to have soon succeeded in: avoir tdt fait de. 2. that is
why: voila pourquoi. 38. whether it be ...or...: que ce soit...ou... 4 exact (compel) payment: se faire indemniser.
The fox is the most cunning animal that has ever lived. The ancients told tales of his intelligence and craftiness.! Nearer
our own times La Fontaine, the great fable-writer ? of France, who lived three hundred years ago, includes * in his work 4 many fables which show the cunning ° of the fox, and also show that Master Reynard was a bit of a philosopher. For example, when he wanted grapes and couldn’t reach them, he consoled himself by saying that they were sour.’ In another fable the fox tells the cat * that he has a thousand tricks ° to escape the dogs. Poor Puss " is terrified because she has but one trick ; and if it doesn’t work,” the dogs will catch her. When the dogs do come,’ her one trick is to climb a tree. This she does, and is safe. But the fox’s thousand tricks do not aid him; and from the tree the cat sees him killed by the dogs.
1Vartifice. le fabuliste. *comprendre. ‘1’ceuvre. ®la ruse, Vastuce. quelque peu philosophe. ‘aigre. ®la chatte (represented in the fable as feminine). °le tour. 1° échapper, int., with de or a. 1 Minette. 2 réussir. 13 Say, “‘actually come”; the so-called emphatic form in English does not exist in French.
INGENIEURS ET ARCHITECTES Idioms
1. give up a habit: renoncer a une habitude. 2. it is credible; one can believe: c’est acroire. 3. notin condition to last: hors d’état de durer. 4. a thorough housecleaning: un nettoyage 4 fond. 5. opening upon, facing towards: donnant sur. 6. to get the best of it: remporter Vavantage. 7. allow one’s self to be killed, get one’s self killed: se faire tuer.
Some of the pleasantest hours of my life I have passed watching! beavers. I first saw beavers near a lake in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. I was camping? with only one companion on this exquisite Caledonia Lake,’ overlooking * the valley of the great river Athabaska. During the day we fished for ® the beautiful rainbow trout,® so called because they have along their sides 7 a broad stripe glittering * with ® colors. It was fishing of the most exciting sort.!? Never in my life have I seen sunsets so marvelous as those. In the perfect calm” of the evening, when every mountain and every lovely cloud ap-
peared inverted ™ in the still water, we would go?® to the head of the lake. Soon the beavers would appear and begin to feed 1° on the leaves and buds " of the waterlilies !* which were blooming !* everywhere around us. I had always supposed that beavers ate only bark ; but these beavers would eat several lily buds and then a leaf or two to complete the salad! 7° When it became dark,”! they would strike the water with a resounding ” blow of their flat tail and disappear. Very early one morning I found one in the forest away from the water and photographed him.
len regardant. *camper. *Lac Calédonie. ‘avoir vue sur. 5 pécher, ir. la truite 4 V’arc-en-ciel. "le cété. ‘&briller. , ®de. 10La péche était on ne peut plus animée. 1 soleils couchant.
calme plat. ‘'renversé. “tranquille. 1° What tense? '!se nourrir de. ‘la pousse. 18%le nénuphar. 1! fleurir. la salade. 21s’obscurcir. ™retentissant. 3 éloigné de.
BUVEURS DE SANG Idioms
1. to trade for: troquer contre. 2. as the legend has it: comme le croit (veut) la légende. 3. fan with his wings: battre desailes. 4. as far as I have been able: autant que j’aie pu. 5. there is no known instance: il est sans exemple. 6. J had gone to bed: je m’étais couché. 7. I was in bed: j’étais couché. 8. it was not the same with: il n’en fut pas de méme pour. 9. itis beyond doubt: il est hors de doute.
The vampire is a bat that feeds exclusively on blood. He, like the fox, is a real sneak-thief. The vampire is dangerous, too, because, though he does not kill his victims, both men and animals become weak from loss of blood, and therefore less resistant to tropical diseases.! It is surprising that the vampire never wakens his victim when he bites, and that the bite itself causes no pain.? But the bats’ teeth are excessively sharp,®? and so there is no tearing? of the tissues; and the tropical nights are so warm that the soft ® fanning ® of the vampires’ wings is soothing to the sleeper. But it must be a strange sensation, to awaken, soaked with blood. Men in the
jungle have very little protection against vampires. The nights are so terribly hot that it is absolutely necessary to sleep in a hammock outdoors’ or under a simple shed ® without walls and it is not difficult for a bat to slip ° under a mosquito-net.!
1 maladies. Ja douleur. 3 tranchant. 4]e déchirement. 5 doux. 5 le battement. 7 au dehors. 8 Pabri. 9 se glisser. 10 la moustiquaire.
SAUTEURS ET BOXEURS Idioms
1. face an enemy: faire faced un ennemi. 2. a boxing match: une partie de boxe. 3. remain sitting: se tenir assis. 4. to the credit of: a actif de. 5. I could not say whether: je ne saurais dire si. 6. besides, furthermore: en outre.
Formerly kangaroos were jumping, hippety-hop,! all over 2 Australia. But that was before Nature’s greatest enemy — civilized man, so-called — had arrived in that extraordinary island, where everything ® is different from what exists everywhere else.*’ Although the kangaroo has four legs, he only uses two of them for moving * from place to place. The other two,® which are more like arms, really seem to be of little use to him. He can readily be trained to box with them.
Kangaroos are all marsupials ; that is to say, they carry their little ones in a pouch upon the lower part of their body. It must be interesting to see these pretty little things hopping 7 about,® and at the first sign of danger scurry away ° to their mother’s pouch, from which they look comically out. The natives used to hunt them with that strange weapon, the boomerang. This is a crooked club™ which they throw with astonishing skill.’ A blow from a boomerang will break the leg of the largest kangaroo. Then it is easy to run up ® and kill him.
1 Such a specialized idiom has, of course, no equivalent in French : say, ‘saute de-ci, saute de-la.” * Another English idiom: say, throughout (‘i travers” or simply ‘“‘dans’’) all Australia. * tout. 4 everywhere else is merely elsewhere, “ailleurs.” *® Use the infinitive. 6 the two others. 7sauter. ®cdetla. %se hater. 1° Form adverb from “comique.” 1 massue courbée. /la dextérité. 1! accourir.
Idioms
1. but for the, were it not for the: n’était le (la). 2. get one’s self out of trouble: se tirer d’affaire.
It would be a perfectly natural thing, if, when one saw for the first time’an ornithorhyncus or an echidna, he should exclaim, like the Irishman ! when he first saw a giraffe,” “ There is no such animal!” Both of them are complete paradoxes : mammals that lay eggs; birds with* fur and spur. But though they are so different from everything else, they do not resemble each other. The ornithorhyncus is an amphibian, a marvelous swimmer, while the echidna is equipped ‘ for the hunting of ants ® and for digging them out ® from their nests. Australia and Tasmania are full of queer’ creatures. For example, there is but one marsupial — the opossum *— in America; Australia is full of them. So if you ever see any animal or bird whose very existence you wouldn’t believe possible, just reflect ° that many strange beings live in that vast island, even strange people. The natives do some things, it is true, better than all other men; but these are the things the animals do, such as following !° the trail™ of an animal that may have passed that way ” hours ago.
1 Trlandais. 2la girafe. °thathave. ‘4 armé. 5 Ja fourmi. 6 “dénicher”’ covers the entire phrase. bizarre. le (la) sarigue. *réfléchir, 2°inf. “la piste. 1! par la.
LES MERS ONT LEURS ELEPHANTS Idioms
1. “good and proper”: bel et bien. 2. take considerable time to: mettre du temps a. 3. to a@ certainty: a coup str. the main business: le plus clair de la besogne. 5. aloud: a haute voix. 6. wnceremoniously: sans plus de fagons. 7. become conscious of: prendre conscience de.
Of all the thousands of sea-elephants that once swarmed ! in the western and southern seas, there exist only a few on the
EXERCICES il
island of Guadeloupe, off ? the coast of Lower California, and on the lonely island of South Georgia, at the edge * of the Antarctic Ocean. Guadeloupe belongs to Mexico, and South Georgia to England ; and both these governments are now giving these small herds the protection they have, for so long a time, deserved.* If these gigantic seals have, for instance, the vitality of the furseals ° of the Pribiloff Islands, they will multiply rapidly and again become numerous. For these® were nearly extinct, due to? the operations of the seal-hunters. But now that hunting them in the open sea ® has been terminated by international treaty,? the herds are rapidly increasing.!° Of course the sea-elephant is not nearly so useful as the fur-seal. The one furnishes only oil, while the other yields ™ beautiful fur. But the sea-elephant is the more extraordinary of the two, due to his enormous size, his sleepy habits when on land, and his remarkable trunk.
1 pulluler. ? au large de. 3le bord. 4 mériter. 5 Votarie. Pp g §7.e. the fur seals; make this clear by your pronoun. 7 grace a. 8 en pleine mer. le traité. 0 s’augmenter. 1 donner.
LES GEANTS DU MONDE DES REPTILES Idioms
1. they would be so much the more mistaken because: ils auraient d’autant plus tort que. 2. fell about: raconter sur. 3. put the climax (finishing touch) to: mettre le comble a. 4. tobealight sleeper: avoirlesommeil léger. 5. for the use of, with special reference to: a Vintention de. 6. sympathy for: la sympathie envers. 7. unceremoniously, without more ado: sans plus de maniéres. 8. find anything about it to object to: y trouver aredire. 9. go on, take place: se passer. 10. to get off (get clear) with: en étre quitte pour.
In the United States a lady is often heard saying: ‘‘ Bring me my boa; it is very cold today.” But if this same lady were an engineer’s wife living in some little village in the Brazilian jungle, she would cry: “ Bring me my boa; there’s a rat in the kitchen!”’! The boa first named is a rather long piece of soft,’ beautiful fur, to wrap around * her neck, The second boa is a
rather long, smooth,’ beautiful snake, one of the pets ® of the household. It must have taken considerable time’ for the lady to grow accustomed * to this second boa, for we all have an instinctive repulsion to ® snakes. But in the American tropics one quickly comes to recognize the usefulness of boas in ridding !° a house of rats, mice, and cockroaches. We soon get to like them, for when tame they are gentle " and harmless, and the lady herself will set out ” a bowl of milk every night for her boa to drink when he has eaten all the rats he wants.
‘la cuisine. * doux; say, “a long fur soft and beautiful.” 3 se mettre autour du cou. ‘‘ lisse. ® Je pensionnaire. 6 le ménage. Tprendre du temps, followed by a clause of purpose. 8 s’accoutumer. *pour. 1°débarrasser de. doux. } préparer.
VOCABULAIRE
More than one meaning is, in general, given for French words, in order to cultivate the selective judgment of the pupil, but unnecessary meanings are never given.
A dash indicates repetition of the principal word: e.g., under vis, — a — is for vis 4 vis. (A) after a verb indicates that the verb takes an indirect object; (de) after a verb indicates that the verb requires de before a noun.
(inf.) after a verb indicates that the verb governs an infinitive without preposition; (A inf.) indicates that the verb requires a before a following infinitive; (de inf.) indicates that the verb requires de before a following infinitive.
The feminine of adjectives is indicated only when the adjective is rare or irregular. Aspirate #, when not indicated by the absence of elision, is italicized.
Unusual pronunciations are indicated in parentheses.
The following abbreviations have been used in the vocabulary :
adj. = adjective int. = intransitive adv. = adverb irr. = irregular aux. = auxiliary m. = masculine cf. = compare n. = noun collog. = colloquial \ obj. = object cond. = conditional obs. = obsolete conj. = conjunction pers. = personal cons. = consonant pl. = plural dem. = demonstrative p.p. = past participle disj. = disjunctive refl. = reflexive tie = feminine rel. = relative fig. = figurative Re = singular ind. = indirect subj. = subjunctive inf. = infinitive v. = verb a to, towards; at, on, in; s’— 4a to abandon one’s against; until; by; with; self to of (quality); from; for abattre to kill, shoot down, (use) beat or trample down; abandonner to abandon; s’— to tumble (colloq.)
Vabdomen m. (abdomen) abdomen abdominal abdominal Vabeille f. bee Vaboi m. bark (of dogs) Vaboiement m. | barking
abominable abominable, hateful VYabondance f. abundance
abonder int. abound in (en) Vabord m. approach; vicin- Tye CU dandsyey Ee Vaud S tout d’— at the very outset; aux —s de close to aboutir (a) int. to abut (on), come to end (at) s’abreuver to drink (of animals) Vabri m. shelter abrupt abrupt, steep abrutir to make dull or stupid Vabsence f. absence absolu absolute absolument absolutely absurde absurd abuser to abuse, misuse
VAbyssinie f. Abyssinia Vacajou m. mahogany s’accentuer to be accentu-
ated, be conspicuous acceptable acceptable accepter (de inf.) to accept; submit to, consent to Vaccés m. access, approach Vaccident m. accident accidenté broken, (ground) accidentellement ally Vacclimatation f. zation s’accommoder (de) to accommodate or adapt one’s self to; endure, put up with
accident-
acclimati-
rolling .
VOCABULAIRE
accompagner to accompany
accomplir to accomplish; put forth; s’— to be accomplished, come about
accorder to accord, bestow; s’— avec to agree with
accourir int., irr. to run up, run to accrocher (a) int. to cling,
hang; also s?— accueillir ivr. to receive, welcome accumuler heap up accuser to accuse, blame; reveal, betray acharné furious, desperate s’acheminer to go one’s way; progress acheter to buy Vacheteur m. buyer achever (de inf.) to finish Vacier m. steel; 4 pointe d’— steel-jacketed acquérir irr. to acquire Vacquisition f. acquisition; faire l’— de to acquire, get Vacrobat m. acrobat Vacrobatie f. antics actif active; a l’— de on the part of, to the credit of
to accumulate,
Vaction f. action, force actionner to put in action, control
actuel actual, of the present day; genuine, original
actuellement now, at this very time; really adapter to adapt; s’— a
to adapt one’s self to adieu farewell adjacent (a) adjacent adjuger to adjudge, award admettre irr. to admit
VOCABULAIRE
admirable admirable, wonderful admirablement admirably Vadmiration f. admiration admirer to admire, wonder sadonner (a, 4 inf.) to devote or abandon one’s self to adopter to adopt adosser (a) int. to crouch against, hide behind, back up against Vadresse f. skill s’adresser (a, A inf.) to apply one’s self to, attempt adroit adroit, skillful adroitement adroitly, skillfully adulte adult, mature
Vadversaire m. adversary, enemy
Vaération f. giving air; trou d’— air hole
aérien aérial affaiblir to enfeeble, weaken Vaffaire f. affair; avoir — avec to have to deal with; setirer d’— to get out of trouble s’affaisser to sink down, col-
lapse affecter to affect, take on Vaffection f. affection, disease affectionner to affect, like
affectueux affectionate
affirmer to affirm, assert
Vaffluent m. affluent, tributary (of a river)
affolé mad with fear
affreusement frightfully
affreux frightful
VAfghan m. Afghan
VAfghanistan m. Afghanistan
afin de (with inf.) in order
to, to; —que (with subj.) in order that, that africain African VAfrique Africa Page m. age s’agenouiller to kneel down Vagent m. agent Vagglomération /f.
(huts) agile agile, active, swift Vagilité f. agility agir int. to act, be active; il s’agit de (inf.) it is a question (or matter) of, the important thing is to agiter to agitate, shake; s’— to wave, wag; thresh about Vagouti m. agouti agréable agreeable Vagresseur m. aggressor agressif aggressive aguerrir (a) to accustom,
group of
harden
les aguets m. pl. watch, watching; aux — on the watch
ahurir to astound, bewilder Vaide f. aid, assistant; a ?—
de by the aid of aider (a inf.) to aid; s’— de to take advantage of
aigu, aigtie sharp, shrill aiguiser (egyize) to sharpen Vaile f. wing ailé winged ailleurs elsewhere; d’— besides aimer (a inf.) to love, like ainsi thus, so; — que conj.
as, just as Pair m. air; tune; appearance; avoir ’— to look
like, seem, seem to
Vaisance f. ease, facility Vaise f. ease; 4 l’— comfortable
aisément easily ajourner to adjourn, inter-
rupt ajouter to add Valarme f. alarm, warning; fear alarmer to alarm VAlaska f. Alaska Valerte f. alarm, warning
alerte alert, active Alexandre Alexander
VAlgérie f. Algeria Valignement m. alignment Valiment m. food
Valimentation f. feeding s’alimenter to feed
allaiter to suckle
allégé lightened, relieved (of, de)
aller (inf.) int., irr. (aux.
