ENCYCLICAL LETTER OF HIS HOLINESS LEO XIII, BY DIVINE PROVIDENCE POPE
Lo our Venerable Brothers the Patriarchs, Primates, Lrehbishops, Bishops, ind other Ordinaries in Peuce and Com il ion
with the Holy See, LEO SITE POPE.
VENERABLE BROTHERS, Health and Apostolic Blessing :
The serious disputes which for some time past, and in more than one nation, have disturbed men’s minds, ar increasing every day in force and warmth in such way as to give food for thought and anxiety to all thinking men. These disputes have had their origin in false philosophieal and moral principles which have been only too widely diffused. Modern industrial inventions, the increased rapidity of communication and the marvelous increase of labor-saving and wealth-producing machinery have, under the eireumstances, but served to embitter the conflict. Finally, through the guilty aims of the turbulent, the strife between the rieh and the proletariat has become envenomed to such a point that States, already disturbed by frequent upheavals, are menaced with the greatest misfortunes.
From the very beginning of Our Pontifieate We pointed out the gravity of the danger which then threatened society, and deemed it ineumbent upon Us to warn Cathohes solemnly against the serious errors contained in the theories of socialism, and of the ruinous effects which they were destined to provoke—etteets disastrous
IT EG [die OPE,
vhs, Primates,
‘om Hc Hn o01d
ne past, and in ns minds, ar th in such way to all thinking in in false phiive. been only inventions, the the marvelous ing machinery to embitter the s of the turburoletariat has States, already aced with the
ontifieate We ch then threaton Us to warn rors contained ruinous effects ects disastrous
no less to the prosperity of life than to the cause of mo rality and religion. This was the scope of the encyclical (Quod. Apostolici Mu Heris of Decemb v 28, 1878. Later on, seeing that the same dangers :
re “nereasing continually, and prod ne more and n
nurt to publie and private society, We made further provision and returned
» the subject W |l possible forethought. In the en eyclical Rerum Novar of M ty 15, 1891, We tr at leneth of riehts ! duties about which it wa expedient that the two social classes of capital and labor should mutually agree and We showed that
those remedies which are provided by the teachings of the Gospel, and which seemed to Us to be sovereignly efficacious for the defence of the cause of justice and. religion and the removal of all conflict between th ditterent ranks of citizens.
Nor, thank God, was Our confidence mistaken. Even those who dissent from Catholies. yielding to the evidence of facts, frankly deelared that to the ( hurch justly belongs the eredit of looking providently to the welfare of all social classes, and especially of the outeast lies, too, derive no small profit from Our eou matter of fact they derive from them com mulus for excellent undertakings, and still light necessary for continuing with ereatei certainty and success in their investigations in this branch of study. The result has been that the dissens is. that
Cathosels. Asa
' and stierive the
existed among them have either ceased or become less acute. Among the practical effects which ha been insured by persevering adhesion to Our eounsels to be
numbered the introduction and extension of man useful institutions, such as those aids rendered to the unlettered through what are known as popular secretariates, rural banks, co-operative and insurance societies, workingmen's elubs, and other such societies and associations designed to look after the interests of the especially in those distriets where they were most gleeted.
