement personally.

perte/! loss, destruction, petit -e little, small.

peu little, few; peu à peu by de-

grees. peuplade/! people, colony, tribe.

peuple m. people, nation, peupler to people, populate.

peur /. fear, dread; de peur que

lest, for fear that.

peut-être perhaps.

phrase/, sentence.

pic m, beak, point; à pic perpen-

dicularly; precipitous.

pied m, foot ; à pied on foot.

•j^ieatf. stone, rock.

pistolet m. pistol.

pitié/! pity.

plaideur m. pleader.

plaire to please; se plaire to be

pleased.

plaisanterie/! pleasantry, jest.

plaisir m. pleasure.

planche/! plank, board.

plate-forme/! platform.

pleurer to cry, lament.

plume/! feather.

plupart/, majority.

plus more; de plus besides; plus

d'une fois more than once; ne

. . . plus no longer, no more, plusieurs several.

plutôt rather; plutôt que rather

than.

poche/, pocket, poids m. weight.

poignard m. dagger. poignée/ handful.

point : ne . . . point not, not at ail.

pointe/, point ; pointe du jour day-

break, poitrine/ breast, chest.

politique political.

pomme de terre/ potato.

pont m. bridge, porte/ door.

portée / reach, extent; à portée

within reach.

porter to carry, bear; se porter to

flock, rush, poser to lay, place, poste m, post, station.

potage m. soup.

poteau m. stake, post.

poudre/ powder.

pour for, instead of, on account of.

pourquoi why.

pooiBuivre to foUow, pursue.

pousser to push, urge ; to utter.

pouvoir to be able ; can ; il se peut it may be ; it is possible.

pouvoir m. power.

praticable passable, performable.

pratiquer to xnake.

précieu-x -se precious.

précipiter to throw headlong.

premier, première first.

prendre to take, seize, accept ; prendre garde to take care.

près near, nearly.

presque almost.

pressentiment m, presentiment; foretaste.

presser to press, be urgent.

prêt -e ready.

prêtre m. priest.

preuve/, proof.

prévenir to inform, wam.

prévoir to foresee, foreknow. .

prière/, prayer.

printanier, printanière vemal, of spring.

prirent, prit S^^ prendre.

prisonnier m. prisoner.

priver to deprive.

piiz m. price.

procès m. trial, lawsuit.

prochain -e near.

profondeur/, depth.

projet m. project, plan.

projeter to plan, intend.

promesse/ promise.

promettre to promise.

proposer to propose, ofifer.

propriétaire m. owner.

prostemement m, bow.

protéger to protect.

pu, put. Sfâ pouvoir, puiser to draw.

puits m. well.

qualité/ quality, rank, position.

quand when.

quart m. quarter.

quartier m. quarter.

quatre foUr.

que than, as; that; ne . . . que

only; pron. which, what, that;

wM suâ/unctive, let.

quel -le what.

quelque some, any, few. quelquefois sometimes.

quelqu'un, quelqu'une some one.

qui who, which, whom; ce qui

what.

quinze fif teen.

quoi what, which ; A quoi bon what

is the use.

quoique though, although.

racheter to redeem, ransom.

raffermir to harden ; se raffermir to grow hard again.

raide stiff, stark.

raidir to stiff en; se raidir to get stiff.

raison/ reason.

raisonnement m, reasoning, argument.

ramolli -e soft, softened.

ramollir to soften.

rançon/ ransom.

VOCABULARY

nsimer to bring back {fo life)y revive.

rappeler to recall; ae rappeler to remember.

rapport m, relation, account.

rapporter to bring back.

rapprocher to draw near; se rapprocher de to approach.

rassembler to coUect.

rassurer to reassure.

ravin m. ravine.

rayonner to beam, shine, radiate.

recevoir to receive.

réchauffer to warm.

recherche/, quest, search.

reconnaissable easy to be recognized.

reconnaître to explore, recognize.

recouvrir to cover again.

recueillir to coUect, compile.

reculer to draw back, retreat.

redoubler to redouble, repeat.

redoutable formidable.

redoute/, redoubt.

réel -le real.

refaire to make again, do again.

réfléchir to reflect, consider.

régner to reign, prevail.

rejoindre to rejoin.

relâcher to relax, relieve; se relâcher to become careless.

relever to raise ; se relever to get up.

remarquer to note.

remettre to give, intrust with, pay; se remettre à to begin again.

remonter to go up again.

rempart m. rampart, bulwark.

rencontre / encounter, meeting.

rencontrer to meet with, find.

lendes^vous m, meeting-place.

rendre to give back ; se rendre to

go, report. •

rengainer to sheathe.

rénitant -e obdurate.

rentrer to reënter, retum.

renverser to throw down.

renvoyer to dismiss, reparaître to reappear.