étre) to go; with inf.
going to (intention, likelihood); s’en — to go away
Valligator m. alligator
allonger to lengthen, stretch; launch (a blow) ; crouch; s’— to grow
longer, elongate
allumer to light (a fire); make a light
Vallure f. gait; (fig.) conduct
alors then; — que conj.
just when; while; although Valouate m. sapajou (monkey) les Alpes f. the Alps
amadouer to appease ; cajole Vamas m. mass, heap
amasser to amass, acquire Vamateur m. lover
VOCABULAIRE
ambiant surrounding Vambition f. ambition aménager to arrange; construct américain American VAmérique f. America
Vami m. friend Vamitié f. friendship; 1.
caresses
amorcer to open up (a road or channel)
VAmour m. Amur (river)
Vamphibie m., also adj.
phibian
ample ample; spacious
amplement amply, fully
amputer toamputate; sever
amuser to amuse; s’— a (inf.) to amuse one’s self by
Van m. year (as unit of time)
Vanachronisme m. anachronism, something out of date
Vanalogie f.
larity
analogue analogous, similar
Vanatomie f. anatomy
anatomique anatomical
Vancétre m. ancestor
ancien ancient, old; former; mature
ancrer to anchor, grip
am-
analogy, simi-
PAndalousie f. Andalusia les Andes m. the Andes Vane m. ass lanecdote f. anecdote, story anglais English VAngleterre f. England Anglo-Indien Anglo-Indian
Vanimal m., also adj. animal
animé animated, living Vanneau m. coil Vannée f. year (as period of
time)
VOCABULAIRE
annexer to annex
annoncer to announce
annuel annual
anodin soothing, quieting
anormal abnormal
antarctique Antarctic
antérieur anterior, fore
les anthropoides m. pl. anthro-
poids (man-like apes)
les Antilles f. pl. the Antilles
front,
(islands) Vantilope f. antelope Vantiquité f. antiquity Vapanage m. endowment
apercevoir irr. to perceive
apparaitre int., irr. to appear
Vappareil m. appliance, mechanism
Vapparence /. appearance; en — apparently
apparent apparent
Vapparition /. appearance
appartenir (a) int., irr. to belong to Vappat m. bait, lure appater to bait (a trap) appauvrir to impoverish; rob; deprive (of, de) Vappel m. appeal, call appeler to call; name Vappendice m. appendage Vappétit m. appetite appliquer (a4 inf.) to apply; s’— a to be applicable to apporter to bring; produce appréhender to apprehend, dread apprendre irr. learn; inform, teach; — a to teach (a person or animal); —a inf. to learn to; teach to s’appréter (a inf.) to make ready to
apprivoiser to tame; s’— to become tame Vapproche f. approach approcher to move (one thing) near (another); s’— de to approach, draw near approprié appropriate (to, a) appuyer (sur) to rest on;
lean on; establish on; s’— to support one’s self aprés prep. after; d’— prep. according to; — que conj. after Vaprés-midi m. or f. afternoon
aquatique (akwatik) aquatic Vaqueduc m. aqueduct VArabe m. Arab (man or
horse) VArabie f. Arabia Varbre m. tree
Varbrisseau m. shrub, bush (fairly large)
Varbuste m. (small) bush,
shrub ; undergrowth, brush Parc m. arc; bow s’arc-bouter (sur) to prop
one’s self (by forming an arch of the body), pull back on, set one’s self firmly Varchipel m. archipelago Varchitecte m. architect Varchitecture f. architecture arctique arctic ardent ardent; burning Vardoise f. slate ardu arduous, hard Varéne f. arena Varéte f. something pointed or edged; pl. bones and fins (of fish) argenté silver, of silver lArgentine f. Argentina argileux clayey
aride arid
laristocratie f. aristocracy
aristocratique aristocratic
Varme f. arm, weapon; —s a feu fire-arms; —s blanches (cutting or pointed) small-arms (cutlass, javelin, etc.)
armé armed; (with, de)
Varmée f. army; horde
VYarmement m. armament; equipment
armer toarm; equip; s’— de to arm one’s self with; s’— de patience to have
equipped
patience
arracher to tear away or off ; uproot
sarranger to arrange for one’s self
Varrét m. stop; sans — without interruption
arréter to arrest, check, stop; s’— to stop, cease
Varriére-train m. hindquarters
Varrivée f. arrival
arriver (a inf.) int. (aux.
étre) to arrive; succeed in; impers. happen arrondir to round out Vart m. art
Varticle m. article
artificiel artificial
Vartiste m. or f. artist
aseptiser (aseptize) to disinfect; sterilize
asiatique Asiatic
VAsie f. Asia
Vasile m. asylum, refuge
Vaspect m. aspect, appearance; countenance; look
Vasphyxie f. strangulation;
drowning
VOCABULAIRE
asphyxier to drown l’assassinat m. murder; the kill (ef wild animals)
strangle ;
assécher to dry up, exhaust
s’asseoir to sit down
assez enough ; rather, somewhat; —de enough (of)
assiéger to besiege
assis p.p. of S’asseoir seated
assister (A) int. be present (at); take part (in)
Vassociation f. association
Vassocié m. associate, partner
associer nect
assommer to beat severely, beat to death
assurément assuredly
assurer to assure; s’— to assure one’s self, make sure; learn; be informed (of, de)
astreindre (4 inf.) irr. to compel; assign to
to associate, con-
Vastuce f. astuteness, cunning
astucieux crafty, cunning
atavique atavistic, inher-
ited (from ancestral line) Vatmosphére f. atmosphere s’atrophier to atrophy, wither away attacher to attach, fasten; s’— a to become attached to Vattaque f. attack attaquer to attack; s’— 4a to make an attack on s’attarder to linger atteindre irr. to attain, reach; approach
VOCABULAIRE
atteler to hitch, harness; s’— (A inf.) to devote one’s
self to; busy one’s self with
attendre ¢r.—intr. to await, wait for; expect; wait, delay; s’— a, (a mf.) to expect
Vattentat m. attack; outrage Vattente f. waiting attentif attentive; ested Vattention f. attention atténuant extenuating atterrir int. to come to land, land attirer to attract; summon Vattitude f. attitude, position attraper to entrap, catch attribuer to attribute (to a) au = ale Vaubaine f. windfall; stroke of luck aucun (with ne before v.), no,
inter-
none ; not any, not one Vaudace f. audacity, bold-
ness audacieux audacious, bold Vauditeur m. auditor, hearer augmenter to augment, in-
crease auguste august, noble aujourd’hui today auparavant before; first of all auquel (= 4 lequel) to which; to whom; in which aussiealso; thus; so;) — meedue: as. .°. as aussitét immediately; —
que as soon as austral southern VAustralie f. Australia
australien Australian autant as much; so much;
sO many; —... que as much as; as well as; d’— plus so much the more; — de as much (of) ; as many (of) Vauteur m. author Vauthenticité f. authenticity authentique authentic Vautomobilisme m. the use
of automobiles Vautorité f. authority autour de around autre other; d’—s others autrement otherwise; — dit in other words Vautruche f. ostrich VAuvergne m. Auvergne aux = ales Vauxiliaire m. helper; as adj.
auxiliary
avaler to swallow
Vavance f. advance; a ?— in advance
avancer to advance, put forward; state; s’— to advance
avant before (of time); — (de inf.) before; — tout first of all
Vavant m. fore-part; (of a train) engine; corps fore-quarters, the forepart of the body
Vavantage m. advantage;
excellence; precedence avantageux advantageous avec with (accompaniment) ; with, of (material) Vavénement mm. advancement, accession Vaventure f. adventure s’aventurer to venture Vavenue f. avenue
avertir toinform; forewarn (of, de) aveugle blind s’aviser (de inf.) to get an idea; take into one’s head avoir irr. to have; — (@ inf.) to have to, be compelled to; — raison to be right; — peur de to
be afraid of; — ans in expressions of age, e.g. avoir cing ans to be five
years old; ilya there is, there are; in expressions of time, ago, e.g. il y a cing ans five years ago avoisinant adjoining avouer to avow, confess les Azandes m. Ashangos (African tribe)
le bagage (usually pl.) gage la baie berry se baigner to bathe Baikal (Lake) Baikal le bain bath baisser to lower, let down la bajoue cheek pouch (of animals) balancer int. to swing to and fro la balangoire swing le baleinier whaler balkanique Balkan les Balkans the Balkans Balla Balla (pr. name) la balle ball; bullet; (for rifle); bale le ballon balloon le bambin baby le bane school (of fish) la bande band (all senses) ; herd; class; faire — to form a class
bag-
balance,
shell
VOCABULAIRE
le bandit bandit la banlieue coll. suburbs la banquise ice-field; floe-ice baptiser (batize) to baptize, christen, name baroque eccentric, queer la barque boat le barrage dam la barre bar le barreau bar; strip (of wood) bas, basse low; down; en — down; d’en — from below; au — de down la base base baser to base, found (on, sur) la basse-cour farmyard; poultry yard batailleur pugnacious, truculent le bateleur batifoler play le baton stick, club battre tr.-int. to beat; des ailes to beat (wings), fan; — en retraite to beat a retreat; se — to fight; se — contre, fight against; se — 4, fight with (a weapon); hit one’s self (with, a) la bave saliva beau, bel, belle
handsome; fine
juggler
int. to romp,
beautiful,
beaucoup much, very much; de — far, by far; —de much (of) la beauté beauty le bec beak, bill (of bird) bel et bien ‘“ good and
proper ’’; absolutely le (la) Belge Belgian (man or woman) belle see beau
VOCABULAIRE
belliqueux bellicose, quarrelsome le Bengal (pron. Bégal) Bengal bengalais Bengalese
le berceau cradle la berge steep bank (of river) la besogne business, work
blessé wounded; as n. the wounded la blessure wound bleu, bleue blue bleuatre bluish le boa boa le Boér Boer (Dutch colonist in Africa)
le besoin need; au— incase le beuf ox; i. cattle of need; avoir — de to les boidés f. pl. the boidae, the have need of, need boa family bestiaux pl. of bétail boire irr. to drink le bétail coll. cattle le bois wood; grove; timber
la béte beast la bétise folly, stupidity bétonner to smear, ter le beuglement bellowing biais bias, oblique, slanting ; de — aslant la biche doe (female deer) bicorne two-horned bien very, very much; well; — de very much (of), a great deal (of) ; — que (with subj.) although; si— que so much so that ; aussi — que as well as bienfaisant beneficent ; gentle, kind bient6t soon le biévre obs. beaver la bille log le bipéde biped la Birmanie Burma le bison bison le bistouri lancet, scalpel
plas-
le bivouac camp; feu de — camp-fire bizarre strange, queer
la bizarrerie singularity blanc blanche white; as x.
white (man) blanchatre whitish blanchir /r.—int. to whiten
boisé wooded, forested la boisson drink boiter znt. to limp bombarder to bombard bon, bonne’ good, acceptable; also in sense of great, considerable, full le bond bound, leap bondir inf. to bound, leap le bonheur happiness; good fortune; luck le boomerang boomerang le bord border; bank, shore Bornéo m. (island of) Borneo la bosse hump la botte boot; hunting boot boucaner to smoke (meat) la bouche mouth la bouchée mouthful boucher to stop up, plug la boucherie butcher’s shop
la boucle buckle; loop, noose le bouclier buckler; shield la boue mud
la bouillie pulp; mettre en — to crush to pulp le boule-dogue bull-dog le bouleversement convulsion bourreler to torment bousculer to upset; jostle la bouse manure, dung
le bout end, extremity; tip; a — portant point blank, close range le bovidé bovine la boxe boxing le boxeur boxer le branchage coll.
la branche branch brandir to brandish; wave le bras arm; branch (of river) brave good, worthy, fine (before n.) ; brave (after n.) bravement bravely braver to brave, face; defy la bravoure bravery bredouille empty-handed bref, bréve brief, short le Brésil Brazil briévement briefly briller int. to shine, sparkle ; be conspicuous la brique brick la brise breeze briser to break; tire britannique British broder to embroider; weave
branches
exhaust,
fancifully; to embellish (a story) la brousse brush; jungle, bush; veldt brouter to browse on, feed
on broyer to crush; grind
le bruit noise, sound brailant burning, terribly hot briler ¢r.int. to burn brun brown brusquement suddenly bruyamment noisily bruyant noisy Bucéphale Bucephalus (steed
of Alexander the Great) le buffle buffalo le buisson bush; thicket
VOCABULAIRE
le bungalow bungalow Indian word)
le but aim, goal, object
le butin booty, prey
le buveur drinker
(East
ce’? elided form of ce ca for cela dem. pro. that; — et la here and there, to and fro cacher to hide, (from a) la cachette hiding place le cadavre corpse, body le Cafre Kaffir (South African tribe) la cage cage; cavity le caillou pl. —x pebble la caisse cage; box le calcul calculation calculer to calculate Calcutta Calcutta la Californie California califourchon: a — astride le calomniateur calumniator, slanderer calomnier to slander la calotte cap, skull-cap le camarade comrade la Camargue the Camargue (the Rhone delta) le Cambodge Cambodia cambodgien Cambodian le cambrioleur robber, sneakthief
conceal
les camélidés /. camelidae (sci-
entific name of the camel family)
le Cameroun the Cameroon
camoufler to camouflage,
disguise
le camp camp (site)
le campement camp, encampment (site and all equipment set up)
le le le la le la la
le
la le
le les se
la
VOCABULAIRE 183
camper int. to camp, stay; carthaginois Carthaginian
se — to settle one’s self, la cartouche cartridge
stand firm, take one’s lecas case, instance; condi-
stand tion; situation; oppor- Canada Canada tunity canadien Canadian la Caspienne the Caspian canal canal; channel (sea)
canard duck
cancrelat cockroach
candidat candidate (for a)
canin canine, (pertaining to a) dog
canon barrel (of gun)
cantonner to station
cap cape (of land)
capable capable (of de, de inf.)
capacité capacity
captif captive
captivité captivity
capture capture; captive
capturer to capture
capucin Capuchin
car for
carabine carbine; rifle
caractére character, disposition; characteristic
caractériser to characterize
caractéristique characteristic
carapace shell (e.g. of turtle) ; heavy hide
caravane caravan
carcasse carcass
caricature caricature
carnassier carnivore, carnivorous beast; as adj.
carnivorous, flesh-eating
carnivore carnivore; as adj. carnivorous
Carpathes f. the Carpathians (mountains)
carrer to square off, pose; take a stand
carriére career
le la
le
la la
la la
la
le
le
le le
casser to break
castor beaver
catégorie category, class
catholique Catholic
cauchemar nightmare
caudal caudal; perlaining to the tail
cause cause
causer to cause, to talk
causerie conversation, talk
caution caution
caverne cavern
ce, cet, cette, ces dem. adj.
this, that
ce dem. pron. this, it; a4 — een OUCH TOM them Pome that; until
ceci, cela this, that
céder ¢r.—int., to cede; yield, give way; be inferior
célébre celebrated, famous
celui, celle, ceux, celles dem.