oor, 110:
In this way, then, there was inaugurated among Catholies, under the auspices of the Church, a common ground of activity and an active movement on behalf of the people, who have so often to struggie not only with poverty and misfortune but with the snares and dangers that are put in their way. This species of popular beneficence was not at first known by any special name, because the terms ‘“ Christian socialism " and “ Christian socialists " which some individuals sought to introduce, have rightly fallen into desuetude. Sinee then some have thought of deseribing it under the name of “ popular Christian Action ;” in certain places those who take an interest in movements of the kind call themselves “ social Christians : " in others the movement itself is known as the * Christian Demoeracy,” and those who take part in it as “ Christian Democrats, " in eontradistinetion to the “ social Democracy,’ advocated by the ' latter titles the second, that of the * Christian Democracy,” if not the first of “social Christians, " has an evil sound for many good people, because it seems to hide something ambiguous and dangerous. They ground their fears on many reasons. They believe that in this way the movement may hide a political purpose to put the power into the hands of the people and so promote this particular form of government instead of others already existing ; but the movement by concentrating itself on the welfare of the populace and setting aside all the interests of the other classes, seems to limit the aetion of the Christian religion ; and finally, that an attempt is mad under a specious name to hide in a manner the design of withdrawing themselves from the control of legitimate auth, rity in the civil and ecclesiastical order In view of the faet that such disputes are here and there con ducted with acrimony, We feel it Our duty to put an end to the controversy, and to draw up au certain rule for Catholies in the matter: We also propose to lay down
= ae cet e a a Tae els 2 un at
‘ socialists. "^ Of these two
‘rated among Cajhureh, a common ement on behalf struggle not only the snares and This speeies of
t known by any ristian socialism ' some individuals allen into desueht of deseribing ian Áetion; in ‘st in movements istians ; "^ in others Christian Democit as “ Christian e “ social Demoe- Of these two thristian Democans, " has an evil it seems to hide They ground their that in this way urpose to put the | so promote this of others already trating itself on r aside all the inte t the aetion of the attempt is mad:
aner the design of itrol of legitimate order In view and there eon ur duty to put an p oa certain raul 'opose to lay down
ai
certain lines which will render their action broader and far and away more advantageous for society.
There can be no doubt as to the aims of * social demoeraey, ' or as to those for which it is clear that the " Christian Democracy " is striving, The former, even though all who belong to it do not indulge in the same excesses, is by many carried to such evil lengths as not to take any account of the super-natural order. It seeks only eorporal and earthly goods, and to the aequisition and enjoyment of these it limits all human happiness, It wants the government to be put in the hands of the masses, so that elusses may be as far as possible levelled away and economie equality thereby promoted. | Henee it tends to suppress all rights of property and to put everything in common—the patrimony of private individuals, and even the very implements necessary for gaining livelihood. The “ Christian Democraev, ". on the other hand, from the very faet that it ealls itself Christian, is necessarily based on the principles of faith, and in looking alter the welfare of the lower “lasses it always endeavors to promote moral perfeetion in the order of those eternal blessings for which thev were created. For it, therefore, justice is absolutely inviola ble; it must maintain the right to the acquisition and possession of property and protect the interests of the different classes, whieh are necessary members of a wellconducted society—in a word. it requires that relations between man and man must retain the form and charaeter God, their author, gave them. It follows. then, that between the social and the Christian Demoeraey there is nothing in common, and that there is the same diffe rence between them as between socialism and Christiunit\,
But no political tendeney must be given to the Christ ian Democracy, For, although, the word * democracv considered etymologically und philosophicaily is used to indicate one forin of popular government, still in the
present state all political signitieanee should be set aside
and the word should have no other meaning than that of beneficent Christian action on behalf of the people, The precepts of nature and of the Gospel, transcending as they naturally do mere human facts, must not be dependent on any one particular form of civil govern, ment, but may harmonize with all, provided they be not in opposition with the principles of honesty and justice. They are therefore, above and beyond party questions and the mutability of events, so that however society be ruled, citizens can and should obey those preeepts which enjoin upon us to love God above all things and our neighbor as ourselves. This is the constant diseipline of the Church, and on this basis the Roman Pontifts have always treated with States, whatever their form of government, This being so, the scope and action of Ca tholies who aim at promoting the welfare of the masses absolutely must not prefer any one form of government in preference to another
In like manner it is necessary to separate from the idea of the Christian Democracy that other anomaly Which consists in making it full of zeal for the welfare of the lower classes, and yet, neelect the Upper although they are of no less Importance for the preservation and perfection of society This is prov ided for hy the jaw of Christian charity to which We have alluded, and Ww ich commands us to inelude all mankind without « kee ption inasmuch as they form part of one and the same Faniily are the sons of the one most lov Ine Father, redeemed hy the same Saviour and called to the same eternal inhert tance For the A postle tenelies and admonishes * one body and one spirit, as ve are called in one hope of your calling, One Lord, one faith, oue Baptism, One God ind Father of all, wio is above all, and through all, and in us all. " (Ephes. tv., 4-6.) Henee through the natural union of the masses with the classes, rendered still eloser by the spirit of Christian fraternity, all the wood that is done for the people at large redounds also to the advant age of the latter: and this is all the more true thasmueh
| i LE!
