chacun : i.e. chacun des trois états

6. tel : for this use of tel in the sensé of ' many a man,' ' some,'

cf. Racine's well-known line in Les Plaideurs, i. i — Tel qui rit vendretli dimanche pleurera.

Notes 103

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26. 9. il n'y a pas jusqu'aux plus vils artisans qui ne disputent : observe once more the omission of J>as with the second verb (in the subjunctive), and cf. —

»V n'y a pas jusqu'à son frère qui ne le 6/âme, ' his very brother blâmes him. ' 15. Érlvan : a Russian town and govemment in the lieutenancy

of the Caucasus.

22. rendait la Justice : distinguish between r(r«(afr^y«5/iVe, ' to do justice,' and rendre la justice, ' to administer justice.'

26. I. s'il eût été : remember that the pluperfect is the only tense

of the subjunctive that niay be used after si, and that, in such a case, it may alvvays l>e replaced by the indicative. 2. du grrand Moghol : the title given to the sovereigns of the Mogul Empire in India, which was founded in 1526 by Suhan Baber, a descendant of l'amerlane. The last Mogul einperor, Mohammed Bahadur Shah, died at Rangoon a British state prisoner in 1862. gra-rdes, piques : distinguish between lézarde and la garde, le pique and la pique.