pron. he, she, it; this one, that one; (emph. by ci or la) the latter, the former
cent hundred
centaine hundred (as a group) centimétre centimeter (q$>
meter -3937 inch) central central centre center cependant however, still cerceau hoop, ring cercle circle
cerner to surround
yet,
le la le
certain certain, sure; also as indef. a certain (one) certainement certainly certes certainly, surely certificat certificate; badge certitude certainty cerveau brain (as the living, functioning organ); mind
la cervelle brain (merely the mass of brain matter) la cesse f. ceasing, cessation;
les
= oO
sans — incessantly cesser (de inf.) int. to cease cétacés m. cetacea (generic name for whales) ceux sce celui chacun each one
chagrin chagrin; grief
chaine chain
chainon link (of chain)
chair flesh
chaleur heat
chaloupe sloop, sail-boat
chambre chamber, room
chameau camel
chamelier camel-man
chamelle female camel
chamois chamois (Alpine antelope)
champ field
chance chance, opportunity; luck
chandelle candle
changement change
changer (¢r.—inl. to change
chanson song
chanter /r.-int. to sing
chantier dock; railroad yard
> chapitre chapter, heading
chaque adj. each
char car; wagon charge burden, load; duty
chargé (de) loaded, packed; burdened
le
la
le
le le le
le
VOCABULAIRE
charger to charge; se —de to take charge of
chariot wagon
charmant charming
charmer to charm
charpente framework; rafters
charpentier carpenter
charretier wagoner, driver
charrette cart
charrier to carry, haul
chasse chase, hunting; hunt (for a); grandes —s big game hunting
mule-
chasser to chase, drive; hunt
chasseur hunter
chat cat
chatiment chastisement, punishment
chaud hot, warm; avoir — to be warm (of a person); faire — (impers.) to be warm (of the weather)
chauffer to warm one’s self
chauffeur fireman (of a locomotive)
chaume straw; thatch
chaumiére hut of straw; hut roofed with straw
chauve-souris bat (animal)
chef chief; leader
chemin way, road
chemise shirt
Chépigana name of village
cher, chére dear; costly
chercher (4 inf.) to seek; search, look for
chérement dearly
cheval horse; a — on horseback
les la la
le
le
la
les
le le
le
le
la la
VOCABULAIRE
chevalin horse-like; equine
cheveux m. hair (human)
cheville ankle
chévre goat
chez among, with (of persons); at (to) the house (office, store, home) of
chien dog; — de chasse hunting dog; ratier rat-dog, terrier
chiffre figure (written number)
chiffrer to be counted
chimpanzé chimpanzee
Chine China
chinois Chinese
chiroptéres m. chiroptera (generic name of bat family)
chirurgical surgical chirurgien surgeon choc shock
choir int., irr. (aux. étre) to fall choisir to choose, select
choix choice; faire — de to choose
choquer to shock; annoy
chose thing
chronométre chronometer, stop-watch
chute fall; cataract
ci (for ici), emphasizes dem.
adj. or pron. here
cible target
cicatrice scar
cicatriser int. to cicatrize; form scab or scar
ci-dessus above
ciel (pl. cieux) sky; heaven cigarette cigarette cime hill-top; high rock
cimenter to cement cimeterre scimitar; saber
cinématographique in phrase piéces —s “ the movies ”’ cing five la cinquantaine group) cinquante fifty la circonstance circumstance; instance; de — appropriate circulaire circular la circulation circulation le cirque circus citer to cite; quote; mention le citoyen citizen civilisé civilized
fifty (as a
le clair light clair clear; bright; light (of color); happy; sure; lem plus deymthem best part of
clairement clearly
Clamart pr. n. of town.
classer to class; classify la clé key; prendre la — des
champs to escape and run wild; hear the “ call of the wild ” le climat climate clos p.p. of clore closed la cl6ture enclosure; stock-
ade; fence
cléturer to close; enclose
la coagulation coagulation, clotting
le cobaye (kobai) cavy, guinea pig
lecochon pig; — d’Inde guinea pig
le coco coconut
le cocotier coconut palm le coeur heart la cohue mob coiffé covered (with de); wearing on one’s head
le
coiffer to put something on one’s head; cover one’s head (with de); arrange one’s hair
coin corner; nook
colére anger; en — angry
Colisée the Coliseum
collecteur collector
collection collection
collier collar
colline hill
colobe colobus monkey
Colombie Colombia
colombien Colombian
colon colonist
colonial colonial
colonie colony
colonisation colonization
colonne column
coloration coloring
colossal colossal
colosse colossus (Eng. pl.
colossi) ; giant
combat combat, fight, battle
combatif combative, pugnacious
combien how much; — de how much of
comble top; cap-stone; finishing touch
combler to load; overwhelm (with de)
combustible combustible;
as n. that which will burn, z.e. fuel comédien comedian comestible edible comique comical commander (ind. obj., de inf.), tr.—int. to command comme as, like; tout— just like commencer (a inf.), tr.—int.
to commence, begin comment how
le
la
la le
se
le
VOCABULAIRE
commentaire comment commercial commercial commettre to commit; se — to be committed (to 4) commun common communauté community communément commonly communiquer int. to communicate (with avec) compagnie company compagnon companion comparable comparable (to or with, a or avec) comparaison comparison comparé comparative comparer to compare (to or with, 4 or avec) compatissant compassionate compenser to compensate (for) complaisamment cently complaisant credulous complet, compléte complete complétement completely compléter to complete compliqué complicated compliquer to become complex comporter to include composer to compose; se —de to be composed of comprendre ivr. to comprehend; understand; comprise, include, take together; hence the phrase y compris included comprimer to compress, constrict compte account compter (inf.), tr.—int. to count; number, include; count on, expect, plan; — avec to reckon with,
compla-
complacent;
le
la
la
la
la
la
VOCABULAIRE 187 take account of; se — to consacrer to consecrate, debe counted vote (to a)
concerner to concern la conscience conscience; cogconcert concert; hence nizance mingled or confused din; consciencieux conscientious de — together, inconcert le conseil (often pl.) counsel, condamner (a inf.) to con- advice demn, doom conseiller (de inf.), tr.—int.
condition condition; a — (a of person) to counsel, que (with subj.) on condi- advise tion that la conséquence consequence conduire irr. to conduct, le conséquent conclusion; par lead; drive — consequently conduite conduct; guid- conserver to conserve; preance serve; keep up, maintain confection making considérable considerable; confectionner to make, fash- very great ion (of avec) considérablement considerconfesser to confess ably confiant (dans) confident considérer to consider, of; relying on deem confier to confide, entrust la consistance consistency configuration shape; struc- consister (a inf.), int. to ture consist in confondre to confound, con- se consoler to be consoled fuse consolider to make solid; confort comfort repair confortable comfortable constamment constantly confusion confusion la constatation verification ; congelé frozen conclusion; fact congénére congener (animal constater to ascertain, find; of the same genus) realize; prove; definitely Congo the Congo (river and observe region in West Africa) constituer (pour inf.) to conconnaissance knowledge; stitute, design acquaintance; conscious- la construction construction; ness; sans — uncon- bois de — heavy timbers scious construire ivr. to construct; connaitre irr. to know (by build the senses); be acquainted le contact contact, touch with; se— know one’s la contemplation contemplabusiness, be skilled in (en) tion, watching conquérir ivr. to conquer, contemporain contemporai neous; as nm. a man of
win
la conquéte conquest
one’s own time
le
la
s coquillages
VOCABULAIRE contenir ivy. to contain coriace leathery contenter to content, sat- lecornac mahout (elephant isfy; se — to content driver) one’s self, be satisfied lacorne horn (with or to w. inf. de) corné horny conter to recount, tell cornu horned; horny continent continent le corps body
continuer (4 inf.), tr.—int. to continue
contracter to contract (a muscle); contract (a disease); se — to contract, shrink
contradictoire contradictory
contraindre (a inf.) to constrain, compel
contraire contrary, opposite (to a); le — the contrary; au — on the
contrary contraste contrast contre against; for (in exp.
of sale or exchange); par on the contrary contredire ivr. to contradict contrée country contribuer to contribute convaincre ivr. to convince convenablement suitably convenir int., irr., oflen impers. to agree; be suitable or fitting; be better conventionnel conventional conviction conviction; avec positively convoyer to convey, carry copieux copious, plentiful coq cock
m. mollusks, shellfish
coquille shell
corde cord, rope
cordon cordon, line (of men)
Corée Korea
coréen Korean
le
la
la
la le
le
la
corriger to correct; punish cortége parade, procession
cosmopolite cosmopolitan; universal
cote coast; side; slope; rib; —aw— side by side
cété side
coton cotton
cétoyer to swim close to; skirt; hang beside
cou neck
coua-ha-ha imitation of cry of quagga
couche couch; coating (as
of paint)
couché crouched, lying
coucher to go to bed
coudoyer to rub elbows with
cougouar cougar, puma, mountain lion
couler int. to flow; slip;
— apic to sink to the bottom
couleur color
couleuvre serpent
couloir corridor, passageway
coup blow; thrust; shot; bite; — de pied kick; de méme — at the same time; tout a — all at once; 4 — sfir to a certainty
coupant sharp
couper to cut
couple couple, pair (wo of a kind)
le
le
la
le
la
le
le
la
le la la
se le
la Gi
VOCABULAIRE
couple couple (male and female)
cour court, yard
courage courage
courageux courageous
courant current; au — de acquainted with, familiar with
courbe curve
courir int., irr.
Gn.) to run to, and
couronner to crown
cours course; d@eau water-course; (emphasizes path of movement of things inanimate)
course course; way; run; prendre la — to go one’s way; (emphasizes action of running)
coursier courser, steed
court short
cousin cousin
cotiter fr.—int. to cost (4 of person on whom cost rests) ; sometimes en — with no difference in meaning
COM GUO run
coutume custom; avoir — de (inf.) to be accustomed to
couver to cover (eggs), incubate
couvercle cover, lid
couverture covering
couvrir ivy. to cover
craindre ivr. to fear
crainte fear
craintif timid
cramponner (a) to cling
crane cranium, skull craquer int. to crack création creation créature creature crédule credulous
la
la
la
la
la la les
crédulité credulity
créer to create
créte crest
creuser to crease; dig; se to dig for one’s self creux hollow; shelter; en deeply cut
crevasse gully, ravine
cri cry, yell
Crier it. to cry; — ouf to cry out (in pain or surprise)
crime crime, sin
criniére mane; sans — maneless
croc fang; enormous tooth;
tusk (of boar) crocodile crocodile croire (inf.), tr.—int., irr.
believe croissance growth, development croitre int., irr.
croix cross
to increase
croquer to devour, bolt (food); “‘ gobble up ”
croupe rump; tail
cruauté cruelty
crustacés m. crustacea (ge-
neric name shrimps, etc.) cueillir ivr. to gather; pick up; snatch cuir leather; leathery hide cuisinier cook cuisson smarting; ing cultivateur farmer cultivé cultivated curieusement curiously curieux curious curiosité curiosity cuvette basin cylindrique cylindrical cymbale cymbal
of
crabs,
sting-
le cynocéphale dog-faced baboon ladame lady; as interj. in truth; my word! (as title) Dame, Lady le danger danger dangereux dangerous dans in; into, over, throughout
la danse dance; dancing le Darien Darien la datte date (frwit) dauphinois Dauphinese; of Dauphiny de of; from; by (of means) ; with (of instrument) ; than; to (w. inf.) la débacle break-up le débardeur unloader, stevedore débarquer zn.
(from ship) débarrasser (de) to rid (of); free (from); se — to get rid of, take off débonnaire good-natured, sociable déborder to project yond; overlap déboucher inf. open into (dans) ; flow or empty into debout standing, erect; se tenir — to stand up débroussailler to clear (land of brush)
debark, land
be-
le début beginning débuter inf. to make a beginning; embark in
(dans) (business) décéler to reveal déchainer to unchain; se to break (of a storm) décharger to discharge déchiqueter to cut up; mark
se
la
la
le
la
le
VOCABULAIRE
déchirant heart-rending
déchirer to tear to pieces; tear open; cut; wound
décidément decidedly
décider (4 inf.) to persuade, induce; se— to decide; make up one’s mind
décimer to decimate
déclarer ¢r.—int. to declare
déclin decline
déconcertant disconcerting
décorer to decorate, adorn
décourager to be discouraged
découvert uncovered; open
découverte discovery
découvrir ivr. to discover
décrire irr. to describe
dédaigner to disdain; nore; refuse
déesse goddess
défaut default; lack; 4 — de for want of
défendre to defend (against, contre); forbid (de znf.)
défense defense; tusk (of elephant); horn (of rhinoceros, buffalo, etc.)