neaning than that ehalf of the people.
spel, transcending acts, must not be rin of civil governrovided they be not onesty and justice.
d party questions however society be hose precepts which Il things and our constant discipline ie Roman Pontifts atever their form of ie and action of Ca are of the misses
m of government
separate from the that other ar omaly al for the welfare the upper, although e preservation and
ed for by the jay M
alluded, and which without « xceeption id the same family, 'ather, redeemed hy ime eternal inher admonishes ^ One in one hope of your aptism. One God nd through all, and irough the natural rendered still eloser all the wood that is | ulso to the advant
nore true thasmueh
ex
as the help of the classes is, as We shall proceed to explain, advisable and necessary in order to attain the end in view,
All must likewise be on their guard against seeking to veil under the name of Christian Democracy principles of insubordination or opposition to levitimate authority. Natural as well as Christian law enjoins respect for the different civil powers and obedience to their just eonmands This should be viven sincerely and out of a spirit of duty, that is, conscientiously, as becomes a man and a Christian, conformably to the teachings of the Apostle : * Let every soul be subject to the higher power — (tons. XIII. 1-55 Verv different from this Christian spirit is the conduct of all who refuse to sub mit to those who are elothed with authority in the Church and in the first place to the Bishops Whom, dependently on the universal authority of the Roman Pont- IE «this Holy Ghost has appointed to feed the Church of God pureh sed bv Hlm with His own blood.” ( Nets XX., 28.) Any one who thinks and nets differently shows that heh iS lorcotten the solemn precept of the Apostle :
Obey them that rule over vou and be subject to them:
for they wateh over you as being obliged to render an account of vour soul. ^ (Hebr. xu, 17.) Words these that all the faithful should Impress deeply on their hearts and seek to put into practice in. their conduet. Now more. than ever, it behooves priests to weieh them well and ünceastniuls Ineuieate them upon others hy their example as well is then preaching
Vid now, after touching upon these points of doctrine \\ hich We have on other OCCASTONS is erreumstanees re quired, treated formally and in greater detail We hope that there Hany be an end to all strife about the name of Christian Democracy and to all suspicion of danger as LO ICS lonificanes It is with reasou We hope SO be cause, apart from those opinions as to the nature and effects of the Christian Democracy whieh are not alto gether free from exaggeration and error nobody surely
can blame a movement which aims, in harmony with nature and the divine law, only to make less hard the lot of those who live by the sweat of their brow 89 that they may little by little suceeed in insuring the necessaries of life. When that end is attained they are able with their families and in publie to fulfill freely their moral and religious duties; to feel that they are not brutes but men, not pagans but Christians ; to turn more aasily and with greater ardor to " the one thing necessary, that is to say to the supreme good for which we have been created. Such is to be the programme and such the scope of those who desire in a truly Christian spirit to furnish timely assistance to the masses and save them from the pest of socialism.
We have studuously touched on the question of moral and religious duties in this place. For there are some who proclaim and lead many to believe that the so-called ‘social question " is purely * economical, " whereas it is perfectly certain that it is mainly a moral and religious question, and therefore one to besol edaccording to moral and religious laws. Double the workingman’s wages if you will, diminish his hours of labor, lower the price of foodstuffs; but if you allow him to steep himself in certain doetrines, as only too often happens. and to take pattern by certain examples which encourage him to divest himself of the respect due to God and to plunge into corrupt morals—-if you do this all his labor and all his substance will go for nothing. The experience of every day teaches us that a great many workingmen, whose hours are short and pay large, live, as a rule, in deplorable misery when their lives are depraved and void of religion, Take from the mind of the workingman those sentiments which are the fruit of a Christian education: take away forethought, moderation, thrift, patience and other such moral virtues which reason itself dictates to us, and you will see that any efforts, however great, you may make to obtain for him the comforts of life, will be worthless. And this is the real reason why We have
in harmony with nake less hard the their brow 89 that suring the necessaed they are able ulfill freely their that they are not Hans ; to turn more » one thing necessood for which we | programme and a truly Christian he masses and save
question of moral r there are some that the so-called cal, " whereas it is oral and religious according to moral man's Wages if you r the price of foodiumself in certain nd to take pattern ge him to divest d to plunge into s labor and all his «perience of every 'orkingmen, whose a rule, in. deploraved and void of workingman those iristian education:
rift, patience and . itself dictates to imowever great, you orts of life, will be p why We have
never yet exhorted Catholies to found societies and institutions for securing a better future for the Inasses, without at the same time recommending that they be founded under the auspices of religion and strengthened by its continuous support.