repas m. meal.

repasser to repass, cross again.

repentir (se) to repent.

répéter to repeat. répondre to reply, answer.

réponse / response, reply.

repos ffi. rest, repose, reposer to place again ; se reposer

to repose, rest.

repousser to repuise, repel.

reprendre to retake, résume, recap<

ture.

représailles / //. revenge, reprise / renewing; à plusieurs

reprises repeatedly.

reprit. See reprendre, reproche /. reproach.

reprocher to reproach.

résoudre to résolve, détermine, ressentir to feel.

resserrer to shut up, restrain.

ressort m. jurisdiction.

ressouvenir (se) de to recollect,

recall.

restaurer to restore, revive, reste m. remainder.

rester to remain, retarder to delay, put off.

retenir to detain, keep.

retirer to draw out; se retirer to

retire, retour m. retum.

retonxner (se) to tum around. retracer to retrace ; se retracer to

remember, call to mind.

retraite f. retreat, refuge, réunir to combine, reunite ; se réunir

to meet.

réveiller to arouse from sleep ; se

réveiller to awaken.

revenir to retum.

revint. See revenir, revoir to see again.

revoir m. next meeting ; au revoir

good-by.

tez-de-chattssée, m. ground floor.

ridicule ridiculous.

rien : ne . . . rien nothing.

rieur m. laugher ; jeerer.

rigueur f, severity.

rire to laugh.

rire m. laughter.

risque m, risk, péril.

rivage m. bank, shore.

rivière /. river, stream. • rixe f. conflict, quarrel.

roche /. rock, rocher m. rock, rôle rôle, part ; à tour de rôle in

tum.

rompre to break, roseau m, rééd.

rôtir to roast.

rouble m. nible, loo kopecks (about

60 cents).

rouler to roU.

rudement violently.

ruisseau m, stream, brook.

ruse /. artifice, trick.

rusé -e sly, cunning, crafty.

russe Russian.

Russie / Russia.

sagesse /. wisdom.

sain -• Sound, safe ; sain et sauf

safe and sound.

saisir to seize, saison /. season.

salé -e salted.

salle /. hall; salie de bal ball-

room.

Salomon m. Solomon.

sang m. blood.

sanglant -e bloody, bleeding.

sans without.

santé /. health.

sapin m. fir-tree.

sau-f -ve safe.

salit m, jump, hop.

sauver to save, rescue ; se sauver

to escape.

savoir to know, know how.

se one's self, himself, herself,

itself, themselves; to one's

self, etc, seau m, bucket, bail, sec, sèche dry.

secourir to succor, rescue, aid.

secours m. succor, relief, secrètement secretly.

sein m. bosom.

séjour m. stay.

sel m. sait ; sel gemme rock-salt.

selle /. saddle.

selon according to. semaine /. "week; par semaine

weekly.

semblable similar, like, such.

sentier m. path.

sentiment m. feeling, sensation, sentir to feel, perceive, smell, hâve

a smell.

VOCABULARY

•éparer to separate, divide; se séparer de to leave.

sept seven.

serment m. oath.

servir to serve ; to be usef ul ; se servir de to use ; servir de siège à to serve as a seat for.

serviteur m, servant.

seuil m, threshold.

seul -e sole, alone.

seulement only ; non seulement . . .

mais encore not only . . . but also.

seulette/. dim. ^seul ail alone.

sévère strict.

si adv. so, thus ; conj. if, whether.

siège m. seat.

sien -ne (le, la) his, hers.

siffler to whistle.

signalement m. personal description.

signe m. mark.

signer to sign ; se signer to cross one's self.

singularité / peculiarity.

singulier, singulière strange, odd.

sinuosité /. winding.

situé -e situated.

société / Company.

sœur /. sister.

soi one's self.

soif / thirst.

soigneusement caref ully.

soir m. evening.

soit be it so ; well ; soit . . . soit either ... or.

soixante sixty; soixante-cinc^ sixtyfive.

sol m. soil, ground.

soleil m. sun.

sombre dark, gloomy.

somme /. sum, amount.

sommeil m. sleepiness, sleep.

sonunet m. summit, ridge.

sommité y! top.

son, sa, ses his, her, its.

son m. Sound.

songer to dream, think.

