ABRÉVIATIONS

adj, " adjective

adv. » adverb

cond, - conditional

conj, — conjunction

def, « deônite

/. - féminine

fut. = future

imp, - imperfect

imv, - imperative

ind, « indicative

inj, - infinitive

intr. «- intransitive

m. - masculine

part, «- participle

^/. -" plural

p, p, = past participle

prep, - préposition

^w. - présent

pron, - pronoun

svbj, = subjunctivc

/r. - transitive

w. - with

(In view of the fact that Petits Contes de France îs a first-year book, the vocabulaiy includes ail essential verb fonns and explanatoiy notes.)

accepter, to accept; accepta, acceptèrent (past def,), acceptée.

accompagner, to accompany; accompagna (past def.), accompanied ; accompagneras {fut.), wîll accompany.

accomplir, to accomplish.

accorder, to give.

accueillir, to greet; accueillirent {past def,), greeted.

acheter, to buy; acheté, -e {p- P')f bought; achèterai (/«/.), shall buy.

acier, m,, steel.

acrobate, m., acrobat.

adieu, m., farewell.

admettre, to admit.

administration, /., administration, government.

admirable, admirable.

admiration, /., admiration.

admirer, to admire; admiraient {itnp,), were admiring.

admis, -e {p, p. of admettre), admitted.

adopté, -e, adopted.

a {près, ind, of avoir), bas; il y a, there is, there are.

à, at, to, of, on, in, with, by, for, from, around ; à cause de, because of; à cheval, on horseback; à côté de, beside; à droite, on the right; à gauche, on the left.

abandonner, to abandon ; abandonné, -e {p. p.), abandoned; abandonnez {près, ind,), do abandon.

abattre, to crush; abattit f {past def.), crushed.

abdiquer, to abdicate.

' abjurer, to abjure, renounce ; abjura {past def.), renounced, abjured.

abolition,/., abolition.

abord : d'— , first, at first.

absolument, absolutely.

absorber, to absorb.

abstrait, -e, abstract.

abus, m,, abuse.

accent, m., accent.

iS6

adopter, to adopt.

adopti-f, -ve, ad^pted.

adorer, to adore; adoraient

(itnp.)y adored.

adresse, /., address.

adresser: s' — , to address

one's self, address.

affaire, /., affair; pL, business.

affecter, to prétend, make

believe; affectait (imp.),

made believe.

affection, /., affection.

affreu-z, -se, terrible.

âge, tn.f âge ; quel — a-t-il ?

how old is he?

agriculture,/., agriculture, ahl ahl

ai (près, ind. ofvroii), hâve, aide, /., help, aid.

aider, to help.

aigle, m,, eagle.

aile, /., wing.

ailleurs, adv,, elsewhere ; d'— -,

besides.

aimant, -e, loving.

aimé, -e, loved.

aimer, to love, like ; aimaient,

aimait (im^.), loved, liked;

aimeront {fut.), will love ;

aimez {près. ind. and imv.),

love, ainsi, thus.

air, m. y air, tune; avoir V —

de, to look like.

iUz-la-Chapelle, capital of

the empire of Charlemagne.

ajouter, to add; ajouta {pasi

de/.), added.

alerte, alert, sprightly, lîvely.

Alexandre, m., Alexander, Emperor of Russta during the Napoleonic Wars.

Alger, m., Algiers, capital of Algeria, on the Mediter-| ranean Sea.

allemand, -e, German.

Allemand, m., German.

aller, to go; w. inf,, to be about; alla {pasi de/.), went, did go; allaient, allait, allions {imp.)j went, were (was) going, did go; were (was) about; allons (près. ind. and imv.), are going ; come I corne on !

Alliés, m. pl.y Allies.

alors, then, therefore.

Alsace, a former province of France, ceded to Germany in 1871; la Haute — , Upper Alsace.

alsacien, -ne, Alsatian.

Alsacien, m., Alsatian.

ambition,/., ambition.

âme,/., soûl.

américain, -e, American.

ami, m., friend.

amie, /., friend.

Amiens, a city of northern France.

amitié, /., friendship.

amour, m., love.

amoureu-z, -se, in love.

amuser, to amuse; s' — , to amuse one's self.

an, m., year; avoir sept — s, to be seven years old;

Jour de PAn, New Year's Day.

ancien, -ne, former.

âne, m,, donkey.

ange, m,, angel.

anglais, -e, English.