défensif defensive
défiler int. to file past
définitivement definitely
défoncer to crush
dégager to disengage; give forth; free, clear (of de)
dégat damage; leak
dehors outside
déja already
délicat delicate
délicatesse delicacy; sideration
délivrer to deliver (from, de)
demander (a4 of person, de inf.), tr.—int. to demand, ask, request
ig-
con-
VOCABULAIRE IOI
démesuré unmeasured, un- déposer to deposit; lay or limited ; hence excessive set down démesurément beyond la dépouille skin (when ~remeasure moved) ; hide la demeure dwelling dépourvoir (de) to deprive demi adj. half; adv. (often of a —) half; 2”. le — dépourvu (de) deprived, (f. demie) half, the half lacking, bare demi-apprivoisé half-tame depuis since (of time); ago; demi-clos half-closed for (of duration in past la demi-heure half-hour and present only); from le demi-métre half-meter (of place) le démon demon; devil déraciner to uproot dénicher to hunt out; dig le déraillement derailing (of a out train) la dénomination name dérailler int. to be derailed, dense dense run off the track la dent tooth dériver int. be derived (from, la denture dentition (arrange- de) ment of teeth in jaw) dernier last; latter; final dénudé denuded, bare; dérober to rob cleared, open dérouler ¢r.-int. to unroll, le départ departure unfold; also se — dépasser to surpass, ex- derriére behind ceed; project or pass be- des = de les yond; be too much for dés from (of time) ; since; at (an opponent) (of time of starting action) ; dépécher to despatch, send — que conj. as soon as hurriedly; se — tomake se désaltérer to slake one’s haste thirst; (of cattle) go to dépeindre irr. to depict, water portray désarmé unarmed les dépens m. pl. expense, cost; le désarroi disarray; confuaux —de at the expense sion of; to one’s cost désarticulé dislocated dépérir int. to perish la descendance coll. descendle déplacement displacing, ants moving, shifting position le descendant descendant se déplacer to move out of the descendre int. to descend, spot; stir; move, travel come down; land from, déplaisant displeasing, un- get out of (de) pleasant la description description déplorer to deplore, re- le désert desert gret désertique of the desert;
déployer to unfold desert
désespéré despairing le désespoir despair
la désignation designation, term; name désigner to design (for,
pour inf.); designate le désir desire désoler to desolate, ravage
désordonné reckless; frantic
désormais henceforth ; thenceforth; thereafter
desserrer to loosen; unclasp
le dessin design, pattern;
drawing
dessiner to design; draw
dessous adv. below; au — de prep. below
dessus adv. above; au — de prep. above
la destinée destiny; life
destiner to destine, intend (for, a)
détacher to detach, pull off
le détail (pl. —s) detail détaler int. to slink (or sneak) away se détendre to relax, reach out; uncoil déterminer /r.—int. to determine détestable detestable, hateful
la détonation detonation; explosion; report (of a gun) se détourner (de) to turn from, avoid le détritus rubbish deux two deuxiéme devancer (in, de) devant before (of place), in presence of, in front of;
second to excel, surpass
VOCABULAIRE
aller au — de to come face to face with, encounter; de — front, fore dévaster to devastate le développement development
développer to develop; se — to develop
devenir int., irr. (aux. étre) to become
deviner ‘r.-int. to guess, conjecture
devoir (inf.), tr.—int., irr. to owe; am to; have to, must; (in cond. only) ought to
le devoir duty dévorer to devour le dévouement devotion le diamétre diameter le Dieu God la différence difference se différencier to be differentiated différent different différer int. to differ; par to differin; —de to differ from
difficile difficult; surly; hard to please; rude la difficulté difficulty
digne worthy (of de) la dignité dignity
la digue dike; dam la dimension dimension; size diminuer to diminish, lessen; minimize le diner dinner le dingo dingo (wild dog of
Australia) le dinosaure dinosaur dire ¢r.-int., irr. tosay; tell le directeur director
la direction direction; board of directors diriger to direct; point;
VOCABULAIRE
Kuro Sse —— to direct one’s way, go le discernement discernment; discretion la discipline discipline discordant discordant la disette scarcity, want disparaitre int., irr. to disappear la disparition disappearance disparu vanished; extinct disperser to disperse, scatters; Se — to disperse (int.) la dispersion dispersion disposer to dispose, arrange; station; (se) — de to be available; have at one’s disposal
le dispositif disposition; arrangement la disproportion disproportion, inequality disproportionné disproportionate (to avec) dissimuler to disguise ;
mask la distance distance distant distant distinguer to distinguish; se — to be distinguished (from de) la distraction amusement distribuer to distribute; divide le district district dit above-mentioned, called divers diverse; various dix ten la dizaine ten (as a group) docile docile, tractable la docilité docility le docteur doctor le dogme dogma le doigt finger; toe
le domaine domain, realm le d6me dome la domestication tion domestique domestic; tame domestiquer to domesticate; tame le domicile abode, dwelling le dommage damage; c’est — itisa pity le dompteur tamer le don gift done therefore; then la donnée fact; statement donner to give; — de la voix to give tongue, bay (of hounds), cry out; —sur to open on or towards dont of whom; of which; whose; among whom; from which; about which le dormeur sleeper dormir int., irr. to sleep dorsal dorsal; on the back; épine —e spinal column le dortoir sleeping quarters le dos back doter to endow la douceur gentleness doué (de) endowed with douloureux painful le doute doubt; sans — doubtless douteux doubtful doux, douce sweet; gentle la douzaine dozen douze twelve dramatique dramatic le drame drama le drap cloth dresser (4 inf.) to break (young animals for work), train; set, arrange; make to stand up (of hair);
domestica-
draw up, construct; — vers to hold up toward; se — to raise one’s self; stand up le dresseur trainer le droit right (to a) droit right; straight; a bon — rightfully le dromadaire dromedary du = dele di (f. due) p. p. of devoir Dublin city in Ireland le duel duel; combat le duelliste duelist
duquel (= de lequel) of whom; of which dur hard
durant during la durée duration, length (of time) durer int. to endure, last Veau f. water Vébat m. sport, play s’ébattre to play ébranler to shake Vécart m. variation; in phrase al’— aside; aloof; se tenir 4 l’— de to hold aloof from; keep away from écarté far apart écarter to drive away; s’— to spread; come out; wander away (from de)
échanger to exchange (for contre) échapper (a) int. to escape; s’— de to escape from échelonner to align; string along Véchidné m. echidna Péchine f. spine; back
échoir int., irr. to happen;
VOCABULATRE
fall due; le cas échéant at every chance
Véclair m. lightning
éclater int. to break out (of fire)
éclore int. (aux. 6tre) to hatch
Véclosion f. hatching
Vécluse f. sluice; flood-gate économiser to economize, save
Vécorce f. bark (of tree) écoulement m. flow, discharge écouter to listen to écrire irr. to write Vécrivain m. writer
Vécuelle (ekygel) f. bowl; dish
Pécureuil (ekyrce'j) m. squirrel
Védification f. (the act of) building
édifier to build, construct Péducation ff. education ; training | effacer to efface
leffet m. effect; result; impression; en — really; after all
lefficacité f. efficiency; efficacy
effeurer to touch upon, skim
s’effondre to crumble s’efforcer (de inf.) to force one’s self to Veffort m. effort s’effrayer (de) to be afraid of effroyable frightful égal equal également equally; also Végard m. regard; a l?— de in regard to; about s’égarer to stray, wander
VOCABULAIRE
égorger to tear to pieces élancé slender sélancer to rush, launch one’s self Vélasticité f. elasticity VElbe m. the Elbe (river) Véléphant m. elephant Vélevage m. cattle breeding; raising (animals) Véléve m.—f. pupil; product élever to raise; build; breed; s’— to rise léleveur m. stock breeder éliminer to eliminate élire irr. to select, choose elle 3d pers. pro., nom. s.f.
of il she; it; also disj. 3d pers. pro. f. s. her; it éloigné distant; far (from, de) Véloignement m. remoteness éloigner to keep off or away; s’— to move or dash away; be removed s’embarquer to embark Vembarras m. embarrassment, perplexity Vembléme m. emblem embourrer to pad, stuff s’embrocher to be impaled (on sur)
Vembfiche f. ambush (for 4) embusquer inf. to lie in ambush, lurk; also 9’— émettre ivr. to emit, give forth émigré m. émigrer int.
migrate éminemment eminently éminent eminent; conspic-
uous emmagasiner to store up emmurer to wall in Vémoi m. emotion;
dash;
emigrant to emigrate,
excite-
ment; mettre en — to excite; disturb Vémotion f. emotion; excite-
ment s’émotionner to grow neryous émouvoir ivy. to rouse, excite
s’emparer (de) to seize empécher (de inf.) to prevent; s’— to prevent one’s self, ‘“‘ help ” sempétrer to become entangled (in dans) empiéter to seize; pounce on;—sur to encroach on Vemplacement m. location Vemploi m. employment; sans — unused; useless employer to employ; use; s’— be used empoigner to grasp empoisonner to poison Vemporte-piéce m. punch (an instrument) emporter to take or carry away; l’— sur to excel, be superior Vempreinte f. imprint; track, footprint s’empresser (de inf.) to hasten to; be in a hurry to emprisonner to imprison; hold fast emprunter to borrow (from a) en in; into; on; to; of (of material); made of; as, like; with pres. pte.
while; by; on en pro. of it, of them; from it, from them Venceinte f. enclosure encercler to encircle; dash around
Venclos, m. pen, cage encombré encumbered ; crowded encontre old prep. against; only in phrase a ?— de contrary to; unlike encore yet, still; again; besides, further; ou — or else Vencyclopédie f. encyclopedia endormi asleep, sleeping s’endormir to fall asleep Vendroit m. spot, place Venduit m. coating Vendurance f. endurance endurer to endure Vénergie f. energy Venfant m. infant; child enfin finally, at last senfoncer to plunge in (dans); bury one’s self in senfuir ivr. to run away, desert; flee, vanish engager (a inf.) to engage; entangle (in dans); s’— to become entangled; begin Vengeance f. breed; brood englober to group together enlever to carry off, remove Vennemi m. enemy énorme enormous, huge enregistrer to register; detect enrouler to roll up; s’— to roll one’s self up ina ball ensanglanté bloody ensemble together
enserrer to tie up; render helpless; confine
entasser to heap up, pile
entendre to hear; understand; mean; intend (inf.); faire — to sound
(alarm)
VOCABULAIRE
Ventente f. understanding Venthousiasme m. enthusiasm enthousiaste enthusiastic entier entire, whole entiérement entirely Ventonnoir m. funnel entourer to surround; wrap entrainer to draw or lead away; bring on; drag entre between; among
s’entr’-aider to aid each other
entravé fettered, held in
Ventrée f. entrance
Ventrepot m. storage-yard; warehouse
entreprendre irr. to undertake
Ventreprise f. enterprise
entrer int. (aux. ێtre) to
enter (requires dans for literal entry, en for figurative); — pour to count for, amount to entretenir 7rr. to entertain; maintain énumérer recount envahir to invade Venvahisseur m. invader Venveloppe f. envelope, wrapping, covering; l’— thoracique the framework of the chest
to enumerate;
envelopper to envelope; wrap
s’envenimer to become infected
Venvergure f. extent, stretch; wing-spread
envers towards
VYenvie (de) f. desire; (de inf.) desire to
environ about
VOCABULAIRE
environnant surrounding les environs m. ~/. surroundings; neighborhood envisager to face
’ envoyer (inf.), irr.
deal (a blow) éocéne eocene (period of geologic time)
Veohippus m. eohippus (scientific name of primeval horse)
Vépagneul m. spaniel
épais, épaisse thick; dense Vépaisseur f. thickness
to send;
épaissir to make thicker; s’— to thicken, grow thicker
épars sparse; scattered about
Vépaule f. shoulder
épauler to bring (gun) to shoulder; aim
VYéperon m. spur
éphémére ephemeral, brief
Vépidémie f. epidemic
Vépieu m. large spear (for thrusting)
Vépine f. spine; thorn
épineux spiny, thorny
Vépisode m. episode; event
Vépoque m. epoch; era; time
épouvantable frightful
Vépoux m. (f. épouse) spouse ; mate
éprouver to experience, feel
épuiser to exhaust
Véquateur (ekwateer) equator
équatorial equatorial
les équidés f. fl. equidae (sci-
entific name for the horse family)
Péquilibre m.
balance; en —
mM.
equilibrium, balanced
Véquipe f. party, group; working party
Vérable m. maple
Vére f. era
errant stray
Verreur f. error; mistake
Vescargot m. snail
Vescorte f. escort
escorter to escort
Vespace m. space
espacé spaced
Espagne f. Spain
espagnol Spanish; x.
Spaniard
Vespéce f. species
Vespérance f. hope
espérer (inf.) to hope; hope
for; anticipate, look for Vespoir m. hope Vesprit m. spirit; wit Vesquif m. skiff, boat VEsquimau m. Eskimo essayer (de inf.), tr.—int. to
try, attempt Vessentiel m. the essential ; the main thing essentiellement essentially ; exclusively
essouffé exhausted; out of breath VEst m. the East et and; —.... — both . and
établir to establish; locate; construct; s’— to establish one’s self; settle létablissement m. establishment étalon m. stallion Vétat m. state; condition les Etats-Unis m. pl. the United States Vétau m.
été m.
vise summer
198 VOCABULAIRE s’éteindre to die; become éveillé awake extinct éveiller to awaken
éteint extinct étendre inf. to extend; also
s’—; s’— outre mesure sur to talk too long about
Vétendue f. extent
Vétiquette f. ticket; label étonnamment astonishingly
étonnant astonishing, surprising
étonner to astonish; s’— (de) to be amazed (at)
étourdi reckless, heedless; also n. m.
étourdir to stun
étrange strange
étrangement strangely Vétranger m. stranger étre int., irr. to be; as aux.
with certain verbs, have; — a to be engaged in; be busy with; il est (impers.) sometimes used for ilya Vétre m. being étroit narrow Pétroitesse f. narrowness Vétude f. study; essay étudier to study Vétymologie f. etymology Veunecte m. anaconda (amphibious serpent of South America; largest of all serpents) Europe f. Europe européen [European eux disj. pro. 3d pers. pl. m.
them; —-mémes themselves s’évanouir to faint, swoon s’évaser int. to widen gradually; diverge
éventer smell
éventrer to disembowel
évidemment evidently
évident evident
éviter to avoid
Pévolution f. evolution; i.
evolutions, antics
évoquer to evoke, call forth; suggest
exact exact
exactement exactly
lexactitude f. exactness; accuracy
exagérer gerate
examiner to examine
Vexcavation f. excavation
excellent excellent
exceller (a inf.), int. only to
to get wind of,
tr.int. to exag-
excel
Vexcentricité f. eccentricity, peculiarity
excepter to except; make
exception of Vexception f. exception; 4 ’— de with the exception of exceptionnel exceptional exceptionnellement exceptionally excessivement excessively excité excited exciter to excite exclusif exclusive ; restricted (to a) exclusivement exclusively Vexcursion f. excursion, trip excusable excusable
Vexcuse f. excuse
exécuter to execute, perform; s’— to be performed
VOCABULAIRE
Vexécution f. execution, accomplishment VYexemple m. example, instance; precedent; par — for instance exercer to exercise, practice; exert exhiber to exhibit exigeant exacting; stern VPexigence f. exigency; requirement exiger to exact, require Vexistence f. existence; life exister int. exist; (impers.) il existe there exist(s) Vexpatriation f. deportation, removal (of living animals from native land) expédier to make an end of, kill; export expéditif expeditious, quick
Vexpédition f. expedition
Vexpérience f. experience expérimenté experienced
Vexplication f. explanation
expliquer to explain; s’— to be clear, be easily explained
Vexploit m. exploit, feat Vexploitation /. operation; enterprise (of work or contract) exploiter mine) Vexplorateur m. explorer explorer to explore exploser int. to explode
to work (land or
explosif explosive
exposer to expose, risk; explain
Vexpression f. expression
exprimer to express; sum up
exquis exquisite, choice;
sought for
extérieur exterior, external
Vextérieur m. the exterior, the outside
extérieurement on the outside; superficially
lextermination f. extermination
exterminer to exterminate
externe external
Vextinction f. extinction extraire irr. to extract, take out extraordinaire extraordinary extravagant extravagant ;
elaborate; circuitous extréme extreme; also n. m.
Vextrémité f. extremity; tip; end
la fable fable fabriquer facture fabuleux fabulous le fabuliste m. writer of fables la face face facile easy facilement easily
to make, manu-
la facilité f. facility faciliter to facilitate la fagon fashion; manner;
way; sort; sans plus de —s with no more ado, unceremoniously; de — a (inf.) in such a way as faconner to fashion; make factice arranged, “faked” le factionnaire sentinel la faculté faculty faible feeble, weak; slight le faible weakness la faim hunger; avoir — to be hungry
faire (inf.), irr. to make;
do; perform; form, constitute; se — to become; se) — prendre to get caught ; — que (w. clause) to bring about, cause; cen est fait de it’s all over with; — face a to confront; de (inf.) succeed in
le fait fact; action, act; deed;
du — de by the act of, because of; en — de in the matter of, as for; de
— in fact la falaise cliff falloir int.,impers., irr. must ; be necessary; need (used with inf. or subj.) fameux famous familial of the family, family la familiarité fection la famille family le fanal lantern fangeux muddy; swampy la fantaisie fancy
familiarity; af-
fantaisiste fanciful; fantastic
fantastique fantastic
far niente Jtalian phrase
meaning complete idleness farouche ferocious, fierce; savage; wild fatal fatal la fatigue fatigue, weariness fatigué fatigued, tired out se faufiler to string along; walk single file; creep; sneak lafaune fauna (animal life of a region) fauve tawny; asn. m. wild beast faux, fausse false
VOCABULAIRE
favori, favorite favorite favoriser to favor la feinte feint (in boxing) féliciter to felicitate; congratulate félin feline; 7. m. cat la femelle female lafemme woman; wife la fenétre window la fente slit le fer iron; lance-head la ferme farm
fermenter in/. to ferment fermer to close; clench; se — to close (int.)
le fermier farmer féroce ferocious, fierce férocement fiercely la férocité ferocity ferré made of iron; —ée railway le festin feast le feu fire le feuillage coll. foliage; leaves la feuille leaf le feutre felt fi fie! faire —de to scorn, disdain la fibre fiber la fidélité fidelity, faithfulness fier, fiére proud; faire le — to make a good showing; carry off the honors la fiévre fever figer to fix, fasten figurer fr.-int. to figure; exhibit; appear; se — to picture to one’s self; imagine la file file, series, line filer int. to dart, dash le filet net la fille girl; maid
la fillette
voie
vieille — old
little girl
VOCABULAIRE
fin fine; keen; delicately
formed la fin end finalement finally finement finely; fine
la finesse keenness, acuteness finir (de inf.), tr.-int. finish, end; —par (inf.) (lit. end
by) = finally (with a finite
tense)
fixer to fix; set; locate; se — settle, establish one’s self
le flair scent; talent (for pour)
la flamme flame le flane flank flasque flabby le fléau scourge la fléche arrow le fleuve river flexible flexible fluvial (ofa) river; voie —e river transport la fois time (repetition); (a) deux — twice; ala — at the same time foncé deep (color), dark foncier pertaining to real estate, landed le fonctionnaire official; chief beater (on a hunt) fonctionner int. to function, work; be in use lefond depth (lit. and fig.); back (part of); bottom; basis; a — thoroughly fonder to found; establish;
se — to be established fondre ¢r.-int. melt (away) forain foreign; itinerant;
ménagerie —e a traveling circus
la force force; strength; in pl. bodily strength; a -
de by means of; — esta (of person) + de inf. one must
forestier forest-covered, for-
ested; lumbering (busdness)
la forét forest
la forge forge
laforme form, shape; i.
bodily proportions
former to form
formidable formidable
fort strong
le fort in phrase le — de Vhiver
the depth of winter
fort very; very well; strongly ; extremely; hard
(as in “ work hard ”’) fortement strongly fortifier to fortify
la fosse pit fossile fossil; also n. m.
foudroyant amazing, bewildering foudroyé “stone dead” foudroyer to strike down, lay low
le fouet whip le fouillis mess, jumble
la fourche fork
fourchu cloven
fournir to furnish; put forth; keep up, maintain
le fourrage forage, feed
le fourré thicket
la fourrure fur
le fracas crash, din fracasser to shatter fragile fragile; delicate frais, fraiche fresh
les frais m. pl. expense;
de to draw upon
le franc france (/rench coin)
francais I*rench
faire
la France France franchir to cross, across; (of time) pass frappant striking, impressive frapper to strike, hit; beat la frayeur fear, terror fréquemment frequently, often la fréquence frequency fréquent frequent fréquenter to frequent, haunt; meet often; associate with; live close to le frére brother friand (de) fond of frissonner int. to shiver froid cold le froid cold, frost le fromage cheese la frontiére frontier frotter ¢r.—int.