The beneficent activity of Catholies in the interests ot the masses is regarded as all the more praiseworthy by Us, inasmuch as it is*exercised in the same field in which charity, according to the exigencies of the time, always worked aetively and suc essfully under the loving inspiration of the Church. This law of mutual charity, which is almost a perfection of that of justice, imposes the obligation not only of giving every one his due and not trespassing on the rights of Any one, but also that of helping one another, © not only in word and with the tongue, but in deed and in truth " (John h Hp B, 18): reminding us of the sentence whieh Christ lovingly addressed to His disciples : * A new commandment. 1 give you, that you love one another as I have loved you. By this all men shall know that you are my disciples if you love one another " (John xii. 5).
This zeal for mutual help, even though it be mainly exercised for the eternal welfare of men s souls, must not be by any means oblivious of the needs and comforts of life. “ It must be remembered that when the disciples of the Bapt st asked of Christ : Arv th. ^ he that is to conie, or wait we for another ? ” He. in order to show the motive of the mission intrusted to Him among mankind, proceeded to speak of charity, reminding them of the prophecy of Isaiah: “ The blind see, the lame walk lepers are cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead rise again, the poor have the Gospel preached to them ” (Matth. x1. 5.) And speaking of the last judgment and of the distribution of rewards and punishments, He declared that He would have a special regard for that charity with Which men treat one another. On this occasion, it is worthy of remark that he was silent about spiritual works of charity, and mentioned only those that referred
HM
th
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Mmm cres quc mm de
ortam Lime ment
to the body, accounting them as done to Hinself: * f was hungry, and you gave Me to eat : thirsty, and you gave Me to drink za Stranger, and you took Me in, nuked and vou clothed Me: sick, and you visited Me: T son, and you came to Me " (Matth. XXV., 30-00) Christ to these teachings of twofold charity spiritual and corporal, added examples from H s own conduet and we all know how luminous they are. How sweet it is to remember that ery which burst forth from His paternal heart: * Misereor super turbam ; I have COM pas sion on the multitude” (Mark viti 2): and His readiness to help those in need of SUuccor evel with miracles
| pri-
Hence that eulogy of His mercifulness : : He went about doing good and healing all who were opressed by the devil. Chote X. 383) Thu Apostles from the very be
winning carried out those principles of charity With hoy zeal, and those who after them embraced the Christ Ian faith founded Institutions of various kinds for the alleviation of the miseries oft eir neighbor. Sue) institutions have gone orn Increasing continually, and are to day a brilliant and eharaeteristie ornament of Christia nity and of the civilization to whieh it has viven rise : SO that all fair minded men are tilled With admiration for them, especially considering that people are so much inclined to consult their own interests and not to trouble about those of others.
Among these forms of beneficence must be included that of eiving money in alins, for Christ has said: “tive alms of Ww hat vou have over and above. à Socialists con demn this and would suppress it as degrading to the in born nobility of man. But w hen alis are given according to the spirit of the Gospel and in a Christian way they do uot foster the pride of those Who vive hor cause shame to those who receive. Besides, so far is it from being true that the receiving of alms is unworthy of man, that it actually serves to draw closer the bonds of human society by promoting mutual kindness, — For no one 18 so rich as not to be in need of anybody, and no
9 3) Himself: E:
thirsty, and vou took Me in, niked ited Me; in pri- V., 20-230. ) charity, spiritual OWn Conduet and How sweet it js h from His pat- I have compasand His readiness en with miracles, He went about opressed by the rom the very be ehavity with hoty Wd the Christian nds for the alle- ’. Such instituive and üre- fO nent of Christia has civen rise :
with admiration ople are so much nd not to trouble
ust. be included t has said: Give " Socialists eon ‘adiny to the im elven according stian Way they O0 vive lior cause far is it from | is unworthy of er the bonds of ndness For lio
ybody, and no
one so poor as not to be able to help others in something. It is in the very nature of things that men should confidently and kindly ask and receive help from one another. Indeed, it is in this way that justice and eharity linked tovether, like equity and gentleness in Christ, so wonderfully embrace the whole organism of human society, and provident ially guide its members to the attainment of their individual and common welfare.
