Information furnished by Professor Von Diihen

for a long' time, will resuit — though it is true at a distant date — in the complète disappearance of the Lapp group — not by their destruction, but by their fusion into another race. Thus, in 1876 there were in the province of Finmark 7,008 individuals called Lapps, and 2,86o Finns, with 2,628 half-breeds of différent races. In ail the Lapp families whom I visited I found one or more members whose physical constitution declared their Finnish origin — whence we may conclude that the 7,008 individuals called Lapps in the Norwegian statistics are not of pure race.

I hâve now the honour to offer for présentation to the Anthropological Institute a séries of 101 anthropological photographs which hâve been taken in the course of my tour. Each Lapp was photographed in full face and in profile, the two positions being rigorously exact, whence it follows that ail thèse photographs are comparable among- themselves.

The measuremcnts made on the living subjects were taken according to Broca's method, and yielded the following results.

The Lapp is short in stature, the mean height of 200 individuals being- lo3 mètres for the men, and 1*47 m. for the women. The Lapp is brachycephalic ; the preeeding" séries of individuals gave a mean index of 87*63 for the maies, and 86-17 for the females. The Lapp has a round visage, the mean facial index of 198 individuals being 80-32 in the men, and 8004 in the women. The check-bones are promincnt, the eyes small and sunk, the colour varying generally (in 65 per cent, of

the individuals examined) between the first two lines of Broca's chromatic table. The eyelashes are scanty, and in many cases altogether absent, having been lost by the affections of the eyes to which the Lapps are peculiarly subject, through living continually in a smoky atmosphère. The sight is very good; 38 individuals

liad an index of V = - of Snellcn, and in 5 of them

The nose is rather small, and very much inclined forwards, as may be seen in many of the pholographs exhibited, which represent the type we mostly met with. The profile of the nose varies between the numbers 2 and 3 of Broca's instructions. The mean nasal index is 74-59 for the maies, and 73 64 for the females (in 121 individuals). The mouth is large, the mean for 120 subjects being above 5 centimètres. The lips are of moderate size and straight; the teeth vertical, and often worn; the chin is pointed; the hair is wavy and shilling; many of the Lapps become bald early. They hâve but little beard ; and this, when présent, is sparse. The colour of the skin varies between numbers 24 and 26 of Broca's instructions : it is often deepened by the smoko in which the Lapps habitually live, and by dirl. Even young men bave the skin much wrinkled, and this, added to the other characters previously cited, makes them appear prematurely old.

1. Dr. H. Snellen, "Optotypen,lotbepaling derGezichtscherpte." Utrecht, 1882.

The voice is high-pitched and rather weak. The legs are generally short ; the ratio of the seated figure to the crect figure being for 112 subjects, 52-90 for the men, and 52:98 for the women ; but it should be remarked that appearances rather deceive in this respect, as the Lapp ahvays stoops in walking. The ratio of the head to the total height is, on an average of 110 individuals, 14*23 for the maies and li'53 for the females.

In conséquence of defectivc nutrition the Lapp is ahvays thin, but his muscular System is well developed. He is very agile, is a good walker, and in winter, bv aid of snow-shoes, covers enormous distances on the ice. The Lapps enjoy good health, but they lose manv ehildren for want of due care. In temper the Lapp is mild; he seeks to gain his end by a ruse rather than by violence. Although every one carries a knife, sanguinary conflicts are rare. It is often supposed that the Lapps live in a Savage state, but this is quite incorrect; they enjoy the same rights and are subject to the saine dutiesas the Norwegians among whomthey live.

Such are the chief anthropological results of my journey in Lapland. I may add that I intend preparing a work on the Lapps similarto thatinwhich I bave treated of the inhabitants of Surinam, in Guiana, a copy of which I bave presented to the library of the Anthropological Institute.

[Reprinted from the Journal of the Anthropological Institute, November, 1885.]

es C/3

PRINCE ROLAND BONAPARTE