(against a) fructivore fruit-eating le fruit fruit fugitif fugitive; also n. m.
fuir 7nt. irr. to flee la fuite flight fumer ¢r.—int. to smoke la fureur fury, rage furibond furious, mad furieux furious, enraged le fusil (fyzi) rifle; gun; —a tir rapide repeating rifle; coup de — gunshot le fuyard fugitive
leap
to rub
le Gabon Gaboon gagner to gain, reach; occupy, take up residence le gaillard fellow (colloq.) le gain gain
Galles (Pays de) Wales le galop gallop galoper int. to gallop
VOCABULAIRE
gambader int.
frisk le gant glove le garage in phrase voie de — a siding (railway) garantir to guarantee le garcon boy; vieux — bachelor la garde guard; monter la — to keep watch garder to guard; keep; se —de (inf.) to refrain from la gare railway station; chef de — station master la garenne rabbit warren la garnison garrison la gazelle gazelle le gazouillement twittering le géant giant généalogique genealogical génant annoying géner to annoy; se — to trouble one’s self ; be ceremonious; ne pas se — pour (inf.) to make no ceremony about, have no hesitation about, think nothing of (often = unceremoniously) général general le général general généralement generally la génération generation le genre genus (zool., Eng. pl.
genera); kind; dans leur in their way les gens m.—f. pl. people la gent tribe, family la gentillesse pretty trick
to gambol,
old
géographiquement geographically géologique geological la Georgie du Sud South
Georgia (island)
VOCABULAIRE
gésir int., irr., defective lie (dead or buried) le geste gesture, movement; feat, exploit le gibbon gibbon (species of ape) le gibier game (that is hunted) Gibraltar pr. mn. Gibraltar gigantesque gigantic le Gir Gir (a range of mountains in western India) gisait see gésir la glace ice glacer tr.int. to freeze le glagon cake of ice le glaive sword-blade la glande gland glisser int. to glide; slip, slide; crawl; also se — le globe globe la gloire glory glorieux glorious
le gnou gnu (an African antelope) le Gobi (the desert of) Gobi
la goélette schooner le golfe gulf gonfler ¢r.—int.
swell, puff out
le gong gong
la gorge throat (front of neck, external or internal)
le gorille gorilla
le gosier throat (wpper part of alimentary canal)
le Goualior Gwyalior state in India)
le Goudjarat Guzerat (native state in western India)
le goupil fox (obs.); personified, Sir Goupil (as we say Sir Reynard)
le gofit taste (for a)
goiter to taste la gouttelette little drop
to inflate,
(native
la gouttiére gutter; spout le gouvernail rudder; helm
le gouvernement government la grace grace, favor; — a thanks to; i. thanks gracieux graceful graduel gradual graduellement gradually le grain grain (small particle) la graine grain (seed) la graisse grease, fat grand grand; large, great; tall la grandeur size gras, grasse fat la gratitude gratitude grave grave, serious gravement = gravely, ously graver to engrav le gravier gravel la gravité gravity, seriousness le gré satisfaction, liking; au — de to the liking of; satisfactorily to grec, grecque Greek la Gréce Greece la gréle hail grenoblois of Grenoble
seri-
e, carve
la gréve sand beach griévement gravely; hard la griffe claw la grimace grimace, grin; snarl grimper (a, dans, sur) int.
to climb le grimpeur climber grincer int. to screech,
shriek, shrill gris gray; also n.m le grizzli grizzly bear le grognement grunting le groin snout gros, grosse huge; heavy
thick ;
big ;
le gros-pied big-foot
la grosseur thickness, bulk grossier gross; rough, rude grotesque grotesque
le groupe group
grouper to group; collect in groups guére (with ne before 2.)
hardly, scarcely la guérison cure; en voie de — convalescent la guerre war guerrier warlike, militant guetter to lie in wait for la gueule jaws (of wild beast) le guide guide; guidance guider to guide; direct la guise guise; manner, way; en — de by way of, as la Guyane Guiana
habile deft, skillful habilement deftly, skillfully Vhabitant m. inhabitant Vhabitat m. habitat Vhabitation f. habitation, abode habiter to inhabit; live in Vhabitude f. habit habituer (a inf.) to train to; accustom to; s’— (a inf.) to become accustomed to la hache ax la haine hatred le hamac hammock Hambourg Hamburg (city in Germany) le hameau hamlet, small village Vhamecgon m. hook Hannon Hanno (Carthaginian admiral) hanter to haunt; infest happer to snap hardi hardy; bold
VOCABULAIRE
harmonieusement harmoniously, pleasantly harnacher to harness, yoke up se hasarder (a inf.) to take a risk; venture la hate haste hater (de inf.), int. to hasten ;
also se —
haut high, tall; loud (of sound); la —e mer the open sea
le haut height; top, crest la hauteur height hélas (elas) alas Vhémisphére m. hemisphere Vhémorragie f. hemorrhage le hennissement whinny, neigh (of horse) Vherbe f. herbage, grass herbivore herbivorous ; as n. grass-eating animal héréditaire hereditary Vhérésie f. heresy hérissé bristling (with de) hériter to inherit le héros hero Vhéroisme heroism Vhésitation f. hesitation hésiter (a inf.), int. to hesitate Vheure f. hour; tout a ?— presently, by and by, ina
minute; de bonne — early
heureusement happily ; luckily
heureux happy; fortunate
heurter to clash; strike,
knock; scatter; tap
hindou Hindu
Vhipparion mm. hipparion (name of type of ancient horse)
Vhippopotame m. hippopotamus
VOCABULAIRE
Vhippotigris m. hippotigris (scientific name of zebra; lit. tiger-horse)
Vhistoire f. history; account
historique historic
Vhiver m. winter
hivernal winter, wintry
story,
hiverner int. to pass the winter hola ho! hello! mettre le
— to calla halt hollandais Dutch
Vhommage m. homage, rev-
erence, worship
Vhomme m. man
Vhomonyme m. homonym
(having same name)
Vhonneur m. honor
la horde horde; drove; school (of fish)
Vhorizon m. horizon horizontal horizontal hormis except
Vhorreur f. horror horrible horrible hors (de) out of; beyond;
— de combat out of the
fight, “out of commission ”
Vhostilité f. hostility
Vhéte m. host; denizen
le Hottentot Hottentot (African tribe) Vhuile f. oil huit eight humain human Vhumanité f. humanity Vhumeur f. humor, temper, disposition humide humid; moist humiliant humiliating le hurleur howler (monkey) la hutte hut, cabin, house Vhyéne f. hyena
Vhypothése f.
supposition
hypothesis,
Viceberg m. iceberg
ici here; hither
idéal ideal
Vidée f. idea
identifier to identify
Vignorance f. ignorance
ignoré unknown
ignorer to be ignorant of, not know; ignore
il 3d pers. pro., nom. s. m.
eves
Vile f. isle, island
Villusion f. illusion
Villustration f. illustration
illustrer to illustrate
il y aimpers. there is (are) ; see avoir
Vimagination f. imagination
imaginer to imagine; invent; s’— to imagine; get an idea
imbécile imbecile, insane; stupid
Vimbécilité f.
stupidity
imbibé soaked
imiter to imitate
immangeable uneatable
immédiat immediate
immémorial immemorial
immense immense, vast
Vimmensité f. immensity, vastness
immergé
immobile tionless
immobilisé a train)
immoler to slay; sacrifice
impénétrable impenetrable
imperméable impermeable; water-tight
imbecility ;
submerged immobile, mo-
side-tracked (of
200 VOCABULAIRE implacable implacable, incontestable incontestable, merciless undeniable implacablement implacably incontestablement undeniimpliquer ¢r.int. to imply ably implorer (de inf.) to implore inconvénient inconvenient Vimportance f. importance Vinconvénient m. inconveniimportant important ence importer to import; bring incroyable incredible (in A); impers. be of im- inculquer to inculcate (in portance, matter a)
importuner to annoy, disturb
imposant imposing, impressive
imposer to impose (on a); s’— to be required, be exacted
Vimpression f. impression impressionné impressed, affected; made nervous impressionner to affect;
frighten
imprévu unforeseen
imprimer to impress; imprint (on a or sur)
impropre improper; (for a)
impudemment impudently Vimpuissance f. helplessness inaccessible inaccessible inattendu unexpected incapable (de inf.) pable
Vincendie mm.
tion
Vincisive f. incisor (tooth)
incliner (A inf.), int. to be inclined; s’— to bend, lean
incommodé inconvenienced
incomparable incomparable
unfit
inca-
fire, conflagra-
inconfortable uncomfortable inconsciemment uncon-
sciously
Vincursion f. incursion, raid incurvé curved VInde f. India
indemniser to indemnify (for de) les Indes f. pl. the Indies (also coll. term for the native states of India) indescriptible indescribable indien, indienne Indian;
as n. m. or f. an Indian indifféremment indifferently indigéne indigenous, native; as n. m. orf. a native indiquer to indicate; show indiscutable indisputable indispensable indispensable indistinct indistinct; dim Vindividu m. individual individuel individual indo-chinois Indo-Chinese Vindustrie f. industry inégal unequal (to 4) inépuisable inexhaustible inerte inert; lifeless inespéré unhoped-for Vinexactitude f. inexactness, inaccuracy inexistant negligible inexploré unexplored inextricable inextricable infaillible infallible
non-existent,
VOCABULAIRE
infatigable untiring inférieur inferior; lower infernal infernal, devilish infliger to inflict (on a) Vinformation f. information infortuné unfortunate Vinfortuné (—ée) m.-f. unfortunate person (07 creature) Vingénieur m. engineer ingurgiter to swallow inhabité uninhabited inhumain inhuman ininterrompu uninterrupted initié initiated ; versed (in a)
indefatigable,
inné innate, inborn
innombrable innumerable
inoffensif inoffensive ; harmless
inquiéter to alarm; disturb; s’— to become alarmed
Vinquiétude f. uneasiness inscrire irr. to inscribe; record; s’— en faux contre to put one’s self on record as denying; deny publicly Vinsecte m. insect insectivore insectivorous, insect-eating insignifiant adj.
cant insolite unaccustomed inspecter to inspect Vinspection f. inspection inspirer to inspire (in 4)
insignifi-
installer to install; hang (a hammock)
Vinstant m. instant
Vinstantané m. snapshot
instantanément instantaneously
Vinstar m. likeness; only in phrase 8 V— de just like
Vinstinct m. instinct
instinctif instinctive
Vinstruction /f. instruction, education
Vinstrument m. instrument
insulaire insular
Vinsulte f. insult
s‘imsulter to insult each other
insurmontable insurmountable, insuperable
intégralement adv. as Eng.
adj. whole
Vintellect m. intellect
Vintelligence f. intelligence
intelligent intelligent
intense intense
Vintention f. intention ; avoir V’— de (inf.) intend to; a ’— de with reference to
interdire (de inf.), irr. forbid
intéressant interesting
intéresser to interest; concern; relate to
Vintérét m. interest (in envers)
Vintérieur m. interior; depths (of a forest)
interroger to question
interrompre to interrupt
Vintervalle m. interval
intervenir int., irr. (aux.
étre) tointervene; interfere; come into play
intimider to intimidate
intriguer to perplex, baffle; excite curiosity
introduire irr. to introduce
intrus intruding
inutile useless
Vinvention f. invention
inviolable inviolable
invisible invisible
interrogate,
208 VOCABULAIRE Vinvitation f. invitation la jonction junction; point de Vinvité m. guest — point of attachment invoquer to invoke; have jouer tr.-int. to play (with
recourse to invraisemblable unlikely VIrlandais m. Irishman irréfutable irrefutable irrité annoyed Virruption f. break, forcible
entry; faire — dans to break into Vissue f. exit; mouth (of
tunnel or burrow) italien, italienne Italian
Vivoire m. ivory jadis (zadis) formerly le jaguar jaguar (Brazilian
Indian word) jaillir int.. to spurt jamais ever; ne..
mais never la jambe leg japper int.
whine le jardin garden le jarret leg; heel; haunch (that part of leg behind knee joint); aux —s rapides, swift-footed Java Java (island) le javelot javelin; spear (for throwing) je rst pers. pro., nom. s. I jeter to throw, hurl; se — sur to leap upon; — 4 bas to throw down, cut down le jeu play; game; sport; étre en — to be aroused; be in play, function jeune young le (la) jeune young person la jeunesse youth la joie joy (in a) joli pretty
. ja-
to yap, yelp;
de; on, of trick or joke a; on, of instrument de); se —de to play with joufflu with distended cheeks jouir (de) int. enjoy le jour day (as wnit of time)
le journal ; journal; newspaper la journée day (as period of time) joyeux joyous, joyful
le jugement judgment juger tr.—int. to judge; consider; —de to judge of, decide about le jumeau twin la jumelle (usually pl.) binoculars (glass) la jungle jungle jurer (de inf.), int.
le juron oath le jury jury jusque (a) (sur) as far as; up to; down to; even to; until (prep.); jusqu’ici up to the present time jusqu’a ce que conj. with subj. until juste just, proper; right (often strengthened by tout); adv., just, exactly ; au — exactly le juste the just (man) justement justly justifier to justify juxtaposé placed beside; fitted together
Swear
le kangourou kangaroo
le kangourou-rat kangaroo rat
le keddah keddah (elephant trap), corral
VOCABULAIRE
le kilo abbreviation for kilogramme
le kilogramme kilogram (1000 grams, 2.2 lbs. av.)
le kilométre kilometer (zro00 meters, about .6 mile)
Kiwou pr. n. Mt. Kivu (in
Belgian Congo, Africa)
lV’ elided form of le or la la f. s. of def. art. the; f. s.
of 3d pers. pro. obj. her, it
la there; thereby; often emphasizes dem. adj. or pro.
laborieux laborious; painstaking, industrious laborieusement laboriously le lac lake lacérer to lacerate, tear lache cowardly lacher to drop, release; —
prise to let go one’s hold lactaire lacteal (producing milk)
la laine wool laineux woolly laisser (inf.; id. 4 inf.) to leave, leave behind; allow, let; — faire to let alone; — a désirer to leave something to be desired (z.e. not satisfied) le lait milk le laitage coll.
le lama llama “ yvama ”’) lalame blade (of sword or razor); flat club lamentable lamentable se lamenter (de) to lament la lance lance; javelin lancer to launch,
dairy products (pronounce
hurl;
send; strike; shout, utter;
se — to rush; resort (to a)
la langue tongue; language la languette little tongue, flap lalanterne lantern; headlight le lapin rabbit ; — de garenne wild rabbit large wide le large width; open sea; au —de off the coast of largement largely la largeur width lasser to tire; se — to grow weary latin Latin la latte f. lath, strip le m. s. of def. art. the; m.s.