Praiseworthy, too, is that form of charity which occupies itself not merely with teniporary assistance, but finds its scope in permanent institutions; for thus the needy have & more solid and a more lasting source of relief. Still more commendable are all efforts to infuse à spirit of thrift and prudence among artisans and work men Which will enable them to provide, at least in part, during their Working years, for their own needs later on. This, on the one hand. lightens the burdens of the rich with regard to the masses : and, on the other, confers a certain dignity on the masses themselves, because. while stimulating them to prepare for themselves a more comfortable future, it removes them from different kinds of dangers, restrains them from the exeesses of their passions and tends to promote moral living. Since, then, such a poliey is so conspicuously useful and adapted to present conditions, it is of the greatest importance that elio eharity of the wood should be prudently and vigilantly active in promoting it
Be it clearly understood then. that this movement. of Catholies on behalf of the masses is in perfeet harmony with the spirit of the Church and admirably reflects the examples she has always given It is of small moment whether the different branches of this movement be known comprehensively under the name of “ Popular Christian Action” or under that of *( ‘hristian Democracy, " provided the lines laid. down by us be observed with due obedience and in their inteurity On the other hand, it is of the very greatest importanee that ina matter of such moment the efforts of Ca
tholies be characterized by unity of aim, purpose and action, Nor is it less important that such action increase and expand by the multiplication of men and means, Certainly, the road to be traversed will be the broader and shorter the wore manifold and intense in the cooperation of the best classes of citizens. We would have them remember that they are not free to look after the interests of those below them or not, but that they are really bound to do so. The citizen does not live for himself alone—he must live for the community, also; and that meed of support which some are unable to contribute to the common weal must be supplied by others with greater abundance.
The seriousness of this duty is revealed in the very superiority of the blessings whieh they have received and for which they will have to render a more rigorous account to the God who gave them: it is revealed in the presence of that mass of evils which might later on prove disastrous to all classes of society if not remedied in time, and the man who refuses to oeeupy himself with the cause of the suffering masses is acting against his own Interests as well as those of the community.
There is really no reason to fear that the spread and success of this social Christian moveiient will draw away the sap of other institutions, whieh have been handed down to us through the piety and forethought of other generations, and are now flourishing after a long existence ; or that these will be absorbed in new institution, and disappear. On the contrary, both the one and the other, from the fact that they are based on the same spirit of religion and eharity and are not by any means repugnant by their nature to one another, may very well agree together and harmonize so well as to provide for the neeessities of the masses and werd off the danvers which are every day becoming more eminent, even
i better than they would separately, owing to the mutual stimulus in. well-doing.
The bitter reality cries and eries aloud the necessity
aim, purpose and th action increase nen and means, Il be the broader ense in the co-
We would have to look after the ut that they are ; not live for himunity, also; and unable to contriplied by others
led in the very ey have received 4 more rigorous is revealed in the "ht later on prove not remedied in upy himself with ing against his munity.
the spread and it will draw away ve been handed thought of other era long existnew institution, the one and the ed on the same ot by any means ther, may very ell as to provide rd off the danre eminent, even i to the mutual
id the necessity
of union and courage, because we are now face to face with too appalling a combination of woes and dreadful menaces of disastrous upheavals ; especially through the increase lit the number of socialists, They are covertly insinuating themselves into the hearts of States, in the darkness of secret gatherings, and in the light of day, by conference and writings they are rousing the multitudes to revolt, rejecting all the restraints of religion, they are silent about duties and expatiate only on rights, and thus inflame the ever growing ranks of the needy, whose misery reuders them more liable to be duped and led into error. Here we have to deal with the supreme interests of society and religion, and all good men should take it upon themselves as a sacred duty to defend the honor of both.