Anglais, m,, Englishman ; les — , the English.

Angleterre,/., England.

angoisse, /., anguish.

animal, m., animal.

année, /., year; toute V—, the whole year.

annoncer, to announce, tell; annonça (past defJ), announced, told ; annoncé, -e (p. p.), announced; annoncèrent (past def,)y an^ nounced.

anoblir, to ennoble; anoblit {près, ind,), ennobles.

antichambre, /., hall.

Antoine, m,, Anthony.

anxien-z, -se, anxious.

août, m., August.

apercevoir, to perceive, see, notice ; aperçoit (près, ind,), sees, notices; aperçus, aperçut (past de/.), saw, noticed.

api : pomme d' — , /., small red apple.

apparaissent, apparaît (près.

ind. oj apparaître), appcar(s).

apparaître, to appear.

apparence, /., appearance.

apparition, /., apparition.

appartement, m., apartment.

appartenait (imp. of appartenir), belonged.

appartenir, to belong.

appartient (près. ind. of appartenir), belongs.

apparut (past def. of apparaître), appeared.

appel, m.f call, roll call; appeal.

appeler, to call, summon ; appela (past def.), called; appelaient (imp.), were calling; appelle (près, ind.), call; s' — , to be called, be named ; s'appelait (imp.), was called ; t'appelles (près, ind.), are called; comment t'appellestu? what is your name?

apporter, to bring; apporta (past def.), brought; apportait (imp.), was bringing; apporté, -e (p. p.), brought.

apprendre, to leam, hear of ; teach, tell; apprenant (près, part.), learning, hearing of; apprendras (fut.), will leam ; apprennent (près, ind.), leam, do leam«

apprit (past def. of apprendre), told, learned.

approcher, to approach, draw near; sent — la mort, feels deathapproaching; s* — , to draw near.

après, prep., after; d'— , from, according to.

après, adv., after, afterwards.

après-midi, m., afternoom

Arabie, /., Arabia.

arbre, m., tree.

arche, /., arch.

Arcole, scène of Napoleon's defeat of the Austrians, Nov. 17, 1796.

ardemment, eagerly.

argent, w., silver; money.

arme, /., arm, weapon; homme d' — s, soldîer.

armée, /., army.

armer, to arm, man (a boat) ; armèrent (pastdef,), armed, manned; s' — , to arm one*s self.

armistice, m., armistice.

Arques, a village in northern France.

arracher, to tear away, tear off ; arracha (past de/.), tore away, tore ofiF.

arranger, to arrange; arrangeant {près, part.), arranging.

arrêter, to arrest, stop; arrêté, -e {p. p,), stopped; s'—, to stop; s'arrêtait (itnp.), stopped; s'arrête, s'arrêtent (près, ind.), stop(s).

arrière, m., back.

arrière-garde,/., rear guard.

arrivée, /., arrivai.

arriver, to arrive, corne ; — à, to succeed in ; arriva, arrivai, arrivèrent (past de/,), arrived, came; arrivaient, arrivait (imp.), were (was) arrivîng, arrived ; arrivé, -e

(p. p.), arrived; était arrivé, had arrived.

arrogant, -e, arrogant.

articuler, to articulate.

artillerie, /., artillery.

artiste, m., artbt.

artistique, artistic.

as (près. ind. of avoir), hâve.

aspirant, m., midshipman.

assassiner, to assassinate ; assassiné, -e (p. p.), assassinated.

assembler, to assemble; assemblé, -e (p. p.), assembled.

asseoir, to seat; s' — , to sit down.

assez, enough, quîte.

assiégé, -e, besieged.

assiéger, to besiege ; assiégea (past def.), besieged.

assiette,/., plate.

assis, -e (p. p. of asseoir), seated. ^

assit : s'— (past def. of s'asseoir), sat down.

assurer, to assure.

Atlantique, Atlantic.

atroce, atrocious, cruel.

attacher, to attach, tie, fasten; attaché, -e (p. p.), attached, tied.

attaquer, to attack; attaquerez (fut.), will attack.

atteindre, to attain, reach.

atteint, -e (p. p. 0/ atteindre), attained, reached.

atteler, to harness; attelez (imv.), harness 1

Vocabulaire

attendre, to wait, wait for, await ; attend, attends (près. ind.)f is (are) waiting for, a wait (s); attendaient, attendait (itnp,), waited, were (was) waiting for; attendez (près. ind. and t>»».)» wait for 1 wait I attendit {past def,)y waited for, awaited ; attendra (fut.), will wait for.

attention,/., attention.

attentivement, attentively.

attirer, to attract; draw down; attire (près, ind.), draws down; attiré, -e (p. p.), attracted.

attraper, to catch.

au » à le.

auberge, /., inn.