of 3d pers. pro. obj. him, it lécher to lick la legon lesson le lecteur reader la lecture reading la légende legend; tale léger, légére light; a la légére lightly, thoughtlessly le lendemain the next day lentement slowly la lenteur slowness; liness le leopard leopard lequel, laquelle rel. or interrog.
pro. who, which les m.-f. pl. of def. art. the; m.—f. pl. 3d pers. pro. obj.
them lestement actively; freely léthargique lethargic, torpid, sluggish leur 3d pers. poss. adj. their; m.f. pl. 3d pers. pro. ind. obj. to (for, at) them lever to lift, raise up le levier lever le levraut leveret, young hare
leisure-
la lévre lip
le lévrier hound
le lézard lizard
la liane liana, climbing vine
la Libérie Liberia
la liberté liberty, freedom
librement freely
le lien bond, connection
le lieu place; au — de in place of, instead of
la lieue league (measure of distance, about 3 miles)
le lieutenant lieutenant
le liévre hare
la ligne line; outline la lignée lineage; line (ancestral) la limace slug, larva la limite limit limiter to limit; se — to
be limited (to a) le lion lion le lionceau cub (of lion) la lionne lioness le liquide liquid; secretion lire irr. to read la lisiére edge, border la liste list le lit bed la Lithuanie Lithuania la litiére litter; stretcher littéralement literally le littérateur writer la littérature literature le littoral coast la livrée livery; uniform livrer to deliver; hand over; — passage to let pass; se — to engage in with each other le lobe lobe (of ear) le locataire tenant la locomotive locomotive la locution locution; expression; saying
VOCABULAIRE
la loge lodge, house loger to lodge, land, place; pen (an animal); se — to be placed; reside logique logical logiquement logically
le logis lodge, lair; lodging; house la loi law loin far; — de far from; au — far away; de — a long way off lointain distant, remote (from de)
Londres pr. n. London long, longue long; le — de along la longueur length longtemps a long time, long lorsque when la louange praise le loup wolf la loutre otter lu p.p. of lire lalueur light, gleam (feeble and artificial) lugubre mournful; eery lui m.—f. s. 3d pers. pro. ind.
obj. to (for) him, her, it; disj. 3d pers. pro.m.s. he, him la lumiére light (7 general) la lune moon la lutte contest le lynx lynx, bobcat
ma see mon macher to chew le machete machete (short heavy cutlass for cutting trail in jungle. Spanish word, 3 syllables) la machine machine la machoire j
jaw maconner to cement
VOCABULAIRE
la magnanimité magnanimity magnifique magnificent le magot baboon le mahout mahout (elephant driver) maigrir int.
la maille mesh la main hand maint many a; pl. many maintenant now maintenir irr.
keep; hold mais but; — bien but indeed, but rather la maison house le maitre master; (as title) Sir la maitresse mistress maitriser to master; the better of Majeur major, principal la majorité majority mal badly; —connu little known le mal evil, ill, pain maladroit awkward malais Malayan la Malaisie Malaysia la malchance evil stroke of ill luck male male; also n. m.
malencontreux ill-timed malgré in spite of le malheur misfortune malheureusement unfortu-
to grow thin
maintain ;
get
chance ;
nately malheureux unfortunate malin, maligne crafty;
cunning, mischievous; as n. m. rascal, rogue
lamaman mama (child’s term for mother)
la mamelle breast, nipple
le mammifére mammal
le mammouth mammoth (extinct hairy elephant)
le la la le
le
la la
la
21IT manche handle manche sleeve mandibule mandible manége game; trick; an-
tics manger to eat mangeur eater ; —d’hommes man-eater mangouste mongoose maniére manner; ceremony
manifeste manifest, evident
manifester to manifest, show; se — to be evident, be revealed
manceuvre maneuver; procedure; work
manceuvrer ¢r.—int. to manage, work
manquer (de inf.), int. to
fail; be lacking manteau mantle, cloak manuel manual, handbook marcassin (young) wild pig marchandise merchandise marche march, walk ; prowl; motion; en cours
de — while marching marcher inf. to march; walk
mare pool; water-hole
marécageux marshy
marin marine
Maroc Morocco
marron chestnut (color)
marsupial marsupial
martiniquais belonging to Martinique; as ». native of Martinique
Martinique Martinique (island)
massacre massacre
massacrer to massacre;
kill wholesale massacreur murderer
PRB,
les
la
la
le
le
le
le
Massais m. pl. the Masai (African tribe)
masse mass; bulk; en — in a body
massif massive; solid
massif massif (group of mountains) ; mountain mass
mastication chewing
mastiquer /r.—7nt.
cate; chew
mastodonte mastodon (extinct elephant)
mastication,
to masti-
match match (game or fight); nul — no fight; sometimes a draw matelas mattress; bedding s matériaux m. pl. (sing. obs.)
building materials maternel maternal matiére material, substance; slime; —s premiéres raw materials matin morning; in the morning; tous les —s every morning maudire irr. to curse maudit accursed mauvais bad, wicked mauviette weakling (lit., lark, little bird)
maximum adj. maximum; also n. m.
mécanicien engineer (of an engine)
mécanisme mechanism
méchant wicked, malicious
médiocre mediocre, ordinary; moderate
médire ivr. to slander
Méditerranée the Mediterranean (sea)
méfait misdeed
la
se le
le
le
la la
la
le le
la
VOCABULAIRE
méfiance distrust méfiant suspicious; wary
méfier (de) distrust
méhari mehari (racing camel)
méhariste mehari rider
méler to join, mingle with (a) ; lose one’s self in (e.g.
a crowd dans); interfere in, meddle (de)
membrane membrane
membre member; limb
méme self, very; after def.
art. same; as adv. even; de — in the same way; ou — or even; un (une)
one and the same; lui- —, elle-— himself, herself
mémoire memory
menace menace, threat
menacer (de inf.), int.
threaten to
ménage household
ménager to provide, secure ; conserve
ménagerie menagerie; zoological garden
mener to lead; carry on
mensonge lie, falsehood
mentionner to mention
mentor mentor, counselor
menu little, tiny
menu menu, bill of fare
mer sea
merci f. mercy
merci thanks, thank you
mére mother
méridional southern
mérisier wild cherry
mérite merit, worth
mériter (de inf.) to merit, deserve
merveilleux marvelous
mésaventure misadventure
to
VOCABULAIRE
le mésohippus mesohippus (an intermediate type of early horse) la Mésopotamie Mesopotamia la mesure measure; 4 — que in proportion as; as mesurer to measure métallique metallic la métamorphose metamorphosis, transformation la méthode method, manner méticuleusement meticulously, most carefully le métier trade; profession; faire — to ply (follow) a trade le métis (metis) half-breed le métre meter (unit of length
in metric system, = 39.37 inches) le mets meat; food mettre irr. to put; place;
set; —&mort to put to death, kill; — en piéces
to tear to pieces; — en fuite to put to flight; — a (or a inf.) to devote
(time) to, put to, set aside to; — du temps 4 (inf.) to take some (too much) time to; — au courant de to inform of; — en présence to pit against each other (to fight); show; se — (a or a inf.) to take to, set about; begin Meudon pr. n. Meudon le meurtre murder meurtrier murderous meurtrir to tear, lacerate la meute pack (of animals) le Mexique Mexico le miaulement meowing, caterwauling le microbe microbe
le microscope microscope microscopique microscopic le midi midday, noon le miel honey le mien (la mienne) rst pers.
sing. poss. pro. mine mieux (comp. of bien) better mignon, mignonne dainty la migration migration le milieu middle; environment, surroundings mille thousand le millet millet (grain)
le millier thousand (as a group) le millimétre millimeter
(alow meter) le million million le mimétisme mimetism (imitation in nature) mince slender la mine mine (of coal or ore) miner to undermine la miniature miniature minier pertaining to mines, mining mininum minimum; nN. Mm.
la minorité minority le minuit midnight minuscule tiny la minute minute (of time) minutieusement minutely minutieux minute (very small) mis ~.p. of mettre misérable miserable misérablement miserably le missionnaire missionary la mode fashion modéle model moderne modern modeste modest la modestie modesty ; humility
also
214 VOCABULAIRE
la modification modification lamonture mount (riding
modifier to modify, change; animal); — de combat se — to be modified, be war horse, cavalry mount changed le monument monument modulé modulated se moquer (de) to mock, make les meeurs f. pi. manner of fun of life; habits; character la morale moral (of fable) le moignon rudimentary mem- mordre to bite ber la morsure bite moindre (comp. of petit) less; mort p.p. of mourir dead; le — least faire le — to play dead moins (comp. of peu) less; lamort death le — least; au — at mortel mortal; deadly
least (also tout au —); le mortier mortar a — que conj. withne and le mot word
subj. unless le motif motive; pattern, dele mois month sign le mollusque mollusk mou, mol, molle soft le moment moment la mouche fly (insect) mon rst pers. s. poss. adj. mouillé wet (f.ma; pl.mes) my mourir int., irr. (aux. étre) Monbasa pr. n. Mombasa to die (city in Africa) le moustique mosquito le monde world le mouton sheep le Mongole Mongol le mouvement movement la Mongolie Mongolia mouvoir ivr. to move; se le monopole monopoly — to move, stir monotone monotonous moyen, moyenne medium, les monotrémes m. pl. mono- average, moderate, mean; tremes (lowest order of as n. m. or f. manner; mammals) means; en —ne on the le monstre monster; mon- average strosity, freak; une fagon la mue shedding; moulting de — a sort of freak muet, muette mute, silent monstrueux monstrous le mulatre mulatto le mont mountain le mulet mule la montagne mountain multicolore many-colored; montagneux mountain- parti-colored ous multiple multiple, manimonter fr.—int. to raise; fold, many (times) mount; attach to (sur); multiplier to multiply; se —garde to mount guard, — to increase in numkeep watch ber la monticule small hill muni strengthened; reén-
montrer to show forced
VOCABULAIRE
le mur wall mir mature, ripe le muscle muscle musculaire muscular lemuseau muzzle, nose (of animal) le muséum museum
musqué musky, musk-flavored le Musulman Moslem
le (la) myope myopic or nearsighted person le mystére mystery mystérieux mysterious
la nageoire fin; flipper (of seals) nager int. to swim
le nageur swimmer nain dwarf Nairobi pr. n.
in Africa) la naissance birth naitre int., irr to be born Naquit see naitre narquer to defy; tease la narine nostril narrer to narrate, tell
Nairobi (city
(aux. étre)
le naseau nostril natal natal; native le Natal Natal (region in Africa)
la natation swimming national national naturaliser to mount (in taxidermy)
le naturaliste naturalist lanature nature; de — 4a (inf.) of a kind (or na-
calculated to natural ; na-
ture) to; naturel, naturelle les —s the savages, tives naturellement naturally
navigable navigable le navigateur navigator le navire ship ne not (rst element of the cpd. neg. in Fr.) ; pas | nots) = i not (emph.) ; eaeque only ; . plus no more, no ores == 614 plus que no more ome —— meer hardly, Scarcelyu ieee amas never; — .. . personne nobody ; B.0 g igin nothing né p.p. of naitre
point
nécessaire (de inf.) necessary néfaste harmful; fatal le (la) négre negro; (of Australian native), blackfellow la neige snow nerveux nervous nettement sharply; clearly
le nettoyage cleaning up nettoyer to clean up neuf nine neuf, neuve le mez nose coh GaVp@A —— yc before verb) nor le nid nest le Nil the Nile (river) le niveau level; surface noble noble la noblesse nobleness, nobility noctambule of nocturnal
new, fresh
. — (withne neither...
habits (lit., walking by night) nocturne nocturnal lencud knot; — coulant
slip-knot, noose noir black; dark
noiratre blackish noircir to blacken, darken la noix nut le nom name nomade nomadic, nomad; also n. m.
le nombre number nombreux numerous nommer to name non adv. (does not modify vbs.) not; non- (in cpds.) nonchalamment nonchalantly le nord north notable notable notamment notably la note note noter to note, notice; mention, remark la notion notion; idea notre (pl. nos), rst pers. pl.
poss. adj. our le nétre (p/. —s), rst pers. pl.
poss. pro. ours nouer to knot, tie; grip
nourrir to nourish, feed; se — (de) to subsist on, live on
le nourrisson nursling la nourriture food nous rst pl. pers. pro. we, us, to us; also disj. Ist pers.
pro. us nouveau, nouvel, nouvelle new; &4— anew le nouveau-né new-born ; young
le nouveau-venu new-comer la nouvelle news (also pl.)
la Nouvelle-Guinée New Guinea (island) nu nude, bare, naked la nuit night nul (with ne before verb)
no
VOCABULAIRE
Voasis f. oasis obéir (a) int. to obey Vobjet m. object, thing obliger (a or de inf.) to oblige, compel Vobservateur m.
Vobservation f.
observance observer to observe; faire — to call attention Vobstacle obstacle Vobstination obstinacy obtenir irr. to obtain Voccasion f. occasion; opportunity; reason; 4 l’)— at times; if need be occidental western occuper to occupy ;demand one’s attention; s’— de (inf.) to occupy one’s self with, be busy with; take care of; pay attention to Vocéan m. ocean VOcéanie Oceanica océanique oceanic
observer observation ;
octobre m. October
Vodeur f. odor; scent
Vodorat m. scent; sense of smell
Veil (pl. yeux) m. eye
Voeuf egg
Voeuvre f. work (act or product); &V— at work
offensif offensive
Voffice f. office, duty; faire — to function, play the part of, serve as
officiel official
Vofficier m. officer offrir irr. to offer; afford, present; s’— to secure
for one’s self Voiseau m. bird Voisillon m. young bird
VOCABULAIRE
Voisiveté f. idleness Yombre f. shade; shadow VYomnibus m. omnibus, bus omnivore omnivorous (eating all foods) on indef. pro. one, we, you, they, people; often equivalent of passive voice; e.g.
on dit they say, or it is
said ondulé corrugated Vongle m. nail; claw
Vonomatopée f. onomatope
Vopération f. operation; task
opérer int. to operate; work; be effective
Vopinion f. opinion
opposer to oppose; s’— a
(inf.) oppose, prevent now (introducing argu-
ment)
Vor m. gold
Vorang-outan m. orang-utan
ordinaire ordinary
Yordre m. order; line
Vordure f. refuse, trash
Vorée f. edge
Voreille f. ear
VYorgane m. organ
organiser to organize; s’— to start, begin
oriental oriental, eastern
orienter (sur) to direct (toward) ; aim (at)
Vorifice m. orifice; entrance
originaire (de) originally from; native of
Vorigine f. origin
ornemental ornamental
orner to ornament, adorn
Vornithorhynque m. ornithorhyncus
Vorphelin m.
Vorteil m. toe
Vortie f. nettle
or
orphan
Vos m. bone oser int. (ne without pas in neg.) dare les ossements m. pl. bones (usually fossilized) Votarie f. fur-seal; sea-lion Ou conj. or ot adv. where; in or on which; whither; d’—
from which, whence oublier (de inf.) to forget VYouest m. the west ouf cry of pain; see crier oui yes Vouie f. (sense of) hearing Vouistiti m. ouistiti (very small monkey of Brazil) YOuganda f. Uganda (province of British East Africa) Yours m. (ourse f.) bear Vourson m. bear cub Voutil m. tool; utensil s’outiller to provide one’s self with the means (to pour)
Voutrance f. extreme, end;
a — to the death; toa finish
outre besides; other than; but for; beyond; en — besides
Vouverture f. opening
Vouvrage m. work (act or product); book
Vouvrier m. worker; workman
ouvrir ivr. to open ovipare oviparous (laying eggs)
le pachyderme pachyderm (thick-skinned animal)
le Pacifique the Pacific (ocean)
le pacte pact, treaty
la page page
la pagode pagoda
la paille straw
la paillotte grass shelter
la paire pair; yoke (of oxen) paitre tr.—int., irr. to pas-
ture; feed
le palais palace
le palais palate
la paléontologie paleontology
la palme palm palmé palmated, webbed
le Panama Panama
la panique panic
la panse coarse term for stom-
ach; “tummy ”
la panthére panther
le papier paper
le paquet package; bunch par by; in; — jour daily
la parade parry (in boxing) paradoxal paradoxical
le paradoxe paradox
le parage vicinity; wsually pl. regions paraitre (inf.), int. irr. to appear
la paraphrase paraphrase parbleu! by Jove parce que because
le parchemin parchment parcourir to traverse; cover
(distance)
par-dessus over; across
le pardon pardon pardonnable pardonable pareil, pareille equal; like;
such le parent parent; relative la parenté relationship
parer to parry; ward off parfait perfect parfois sometimes
le parfum perfume, odor parier to bet Paris pr. n. Paris
VOCABULAIRE
parisien Parisian parler int. to speak parmi among la paroi wall (of building or cave) la parole word parsemer to cover; strew la part part; side; de la — de on the part of; a — apart, by one’s self partager to divide; share; assign le parti part; party; task; tirer —de to make use of; take advantage of la particularité peculiarity particulier private; individual; pl. as n. private parties particuliérement larly, especially la partie part, portion; party, game, match partir int., irr. to proceed; start, set out; a — de starting from, often simply
particu-
from partout everywhere; un peu — almost everywhere parvenir (4 inf.), int., irr.