If harmony, of whieh We have just spoken, is to have the desired stability it is essential that we should abstain from all those questions which irritate and divide. It will be well, therefore, to avoid in newspaper articles and popular lectures those subtle and practically useless controversies which ean hardly ever be settled and which can only be rightly understood by persons of considerable capacity and no common culture. Human weakness compels men to remain in doubt about many things and frequently to conflict in their opinions ; but those who seek the truth honestly should in the uncertainty of conflicting views preserve their equanimity, modesty and mutual regard ; and, though ditlering in opinion, continue to be of one heart. And whatever Opinion a man may hold in a question whieh is still open to doubt, he should always be ready to yield with religious obedience to the deeisions of the Apostolie See.
Catholie action will certainly exercise a broader in- Huence if all the societies through whieh it works will, while preserving each its own autonomy, move under the impulse of one common foree !n Italy We wish to see this foree represented by the Association of Catholie Congresses and Committee, which has several times al-
ns cu TI DR — — — AP
ready merited Our commendation, and to whieh Our
Predecessor and Ourself have intrusted the direetion of
the Catholic movement; always, of course, with the countenance and guidance of the bishops. Let the same be done in other countries which possess some main soeiety of the same kind which may be legitimately charged with this funetion.
There ean be no doubt as to the duty of the ministers of religion to interest themselves in à movement concerning things which are directly bound up with the interests of the Chureh and of the Christian people, and of the value which their manifold qualitications of learning, prudence and charity will bring to the work. More than once We, Ourself, addressing ecclesiasties, have thought it well to point out to them that the time has come for them to go to the people and work with them, and for them — Frequently, too, and quite recently, We have in letters addressed to bishops and other ecelesiasties, extolled this affectionate sollicitude for the people, and deseribed it as l elongring to the province of the two classes of clerev. All, however, mus comport themselves with great caution and prudence in. the working of these movements and be careful to take pattern by the example of the saints. Francis, the poor and humble, Vincent de Paul, the father of the unhappy, and many others in all ages of the Chureh, have always so regulated their assiducus solicitude for the poor, and they never indulged in intemperate activity or forgot themselves, but applied themselves with undiminished ardor to the perfection of the spirit,
And here We are pleased to set before you somewhat more explicitly one phase of activity in whieh not only ecclesiastics, but all friends of the people may, without any great difficulty, take a very useful part. It consists in ineuleating with fraternal affection on the minds of the people these admonitions : That they should be ever on their guard against riots and the riotous, show inviolable respect for the rights of others, work willingly and
and to whieh Our ed the direction of course, with the ops. Let the same ess some main solegitimately char-
ty of the ministers li a@ movement eonund up with the ristian people, and difieations of learno the work. More ecelesiasties, have hat the time has i work with them, uite recently, We nd other ecelesiaside for the people, rovinee of the two ust eomport them ein the working to take pattern by e poor and humble, iappy, and many ve always so regu- » poor, and they ty or forgot themdiminished ardor
re you somewhat n which not only ople may, without | part. It consists | on the minds of ley should be ever otous, show invioork willingly and
with all due respect for their empl ot peri themselves to become disgusted with domestic lite, whieh is so fruitful in blessings ; and, above all things, practice their religion, from which they will derive the vreatest comfort in all the trials of life. Such workers have an excellent means of attaining their end in pointing out the perfect example of the Holy Fiunily of Nazareth, recommending the people to its protection and holding it up as models to those whose miserable lot in life wus Use as it means of attainine the heights of perfection, and finally, by fostering the hope of the reward reserved for us in a better life.
We shall now conclude by insisting once again on a Warning which We have already given. Let individuals as Wel as society remember that in putting into effect any deliberations connected with the present purpose, they owe entire obedience to the authority of the bishops. Let them not permit themselves to be led away by à certain kind of headlong charity, which, when it attempts to minimize the obligation of obedience, is not sincere, nor productive of solid utility—not pleasing to God. The Almighty is pleased with those who. sacrificing their private opinions, pay heed to the prelates of the Church as to Himself, and He will be Opitious to their undertakings, however arduous these may be, and in His woodness bring them to the desired fruition. Let them illustrate these admonitions with examples of virtue
and especially of those virtues in which the Christian shows himself to be the enemy of idleness and pleasure, the benevolent dispenser of what he has over and above to others, and beyond the reach of the attacks of misfortune, Such examples are of the greatest efficacy in infusing a salutary stimulus into the minds of the people, and this influence derives additional Weight when the citizens in whom such virtues shine forth are held in esteem by those We are addressing.