Auerstœdt, a village in Sazony, the scène of a battle in which the French defeated the Prussians, 1806.

augmenter, to increase ; augmentait (imp.)f increased.

aujourd'hui, to-day.

auparavant, adv., before.

aura (fut. of avoir), will hâve ; il y — , there will be.

auraient, aurait (près. cond.

of avoir), would hâve.

auras, aurez (fut. of avoir), will hâve.

aurions (près. cond. of avoir), would havc.

aussi, also, as.

aussitôt, immediately.

Austerlitz, a town in Austria,

scène of a battle in which Napoléon defeated the Aus* trians and Russians, 1805.

autant (de), as much, as many.

autour (de), around.

autre, other ; — chose, anything else.

autrefois, formerly.

Autriche, /., Austria.

Autrichien, m., Austrian.

aux a à les.

avaient, avais (imp. of avoir), had.

avait (imp. of avoir), had;

— besoin de, needed;

— Pair de, looked like ; — peur, was afraid; — raison, was right; — sept ans, was seven years old; il y — , there was, there were ; il y — eu, there had been.

avance, /., advance; d' — ,

in advance.

avancer, to advance, go for-

ward ; avançait (imp.), was

advancing ; avançant ( près.

part.), advancing; s' — , to

advance.

avant, before ; — de, before ;

— de mourir, before dying.

avare, miserly, stingy.

avec, with.

avenir, m., future.

aventure,/., adventure.

avez (près. ind. of avoir),

hâve.

aviez (imp. of avoir), had.

a^is, m., ad vice, avoir, to hâve, hold.

avouer, to confess.

avril, m., Aprii.

ayant (près, part, of avoir), having.

bah! bahl

baïonnette, /., bayonet.

baiser, m., kiss.

baisser, to lower; baissaient

(imp.), lowered.

bal, m.f bail.

Bâle, a city in Switzerland, on

the Rhine.

balle,/., bullet.

ballon, m,, balloon.

banc, m,f bench.

bande,/., band, crowd.

banque,/., bank.

banquet, m., banquet.

baron, m., baron, barque,/., bark, boat.

bas, adv.f low; tout —, in a

very low tone of voice.

bas, -se, adj., low, lowered.

Bastille, a prison in Paris

where enemies of the state

were imprisoned.

bat : se — {près. ind. of se

battre), âghts, is fighting.

bataille, /., battle.

bataillon, m., battalion.

bâtir, to buUd; bâti, -e

{p. p.)y built; bâtit (past

def.), built.

bâton, m., stick, battement, fi»., palpitation.

battre, to beat, strike, defeat; battait [imp.), beat; battez (près. ind. and imv.), strike, do strike ; battit {past def.), struck, defeated; battu, -e (p. p.),^ beaten, def eated ; se — , to fight.

bavarder, to chatter, talk; bavardaient, bavardait (imp.)f were (was) chattering, chattered.

Béam, an andent province of southem France.

beau, bel, belle, beautiful, handsome, âne ; trouver beau, to think handsome, admire. '

beaucoup (de), much, very much, many.

beau-père, f»., father-in-law.

beauté,/., beauty.

Beauvais, a town in northern France.

bel, fine, handsome; used instead of beau, btfore a vowel or silent h.

belle (/. of beau), beautiful.

bergère, /., shepherdess.

Bertrand, m., Bertram.

besoin, w., need ; avoir —, to need.

bête,/., animal.

bien, very, well, indeed, certainly.

bien-aimée, /., beloved.

bienfaitrice,/., benefactress.

bientôt, soon.

bijou, ifi., jewel. ,

Vocabulaire

bijoutier, m., jeweler.

bille,/., marble.

biographique, biographical.

bizarre, queer.

blanc, blanche, white.

blesser, to wound; blessé,

-e {p, p.)f wounded.

blessure, /., wound.

bleu, -e, blue.

bœuf, m.f ox.

boire, to drink.

bois, m», wood; pl.^ woods,

forest; un sabre de — ^

a wooden sword.

bois (près, ind, of boire), do

drink.