(aux. €tre) to arrive (at); attain (to) le pas pace, step; with ne it
provides the common neg.
not; —a— step by step le passage passage le passager passenger
passer /r.—int. to pass (in all senses); — pour (inf.) to pass for; be supposed to be; se — to occur, take place; work out;
se — de to do without, get along without
VOCABULAIRE
le passe-temps tertainment passif passive; lazy la passion passion; avec — passionately ; eagerly la Patagonie Patagonia la patience patience patient patient la patrie country, fatherland la patte paw, foot (of animal) ; faire — basse sur to make free with; lay hands on
pastime, en-
le paturage pasturage; feeding grounds pauvre poor
payer to pay; — de to
pay with (e.g. one’s life) le pays country; district le paysan peasant la peau skin; — Rouge Redskin (N. Am. Indian) le pécari peccary pécher int. to fish le pécheur fisherman
peindre irr. to paint la peine pain, trouble, difficulty; a — hardly,
scarcely ; sous — de (inf.)
on pain of, at risk of
le pelage coat (of animal); fur
la pellicule coating
le penchant (Jit. slope), in-
clination; bent (for pour) se pencher to bend over, stoop pendable abominable, mean,
scurvy pendant during, for (of time); — que while
le Pendjab the Punjab (district in India) pendre int. to hang; se — hang one’s self up
pénétrer tr.int. to penetrate (into dans); gain entrance, enter pénible painful péniblement painfully la pensée thought penser ¢r.—int. to think le (la) pensionnaire boarder; ward; pupil; pet la pente slope pereant piercing percer to pierce; run
through (with spear)
la perche pole
le Percheron Percheron (heavy draft horse)
le perchoir perch (for birds)
perdre to lose; waste
la perfection perfection
le perfectionnement perfecting
le Périgord Perigord (district in France)
le péril peril
la période period; season
la péripétie unexpected trick
or turn périr int. to perish permettre (de inf.; a of person), tr.—int. to permit, allow
le Pérou Peru la perpétration performance perpétuer to perpetuate la Perse Persia le personnage personage; fellow la personne person; ne...
— no one, nobody personnel personal le personnel coll. personnel, force, employees personnellement personally personnifier to personify; represent
perpetration ;
la perspective perspective; en — in prospect persuader (de inf.; a of
person), tr.—int. to persuade la perte loss pesamment heavily; awkwardly
pesant heavy; clumsy la pesée weight la pesée prying (with a lever) peser to weigh petit little; le — one; au — trot leisurely trot la petitesse smallness se pétrifier to become petrified pétrir to knead
young at a
peu little (of quantity or
degree); un —de alittle
(of); — a — little by little
la peuplade people; colony; tribe
peuplé populous peupler to people, inhabit le peuplier poplar la peur fear; de — de (inf.) for fear of; de — que with subj. for fear that; avoir — de to be afraid of (an object); avoir — de (inf.) to fear to; avoir —que to fear that peut-étre maybe, perhaps phénoménal phenomenal le phénoméne phenomenon le phoque seal (animal) le photographe photographer la photographie photograph photographier to photograph physiologique physiological physique physical physiquement physically
VOCABULAIRE
le pic pick; peak; &— vertically, up or down (see couler)
la piéce piece (all senses); room
le pied foot; coup de — kick
le piége trap
la pierre stone piétiner to trample le pieu stake; piling (heavy stake)
la pile pile (heap) piller to pillage, rob pinnipéde pinniped (Vit. finfooted; generic term for seals, walruses, sea-lions) la pinte pint la pipe pipe le piquant prickle, thorn le piquet stake, post la pirogue dug-out (canoe hollowed from single log) la piste track; trail la pitance pittance; food), ration pittoresque picturesque pivoter int. to pivot, whirl la place place; open square (in city or village) ; sur — on the spot placer to place, locate la plage bank (of stream) plaider to plead
bit (of
la plaie wound, cut se plaindre ivr. to complain (of de)
la plaine plain la plainte moaning plaintif plaintive plaire int., irr. (a of person) to please; se — to take pleasure (in 4); flourish plaisant pleasant le plaisir pleasure le plan plane (surface) la planche plank; board
VOCABULAIRE
le plancher floor la planéte planet la plantation plantation la plante plant; sole (of foot) le planteur planter la plaque plate le plastron bosom (of shirt) plat flat le plateau plateau la plate-forme (fl.
formes) platform plein full (of de); en — jour in broad daylight; en —e jungle in the dense jungle pleurer /r.—int.
mourn; weep pleuvoir int., irr., impers. to rain; rain down le plis fold (of flexible material) le plomb lead; bullet
plates-
to weep for,
le plongeon plunge, dive; diving plonger ¢r.int. to plunge, dip; dive
le plongeur diver la plume pen la plupart the greater part (of du, de la); majority plus more; — de (of); non — neg. sense) plusieurs several plut6t sooner; rather la poche pouch; pocket le poéte poet le'‘poids weight la poignée (pone) handful le poignet wrist le poil hair; coat (of animals) le poing fist; dormir a —s fermés to sleep soundly le point point (dot); spot; a ce — inthis respect; au —que to the point that;
more either (in
sur le — de (inf.) on the point of; about to; non > MO ge ple Tw 4c — emphatic neg. (see ne) le point-de-départ point of departure, starting point; beginning la pointe point (of sharp instrument) ; tip le poisson fish le poitrail breast (of animals) la poitrine breast, chest polaire polar le péle the pole (XN. or S.) le poltron poltroon, coward pompeusement pompously ponctuellement punctually la pondeuse laying hen pondre ¢r.—int. to lay (eggs) le poney pony le pont bridge populaire popular la population population le pore pig, hog le port port la porte gate; door la portée range; reach; litter, brood le portefaix porter porter to bear, carry; impel; deal (a blow); se —
burden bearer,
(with bien or mal) to be well; be ill
le porteur porter, carrier; bearer
la portiére door (only of vehicle)
le portrait portrait
poser to place, put; rest;
set up, mount; put (a question); se — to hover
(of a bat); alight (on sur) la position position posséder to possess, have
la possession possession la possibilité possibility possible possible poster to post, station postérieur back, hind; as n. m. the back, the rear la posture posture, position le poteau post la poudre powder le poulailler poultry yard; hen roost le poulain colt la poule hen le poumon lung pour for; with inf. to, in order to; —que (with subj.) in order that, that pourchasser to pursue, hunt pourquoi why la poursuite pursuit poursuivre irr. to pursue; se — to progress, go on pourtant however pourvoir ivr. to provide (with de; for a) le pourvoyeur purveyor; animal catcher pourvu (de) provided with; —que (with subj.) on condition that, provided that la pousse bud la poussée push; pressure pousser to push, impel; utter (cries) ; sprout, grow la poutre log; beam pouvoir (inf.), int., irr. to be able, can la prairie prairie; grassy plain précaire precarious précéder to precede
précieux precious; valuable le précipice precipice, cliff précipité precipitate, sudden
VOCABULAIRE
précipiter to hasten; se — to hurl one’s self, dash, rush précis precise, accurate précisement precisely préciser /v.-int. to explain; state expressly la précision precision la prédilection liking, ness (for pour) préféré favorite la préférence preference; de — by preference; preferably préférer (inf.), ir.—int. to prefer préhensible prehensile la préhistoire prehistoric time préhistorique prehistoric premier first prenant grasping, gripping ; prehensile (tail) prendre ivr. to take; seize, catch; take on, assume; acquire; — wun trot to begin to run; s’en — a quelqu’un to attack, take after; — gout a to acquire a taste for; — fin to end, cease; —place to take place préoccuper concern préparer to prepare; se —
fond-
to preoccupy ;
(a inf.) to prepare to
prés adv. near; a peu — almost; de trop — too closely; de — close; de trés — very close; — de prep. near
présager to presage, foresee
la présence presence présentable presentable la présentation presentation
VOCABULAIRE
présenter to present; show; se — to present one’s self la présidence the presidency le président the president presque almost la presqwile peninsula presser to press, hurry prét (a inf.) ready prétendre int. to pretend, claim préter to lend; attribute; se — a to lend one’s self to; submit to; be favorable to la preuve proof; faire — de to give proof of; show préventif preventive prévoir ivr. to foresee la priére prayer; urgent request primate primate (generic name for the higher apes) le prince prince principal principal, chief principalement principally le principe principle; par — on principle; by habit; en — in general le printanier spring (time) pris p.p. of prendre
la prise taking; what one takes; hold, grip; quarrel; aux —s avec at
grips with, quarreling with prismatique prismatic le prisonnier prisoner se priver (de, de inf.) to be deprived of; refrain from le privilége privilege; immunity le prix price, cost; prize probable probable probablement probably le probléme problem le procédé procedure, manner
le
le
procéder int. to proceed prochain next; near proche close, near proclamer ¢r.-int. to proclaim
procurer to procure; se — to procure for one’s self
prodigieux prodigious, enormous
produire irr. to produce; se
to result, come about
produit product
profane outsider; brow ”
profession profession
professionnel professional
profitable profitable
profiter int. to profit (by de); take advantage (of de)
profond profound; deep
profondeur depth
progéniture offspring, young
progrés progress
progressivement sively, gradually
proie prey; kill (of the prey killed by a wild beast)
projectile projectile
projet project
projeter to throw down
prolonger to prolong
“ low-
progres-
promenade promenade, walk; trip; en — wandering
promener to lead around
prompt prompt, quick
prononcé pronounced, decided
prononcer to pronounce
proportionné (a) proportioned (to)
proportionnellement proportionally
le propos conversation; remark; & ce — in this connection propre (a) peculiar to; one’s own
proprement properly la propreté neatness le propriétaire proprietor; — foncier land owner protecteur (f. -trice) protective le protecteur protector la protection protection le protectorat protectorate protéger to protect (from or against contre) protester ¢r.—int. to protest; declare; object la prouesse prowess; exploit prouver to prove provenir int., irr. (aux. étre) to come from, descend from le proverbe proverb, maxim proverbial proverbial providentiel providential la province province la provision provision; supply provisoirement provisionally ; temporarily la provocation provocation provoquer to provoke, challenge; produce la proximité proximity, nearness; 4 — close up prudemment prudently la prudence prudence; caution prudent prudent la psychologie psychology pu p.p. of pouvoir public, publique public la publication publication la publicité publicity; advertising
VOCABULAIRE
publier to publish le pugilat pugilism; boxing puis then; next puisque since (cazsal) puissamment powerfully la puissance power puissant powerful pulluler int. to abound, swarm les Pyrénées f. pl. the Pyrenees le python python (serpent)
qu’ elided form of que quadrumane quadrumana (i.e. four-handed; generic name of monkey family) le quadrupéde quadruped le quagga quagga la qualité quality; talent quand when quant 4 as to; as for; in regard to quarante forty le quart quarter, fourth part le quartier quarter, section le quartier général headquarters quasi as it were; almost quasi-humain almost human quatre four quatre-vingt-dix ninety quatriéme fourth que rel. pro. whom; what;
which que conj. than; as; that; how (in exclamations);
avant — before le Queensland Queensland
quel which? what? in exclamations what! what a!
quelque some; in fl. often afew; — peu somewhat
quelquefois sometimes
VOCABULAIRE
quelqu’un, quelqu’une, quel-
ques-uns, quelques-unes
some one; pl. some
(people)
se quereller
entre)
la question question la queue tail
to quarrel (with
qui rel. pro. who, that, which
qui interr. pro. who?
whom ?
le quintal (p/. -aux) hundredweight
la quinzaine fifteen (as a group)
quinze fifteen quitte (de) quit, clear, rid (of); en étre — pour to get off with quitter to quit, leave le qui-vive look-out, alert
quoi disj., rel.—interr. pro.
which, what
quoique (with subj.) although; — il en soit
however that may be
le rabatteur beater (in hunting) rabattre to press back or down; se — to drop, fall la race race, family, breed la racine root le racontar gossip, idle talk raconter to recount, tell radical radical raide stiff, steep la raie stripe
le rail rail
leraisin grape; also coll.
grapes
laraison reason (for de); avoir — to be right
le raisonnement reasoning
le rajah or radjah rajah (native potentate in India) le Ra(d)jputana Rajputana (district in India) ramasser to pick up la rame oar ramener to bring, back; reduce le rameur oarsman ramper int. to creep le rang rank la rangée row, line ranger to arrange; rank rapide rapid, swift rapidement rapidly la rapidité rapidity, swiftness rappeler to recall; remind rapporter to carry back, bring back; report rapprocher (de) to bring near, bring within reach; se —de to draw near rare rare; unusual; few, far apart rarement rarely, seldom la rareté rarity; scarcity rarissime exceedingly rare (formed from a Latin superlative) ras smooth le ras level; au —de at the
bring
surface of raser to shave; graze closely le rasoir razor rassembler to gather, collect; se — to assemble le rat rat rater int. to miss (a shot)
la ration ration, allowance, portion (of food) rattacher to attach le ravin ravine le ravisseur ravisher, robber rayé striped
la le la
la
se
le
la
rayure stripe razzia raid (Italian word)
réalité reality
réapparaitre int., irr. to reappear
rebelle rebellious; étre —
a toresist; be ill adapted to rebrousser ¢r.—int. (lit. to brush back), with chemin to turn back; retreat récalcitrant obstinate; refractory récemment recently recevoir ivr. to receive recharger to reload recherche search (for de) recherché sought after rechercher to seek, search
for
récit story, tale
réclamer to reclaim; ask the return of; claim (as a right)
récolte harvest
récompenser to recompense, reward
réconcilier to become reconciled (to, with a, avec)
reconnaitre irr. to recognize
reconstituer to reconstitute, reconstruct
reconstruction reconstruction, rebuilding
reconstruire irr. to reconstruct
record record
recouvrir zrr. to cover thickly (with de)
récréation recreation, play; cour de — playground
recueillir ivy. to gather, pick up; receive; lap up
reculé remote
se
le
le se
les
le
VOCABULAIRE
redécouvrir irr. to rediscover
redire (a) int., irr. (only in inf. after 4) to criticize, find fault
redoutable formidable
redouter to dread
redresser to sweep backward; emerge; move back; stir; rise up,
straighten out réduire irr. to reduce (to
a inf.)
réduit refuge; place of retreat
réel real
réellement really
réfléchir int. to reflect; consider
refouler to crowd back
refuge refuge
réfugier to take refuge
refuser (de inf.) to refuse; deny
regagner to regain
regarder ?r.—int. to look at
régime regime, system; diet
régiment regimen région region
régle rule; principle régler to regulate; settle
régne reign; kingdom
régner int. to reign; prevail
regretté lamented
régulier, réguliére regular
réguliser to regulate
réincarnation reincarnation
reins m. pl. loins; lower back
rejeton offspring
rejoindre irr. to join; re-
join
VOCABULAIRE
réjouir to rejoice, gladden; se — to enjoy one’s self relacher to relax, loosen le relai relay la relation relation (all senses) relever /v.-int. to lift; arise,
spring (from de); treat (wounds) ; se — rise le relief (x jl.) leavings, crumbs relier to join, connect (to, with a) religieux religious; m. m.