Such Venerable Brothers. are the counsels We urge you to put into practice with all the diligence and. soli-
citude which belongs to you, as cireumstances of time and place may dictate ; and upon them We wish you to consult together in your eustomary meetings. Let your diligence aud your authority be felt by your ruling, restraining and resisting, and be especi ially ewreful to prevent the vigor of ecclesiastical discipline from being weakened and the order which Christ iniused into His Church disturbed, under the pretext of doing good.
Let the honest, harmonious and progressive work of all Catholies show forth more brihantly than ever that the peace and prospe rity of the people flourish espec ially under the direction and with the favor of the ( ‘hureh, to which belongs the holv task of admi mishing all of their duty according to the precepts of ( mee mity, of drawing rich and poor closer together | fraternal charity, of uplifting and strengthe ning men's minds in time of adversity.
Let that exhortation, so full of Apostolic charity, which St. Paul addressed to the Romans, give foree to
Our admonitions and desires: “ I beseech you... that ye be reformed in the newness of your mind... Let him who mak over to others part of his own do so with simplicity let him who presides be solicitous, and
him who does works of merey do them in joyfulness. Love without deceit. Hating evil and cleaving to good : loving one another with brotherly charity : in is pre ferring one another: not slothful in solieitude ; re: joieing in hope : patient in tribulation; instant in Dun r: distributing to the necessities of the saints; following hospitality. Rejoice with them that rejoice : weep with them that weep. Be of the same mind to one another, not returning evil for evil; providing good things not only before God, but before all men. " (Xxtr., 1-17.)
In pledge of these blessings upon you Vene rable Brothers, and upon the clergy ' and people intrusted to you. We grant you the Apostolic B lessing in the Lord with a most loving heart.
J CX M ‘ ü
eee Given at Rome, at Nt, Peter’s, on the Itl; of dex anees of time uary, in the vear 1901. tl ; walls Y . À , : € ' * le "d , v ‘ i Ve wish you to ifieate twenty third of Our Pont
ngs. Let your our ruling, res- "weful to preine. from being used into His oing good,
sive work of than ever that urish especially f the Church, nonishing all of ‘hristianity, of | fraternal ehas minds in time
LEO XIII. POPE
ostolie charity, give foree to ch you... that ind... Let him wn do so with solicitous, and m in joyfulness.
eaving to good :
rity : in honor n solieitude ; re:
stant in prayer:
unts; following jiee : weep with o one another, ood things not it, 1-14.) Venerable Brontrusted to you.
the Lord with a
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‘Rete
Gième Série— No. 16.
ÁKoYU
CIRCULAIRE AU CLERGE
Tout à Jésus per Mari
DODHIF des CŒUTrTSs
ARCHEVECHE p YTITAWA, le 13 avril 1901.
Itinéraire de la Visite pastorale, Formule de consecration au S. C de Jésns,
CHERS CoorÉRnATYI RS,
A la suite de la presente vous trouverez l'itinéraire de niu Visite pastorale
Ceux d'entre VOUS
qui doivent la recevoir voudront bien relire ce qui ;
a été ordonné à différentes épo
siete} LU MER
ques, afin de tout preparer comme il convient: ils sap Pliqueront à faire de mieux en mieux comprendre à leurs paroissieus Piriportance de la visite du premier pasteur du diocèse : ils les exhorteront à vagner lindul
ete = mie x»
neice prentere qui y est attachée,
Personne ne pourra jamais avoir trop de dévotion au sSacré-Cceur de Jésus. Leur zèle doit porter les pasteurs à enflamimer de plus en plus les cœurs de l'amour de cet aimable ecour,
Parler souvent du Sacré Cœur est un grand moyen à employer dans ee but; il ne faut pas se lasser d'y re eourtir.