Sonja a tributary of the Terek.

sonnant -e ringing, sounding.

sort m. lot, fate.

sorte f. kind, sort.

sortir to come out, go out ; to take

out.

souffler to blow.

souffrir to suff er, bear.

souhaiter to wish.

souiller to soil, stain.

soulager to relieve.

soulever to lift, raise up.

soumettre to submit, subject.

soumis -e submissive, subject.

soupçon m. suspicion, distrust, soupçonner to suspect, distnist.

soupçonneu-x -se suspicious.

soupir m. sigh, gasp, groan.

sourd -e deaf, hoUow, rumbling.

sous under.

sous-officier m. non-commissioned

officer.

soutenir to sustain, help, bear.

souterrain m. cave, vault.

soutien m. support, soutint See soutenir, souvenir m. recollection, souvenir (se) de to remember.

souvent often.

su. See savoir, subit -e sudden.

suffir to suffice.

suffisant -e sufficient.

suite f. sequel ; dans la suite con-

sequently.

suivant according to.

suivant -e foUowing, next.

suivre to foUow, fréquent, sujet m. subject, cause, sur about, over, upon.

sûr -e sure, clear.

surcroit m, increase.

sûreté /. safety.

surpasser to surpass, excel.

surprendre to surprise, surtout above ail, especially.

surveiller to watch over, oversee.

suspect -e suspicious.

tftcher to try.

taille /. figure, shape.

tailler to eut, make (a peu).

taire (se) to keep silent. .

tandis que while, whereas.

tant so much, as much, as long, so

many.

tartare of the Tartars.

taxer to charge, accuse.

Tchetchenges. Chechentsi. See

note.

te, t* thee, to thee ; you, to you.

tel -le such ; un tel, une telle, such

a one.

témérité f. temerity, rashness.

témoigner to show, témoin m, witness.

temps m. time, weather; de temps

en temps from time to time.

tendrement tenderly.

tenir to hold, keep.

tenter to tempt, try.

Terek a river in eastcm Russia.

terme m. limit, end, goal.

terrain m. earth, ground.

terrasse/! terrace, roof.

terre y. earth, land.

terroir m. soiL

tête/i head.

tint. See tenir.

tirer to draw, pull out, discharge

(a firearm).

titre m. title, right.

toi thou, thee.

toise/, fathom.

toit m, roof.

tombée de nuit/ nightfall.

tomber to fall.

ton, ta thy, your.

ton m. tone, note, tôt soon.

totalement totally.

toucher to touch.

toujours always.

tour m. tum; à tour de r61e in

rotation, tourment m. torment, pain, tourmenter to torment, torture, tournée/ round, circuit, tourner to tum, tum out, go

around.

tout -e, //. tous ail, whole ; tout à

coup ail of a sudden.

traduire to translate, trahir to betray.

trahison/ treachery.

traîner to drag ; se traîner to crawl,

creep.

tralneur m. straggler.

traite/ distance, joumey.

traitement m, treatment, usage.

VOCABULARY

traiter to treat, handle.

traître m, traitor.

tranquillement quietly, calmly.

travail m, work, labor.

travers m. breadth; à {or de) travers through, across.

traverser to cross, pass over.

treize thirteen.

trente thirty; trente^ois thirtythree; trente-cinq thirty-five.

très very.

triste sad.

trois three.

tromper to deceive.

trop too, too much.

trou m. opening, hole.

trouble m, agitation.

trouver to find ; se trouver to be.

tu thou ; you.

tuer to kill, murder.

tumultueusement in crowds.

turc, turque Turkish.

un -e one, a, an.

unir to unité, usage m. usage, custom.

ustensile m. utensil.

utile usef ul.

va. See aller.

vaincre to conquer, overcome.

vainement vainly.

vallon m. small valley, dale.

valoir to be worth ; valoir mieux to

be better.

vanter (se) to boast.

veau m, calf.

veille/ eve of the day before.

veiller to sit up ; to watch.

venir to come.

venu m, corner.

vers to, toward.

verser to shed.

verste m, verst, about two thirds

of a mile, veuve/, widow.

vie/ life.

vieillard m. old man.

vieux, vieil, vieille old.

ville/, city, town.

vingt twenty.

vingtième twentieth.

violer to violate, break, visage m. face.

vis-à-^s opposite, face to face.

viser to aim, take aim at.

visiter to inspect, come to see.

vitesse/ swiftness.

vitre/ window-pane.

vivant -e living, alivë.

vivement lively, vigorously.

vivre to live.

voilà behold ; there is, there are.

voile m. veil.

voir to see.

voisin -e neighboring, adjacent, voisin m. neighbor.

volage iîckle.

voleu-r -se thievish.

voleur m. thief.

votre your.

vôtre (le, la) yours.

vouloir to wish, be willing ; vouloir

dire to mean.

vous you.

voyage m. joumey.

▼oyagenr m. traveler.

▼rai -e true, real.

▼o. See Yoir.

▼a considering.

▼ne/ sight, view; à vue in sight.

Wladi-Cancase Vladikafkaz. See note*

Wologda, or Vologda a town in northwestem Russia.

y hère, there, to him, to her, to itt

etc. ; il y a. See avoir, yeux. See œil.

zèle m, zeal.