priest, monk reluire int., irr.
glisten remarquable remarkable la remarque remark; notice remarquer to remark, notice rembourré padded le reméde remedy remémorer (un fait 4 quelquw’un) to remind remettre irr. to replace; Puteen again. s’en) — a torely on remonter int.
to shine,
to move up;
run up; rise; date back (to a) le remords remorse remplacer to replace (by par)
remplir to fill (with de) remporter to carry off remuer to move le renard fox; Reynard) le renardeau fox cub la rencontre encounter; meeting (with de)
(personified
rencontrer to encounter; meet; se — to be met with
le rendement return (jfinancial, for labor)
le
le
la le
la la
rendre torender; give
renforcer to reinforce
renfort coll. reinforcements
renifler int. to sniff (at sur)
renne reindeer
renoncer (a inf.), tr.-int. to renounce; give up; cease
renouveler to renew
renseigner to inform
rentrer (dans) int. (aux. étre) to enter, reénter; come under; return
renverser to overturn, upset
répandre to spread, distribute; se — to be distributed; scatter
réparation repair
réparer to repair
répartir int. to be divided
repas repast, meal; dinner
répété repeated
répétition repetition; carabine 4 — repeating rifle
replier to fold in; close
répondre (a) int. to respond; answer; correspond
réponse response, answer
repos repose, rest; au — at rest
représentant representative
représentation representation
représenter to represent
reprise occasion; resumption
reprocher (de inf.) proach (with, for)
reproduire ivr. to reproduce
reptation crawl, crawling
reptile reptile
reptilien reptilian
république republic
répugner to be difficult for, be repugnant to
to re-
la
le
le
le le
la le
le
répulsion repulsion; dislike réputation reputation
réputé noted, celebrated
réseau net-work
réserver to reserve, keep; devote
résistant resistant
résister (4) int. to resist; withstand
résoudre int., irr. to re-
solve; solve
respect respect
respecter to respect
respirer int. to breathe
ressemblance resemblance
ressembler (a) int. to resemble
ressentiment resentment
resserrer to place closer; tighten
ressort spring (of steel)
ressource resource
restant rest, remainder
reste rest, remainder; change (money)
rester int. (aux. usually étre) to rest; remain; il me reste a (inf.) it remains for me (to)
restriction restriction
résultat result
résulter int. to result (from de)
résumé summing up; en — to sum up in conclusion
résumer to sum up
retarder to retard
retentir inf. to resound; ring out retiré remote (from de)
retirer to draw back, pull back; pull out; se — to retire
le
la se
se
la le
le le
la se
la
VOCABULAIRE
retour return
retourner fr.—int. to turn over; turn around; re- CUI nS Ct CO MmEDLLTED (one’s self) around
retraite retreat
rétrécir to grow narrow
retrouver to find (by search); find again; se — to find each other
réunir to unite; get together
réussir (4 inf.), int. to succeed
réveiller to awaken; se — to get awake
révéler to reveal
revenir int., irr. (aux. étre) to return
revolver (revolver) revolver (Eng. word)
revue review
rez-de-chaussée floor
rhinocéros rhinoceros
Rhodésie Rhodesia (Brit.
state in S. Africa)
riche rich
richesse riches, wealth
ridiculement ridiculously
rien (ne before v.) nothing; en — in no respect
rigoureux rigorous
ripaille revelry, feasting
risque risk; courir le — de (inf.) to run the risk of
risquer ¢r.—int. to risk (de inf. or que with subj.)
rivage bank, shore
rival rival; sans — rivaled
rive bank, shore
river to be riveted
riverain river-side
riviére river
ground
un-
VOCABULAIRE
la robe robe; dress; coat (of animal) robuste robust rocailleux stony la roche rock (detached mass) le rocher rock (cliff) rocheux rocky
roder int. to roam; prowl le r6deur prowler le roi king le r6éle réle, part (in a play); function
romain Roman le roman romance, novel rompre to break la ronce wild thorn bush; lique barbed wire rond round la ronde round space; ala — all around
raspberry ; meétal-
rondement roundly, vigorously ronfler int. to snore le rongeur rodent
le roquet cur, fice, ‘‘ mutt” le roti roast la roue wheel rouge red rougeatre reddish rouler fr.—int. to roll la roussette flying fox (large
bat) la route route, way, road, highway; en — or en cours de — on the way rouvrir irr. to reopen roux, rousse red; tawny royal royal la ruade kick la ruche bee-hive; swarm of bees
le rucher bee’s nest rude rude, rough, coarse rudimentaire rudimentary
la le
le la
le
le la
rue street rugir int. .to roar rugissement roaring, roar
ruminant ruminant ruse ruse; cunning rusé crafty, cunning russe Russian
s’ elided form of se
sa see son
sable sand
sablonneux sandy
sabot hoof, shoe
sabre saber; cutlass
sac sack, bag
sachant pr. p. of savoir
sacrifice sacrifice
sacrifier to sacrifice one’s self
sacro-saint ditional
sagace sagacious
sagacité sagacity
sagaie assegai, javelin
sagesse wisdom
Sahara the Sahara (desert)
saignée blood-letting
saigner int. to bleed
sain sound, healthy
saisir to seize
saison season
saluer to salute, greet
salut safety
sang blood
sanglant bloody
sanglier wild boar
sanguinaire bloodthirsty
sanguivore blood-eating
sans without
sans que conj.
without
santé health
(la) sarigue
satisfaction
satisfaire irr.
sacrosanct, tra-
with subj.
opossum satisfaction to satisfy
le le
le la
la
la
le la le le
sauf, sauve safe; sain et — safe and sound
sauf save; but for; except
saugrenu absurd
saumon salmon
saurien saurian; great lizard
saut bound, leap
sauter int. to leap, jump
sauvage savage; wild
sauvegarde safeguard
sauver to save
savant educated; trained
savant scientist
savate savate (a form of boxing in which kicking is allowed)
savoir irr. to know (mentally); know of; with inf.
know how, hence succeed in, be able to
savourer to enjoy (by eating) :
science science
scientifique scientific
scolaire scholarly, learned
scrupule scruple, hesitation; se faire — to have scruples
se 3d pers. refl. pro. himself, herself, itself; themselves; one’s self
sec, séche dry; quick, sharply
sécher int. to dry
sécheresse drouth
second second
seconde second (of time)
secourir irr. to succor; TeSGU eS Cla LOM!
each other
secret secret
sécurité security
seigneur lord, noble
sein bosom
as adv.
la le
le
le la la
la la le le la
le le
VOCABULAIRE
Seine Seine (river)
séjour sojourn, stay
sélection selection; selective breeding
selle saddle
selon according to
semaine week
semblable resembling, like,
similar (to a)
sembler inf. to seem
semi-aquatique semi-aquatic
semi-désertique half-desert
semi-souterrain half-subterranean
Sénégal Senegal (river and district of W. Africa)
sens sense; direction
sensation sensation
sensibilité sensibility
sensible sensitive (to 4)
sensiblement sensibly; appreciably
sente path; trail
senteur scent
sentier path; trail
sentiment sentiment
sentinelle sentinel
sentir (inf.), tr.int. to feel, smell, detect; also se —
séparer to separate (from de); se to part; break away
sept seven
septentrional northern
série series, succession
serment oath
serpent serpent
serrer to press; press close; clasp; crush
service service; faire — de to serve as
servir tr.—int., irr. to serve; — de to serve as; —4a
to serve for; se —de to
le
le le
la le la le
la
le
VOCABULAIRE
make use of; avail one’s self of
serviteur servitor, servant
seul alone; only
seulement alone; only
sévére severe, stern
sévir int. to rage, prevail (of disease or cold)
seyant pres. part. of seoir fitting well
Siconj. if; whether
si adv. so; Seenqile (with subj.) though
Sibérie Siberia
sibérien Siberian
siécle century
sien, la sienne 3d pers. poss.
pro. his, hers sieste siesta, midday rest siflement whistling; hiss-
ing; wheezing siffler int. to whistle; hiss siffet whistle; coup de — a shrill whistle signal signal signalement description (for identification) signaler to mention, point out signature signe sign signification — signification, meaning; significance signifier to signify, mean
signature
silence silence silencieusement silently silhouette silhouette,
shadow; outline sillon furrow; scar simiesque simian, ape-like simplement simply simplicité simplicity simultanément simultaneously sincérité sincerity
le
la
Ja le
la la
le
la
le le
singe ape; monkey; simlan sinistre sinister, evil sinon if not, unless
sinueux sinuous, winding
situation situation
situer fr.—int. to situate; place
six six
sobriété sobriety
sobriquet epithet, name
sociable sociable; social
social social
société society; club
sceur sister
soi 3d pers. disj. refl. pro.
one’s self
soi-disant so-called
soie bristle (of animals)
soif thirst; avoir — to be thirsty
soigner care of
soigneusement carefully
to care for, take
soin care; avoir — (de inf.) to take care of; take care to
soir evening
soit 3d sing. pres. subj. of étre (lit. be it so, let it be), all right, very well; whether, either, or; sometimes = possibly; — ...
— either 5 2% Or
soixantaine sixty group)
soixante sixty
sol soil, ground; surface
soleil sun
solidement solidly
solipéde solid-hoofed
solitaire solitary; en —s alone
solitude solitude
solliciter to solicit; entice
(as a
le
le le
le la
la
le
le
Ss
oO
Somaliland Somaliland (district of E. Africa)
sombre dark
sommairement briefly
somme sum, amount; en — on the whole, after all
somme burden, load; béte de — pack animal
sommeil sleep; nap
sommet summit, top
somnoler int. to doze
son 3d pers. s. poss. adj.
(f. sa; pl. ses) his, her, its
son sound
Sonde the Sunda archipelago
songer (a inf.) think of
sonner ?r.—int.
ring (a bell)
sonore sonorous; loud
sonorité sonorousness ; loudness
sort fate, lot
sorte sort, kind
sortir int.—tr., irr. (aux. étre) to go out; come out; put out
souche tree trunk; stump
souci care, anxiety (for de) soudain sudden; suddenly
souffle breath; wind; 4a bout de — out of breath
souffler int. to blow; puff
soufflet bellows
to dream of;
to sound;
souhaiter ¢r.int. to hope; wish souillé soiled; used
soulever to pick up, lift
soumettre (a) ivr. to submit to; obey
soumis subject (to a)
soupconner to suspect
la la
le la
le la
le
le le le le le le la
la
VOCABULAIRE
soupirer it. to sigh (for, aprés)
souplesse suppleness
source source; spring (of water)
sourd low, dull (sound)
sourire int., irr. to smile
sourire smile
souris mouse
sournois crafty
sous under
sous-bois underbrush
sous-race sub-species
soustraire irr. to withdraw; protect (by removal, from de)
soutenir 7rr. to sustain
souterrain subterranean
souvenir (de) irr. (awx. étre) to remember
souvenir souvenir, memento; memory souvent often souverain sovereign; as 7.
ruler souveraineté sovereignty spacieux spacious; capacious spécial special; specialized spécialement specially spécialiste specialist spécimen specimen spectacle spectacle; sight spectateur spectator sport sport (Eng. word) squelette skeleton
stabilité stability
stoique stoical, stolid
strict strict
strident shrill
structure structure
stupéfiant stupefying ; amazing
stupéfier to amaze, astonish stupide stupid
la le
la
le
la
la la
la
VOCABULAIRE
stupidité stupidity
stylet little point
su p.p. of savoir
subir to undergo; meet with
subsistance subsistence, food, supplies
successif successive
successivement one after another; alternately
succomber (4) int. to succumb (to)
succulent succulent, delicious
sucer to suck
suceux sucking; sucker
sud the South
sud-africain South African
suffire (a or de inf.), int., irr.
to suffice, be enough
suffisamment sufficiently
suffisance sufficiency; a leur — as much as they want
suinter int. to drip, ooze
Suisse Switzerland
suite series ; ‘‘ what follows” ; de — in succession
suivre irr. to follow, pur-
sue; follow up, continue sujet (a) (f. -ette) subject
(to 4); — a caution to
be accepted with reserve Sumatra Sumatra (island)
superbe superb, magnificent superficiel superficial
supérieur superior (to a)
supplémentaire supplementary
supplication entreaty
supplice torture; penalty
supportable endurable
supporter to support, endure; hold
supplication,
la
la
le
la le
la
la le la la
supposer to suppose suppression suppression ; elimination
sur on, upon; in; over, above; about, concerning; out of (in counting ; e.g. 9 out of To)
sir sure
surélevé raised
surexcité overexcited surface surface
surgir int. to surge; rise up; rush out
surmom surname; common name
surnommer to name
surprenant surprising
surprendre ivr. to surprise
surpris surprised
surprise surprise
sursaut start (of surprise) ; jump; en — witha start
surtout above all, especially survécu p.p. of survivre survivance survival survivant survivor survivre int., irr. to survive susceptible (a) susceptible suspect suspicious suspendre to suspend, hang sut see savoir Sydney Sydney
Australia) symétrique sympathie
terest sympathique sympathetic; ' hence agreeable, popular Syrie Syria
(city in symmetrical sympathy; in-
table table tableau picture tache spot tache task
tacher (de inf.), int. to try
tacite tacit la tactique tactics la taille bulk, size; form; stature; height; waist taillé cut; chipped tailler to cut le taillis undergrowth tamponner to stanch (flow of blood) tandis que la taniére den tant so much; — de so much (of); so many (of) ;
while
= (EC 2a lhe ess =
-..- que so long as, so
much. as; eas) well a GS
tant6t sometimes se tapir to squat tapisser to carpet taquiner to torment, tease tard late tarder (4 inf.), int.
slow (to) le tarpan tarpan (species of wild horse extinct in recent time) tartarinesque Tartarinesque (i.e. like Tartarin) la Tasmanie Tasmania (island) la tasse cup la taupe mole le taureau bull technique technical la teinte tint; color tel, telle such; such as; for instance; un — such a témoigner to show; give proof (of de) le témoin witness la température temperature tempéré temperate la tempéte tempest, storm le temps time; weather; time
to be
VOCABULAIRE
to (de inf.); a — in time; de — en — from time to time tenace tenacious; enduring la tenacité tenacity la tenaille tongs, pincers, pliers tenailler to torture; pinch
la tendance tendency tendre tender
tendre to extend, stretch; hang
ténébreux dark, gloomy
tenir irr. to hold; — 4 (inf.) to feel bound to, must; se — to keep one’s self (im certain state or
position) ; stand; remain la tentative attempt la tente tent
tenter (de inf.), tr—int. to attempt, try le terme term terminer /r.—int. to termi-
nate, conclude, end; also
le terrain terrain; ground; area; ‘field of honor”’
(i.e. place of duel) terrasser to strike to earth; beat down; lay low la terre earth; ground, land la Terre de Feu Tierra del Fuego (s. extremity of S.
America) terrestre terrestrial, (in adj. sense) la terreur terror terrible terrible terriblement terribly
land
terricole dwelling on the ground
les terricoles m. pl. grounddwellers
VOCABULAIRE
le terrier burrow; den terrifier to terrify terrifique terrific le territoire territory terroriser to terrorize la téte head; often in counting animals, so many “head”; mauvaise — hot-head, ‘‘ bad actor ”’ le thé tea le théatre theater; scene la théorie theory thoracique thoracic (fertaining to the chest cavity) la tiédeur warmth le tigre tiger el tigré Spanish name for jaguar timide timid la timidité timidity le tir fire; firing (of gun) tirer to draw, pull; derive; fire (a gun) (at, on sur); se — daffaire to get out of trouble le tireur marksman, shot tisser to weave le tissu tissue, substance le titre title; heading le toboggan toboggan American Indian word) la toilette toilet, dress la toison coat (of animals) ; fur le toit roof la toiture roofing, roof la téle sheet-iron latombée close (of day: cf.
night-fall) tomber int. (aux. étre) to