Un autre moyen est de faire renouveler. de temps à autre, par les fideles, leur consécration à ee divin Cœur
Pour vous faciliter ce moyen, je règle quà l'avenir, apres le premier morceau de chant au salut du Saint Sacrement, le premier vendredi de chaque mois, on devra réciter à haute voix la formule de consécration suivant laquelle "m.s le Pape Léon NIII avait ordouné que st fit la consécration du genre humain au Sacré-Cœur. 25 mai 1899, à la suite de In cireulnire No 67, 5ieme série),
(voir Encveli ue d ntt SCT du à |
de vous adresse un exemplaire de cette formule Vous voudrez bien la coller sur un fort carton. pour Vous en servir en temps opportun
Je demeure, Chers Coopérateurs, votre dévoué ser viteur
+ J.-THOMAS, Archev. d'Ottaw
fes p Pn e ae ^ onvient: ils sap VIS! I E 1 ISCOPALE IX comprendre a 1901.
isite du premier
à vagner indul |. N..D. de la Merci de Muberdean. 3, 4, 5, juin.
2. N.-D. de Montfort... .. cic Dy Of E E Adolph ide Howard . 2 : = te EN ‘4 - = t+, Sle. Aqgathe-di s- Monts . : SN UV 10 66 ) à vot Lt - ' = ir ) , ’
p di d vocion au «n Doi lle Montcalm 10, Ht. €i ter les pasteurs 0. M. lamin T 19 ie 1 + E : " 5 , ^ a4 le l'amour de eet ls La I2, 13. 14 B
- ; , Ou uS. dVovati I4, ] 16 T , ~ | v rand moven a 4, 40! neention 16, li IS, HS se lasser d'v re Otto 10, La:N itivite dela D.V NI de Lah: 26, ) «— 40, LA ? I ' ey da) eler de temps él ll. Z'Am newtliorn 98. 29. 64 15a ‘ 12, L'Ascensioi 290. 20 e | ee divin Cœur EE zm 29, oU, ^. 1 : ET oOnCitilir "90 . . :
le quà lavenir, .—HMHDInoion OU, 1, juillet 5 = ot 13, Ste, | roniqu | m salut du Saint : | : :
. ; | 4 » itna du Yom / 4 ) | ue te mols, on devra :
: Ld, 8 í 1/4 l ' { ) E ecration suivant li € b ae , 4) h cl ICOIS REGIS ) 6 UL » ? LI à ^U \ ‘ d ; ordon IK qu r L7. LE | aum idi du X pida d, au Saere-Coeur, fg 8, (à - be :
i : ; , - . | s ' , >) mai 1890, a la IS, N du I. S, Sacrement de Ferme. PA i Ve, = i [E cette formule Nr), de | ourviere du Æanide à Ort carton, pour /, €) Ht E 5 T (rere l de Montag 10 m tre devoue ser J ELTE LFonutinain 10, EE “i \ j , 0. AND Lei H. HE 35 à ; N I? Ct | Grardi cle Val is Ld, 14, ‘ v. d'Ottaw "M. V.D, dela Saleti, 14, 15, 16 my 2, S, Louis de 7% n I8, 17. T / / { We fol i ]^ ‘4 4 et Eli ^'abeth de Cun! | ER }, t ^ 5. Etienne d'Old Chelsea l^ I a : f V (etin nu) ^] M) sé V d Camille di Lellis de fa relton + À 20, $6 ad e Martin di Martiuda í 8) 9.1 64 y «1, YU Litt ^ Mari | on. ít
|l. La Visitation de Gracefield...... .. 12, 13, 14 août. 32. L'Assomption de Maniwaki. ...... I4, 15, 16 or 33. Ste. Philomene de Montcerf....... 16, 17, d oE.-w Boniaee.——-—-—————— a cs 35. Ste. Famille. EA Bee le) ue 96. S. Cajetan... íi uates decl e 19, 90. e
L'Assomption de Maniwaki.... ... 20, di cé oT. S; Gabriel de Bouchette = = HAE 22, 20 =
N. B.—Le nom du bureau de poste de chaque loealité est en ilaliques.
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