Bois de Boulogne, one of the

parks of Paris, boîte, /., box.

bon, -ne, good, kind, good-

natured; va. — rire, a

hearty laugh.

Bonaparte, Napoléon 's fam-

ily name.

bonbon, m. y candy.

bondir, to bound, jump ; bondissaient (imp.), jumped,

bounded.

bonheur, m., happiness, good

luck.

bonjour, good day.

bonsoir, good evening.

bord, w., border, bank ; — du

chemin, roadside.

Bordeaux, a city in France

famous for its wines.

bosse, /., hunch.

bossu, m.f hunchback.

bouche, /., mouth.

boucher, m., butcher.

bouger, to move; bougea

(pasi def,), moved, did

move.

bouillon, m., bouillon, soup.

boulanger, m., baker; chez

im — , at a baker's.

bouleverser, to upset,

trouble; bouleversait

(imp.)f upset.

bouquet, m., bouquet.

Bourbon, name of a dynasty

of French kings.

bourgeois, fi»., citizen, bourgmestre, m., burgo-

mas ter.

bourreau, m., executioner.

bout, m.j end.

branche,/., branch.

bras, m.f arm.

brave, adj., brave, brave, w., brave man.

bravo, m., bravo ; éclatait en

— s, burst into applause.

brèche, /., hole.

Bretagne, /., Brittany, a

province of northwestern

France, breton, -ne, Breton.

Briare : Canal de — , a canal

between the Loire and the

Loing.

Brienne, a town in France famous for its military school,

which Napoléon attended.

brigade,/., brigade.

brigadier, m., brigadier.

briser, to break.

bruit, m., noise, sound.

brûlant, -e, burning, eager.

brûler, to burn; brûlé, -e

{p. p.), burned; brûlait

(imp.), burned.

brusquement, roughly, ab-

ruptly.

brusquerie, /., abruptness.

brutal, -e, brutal.

bûcheron, m.j woodcutter.

buisson, m., bush.

bureau, «., ofiSce ; chef de — ,

head of the office.

, buvait (imp, 0/ boire), drank.

c' = ce.

ça (contraction of cela), that, that one, it; — mord, there*s a bite; c'est—, that*s it ; c'est comme —, it's like that, that*s it.

cabalistique, cabalistic.

cabinet, m., study, close t.

cacher, to hide; cachait (imp.)f hid; cachant ( ^r^^.

part.), hiding; caché, -e (p. p.), hidden; cacherons (fut.), shall hide; se —, to hide.

cadeau, m,, présent; — de Noël, Christmas gift.

café, m., coffee.

calme, adj., calm.

calme, m., calm, peacef ulness ; avec — , calmly, quietly.

calmer, to calm, quiet ; calmé, -e (p. p.), calmed; se — , to calm one*s self; calmetoi (tmv.)> calm yourself I

camarade, m., comrade.

camp, m., camp.

campagnards, m. pi., country

people. • campagne, /., country; cam-

paign.

canal, m., canal.

caniche, m., poodle.

canon, m., cannon.

canot, m., boat ; — de sauvetage, lifeboat.

cantinière,/., canteen woman.

capable, capable, capitaine, m., cap tain.

capti-f, -ve, captive.

captive,/., captive.

capitivtté, /., captivity.

car, for, because.

cardinal, m., cardinal, carreau, m,, pane of glass.

carrière,/., career.

carte, /., card ; — de visite,

vîsiting card; tireuse de

— s, fortune teller.

casserole, /., saucepan.

cathédrale,/., cathedral. catholique, Catholic.

cause, /., cause; à — de,

because of.

causer, to speak, talk, chat;

causa (past def.), talked;

cause (près, ind.), am chat-

ting, talk.

cavalier, m., horseman.

cave, /., cellar.

ce, cet, cette, adj., this, that.

ce, pron., it, he, die; — que,

what.

ceci, this.

Vocabulaire

Cécile,/., Cecilla.

cela, that.

célèbre, celebrated, well-

known.

célébrer, to celebrate; célébreraient (près. cond.)j

would celebrate.

celle, /., that; pi., those;

celle-ci, the latter.

celui> m., the one; celui-ci,

the latter; celui-là, that

one.

cent, a hundred.

centre, w., center.

cependant, however.

cercle, m., circle; club.

certain, -e, certain, sure.

certainement, certainly.

certitude,/., certainty.

ces (pi, of ce), thèse.

cesser, to cease; cesseraient

(près, cond.), would cease;

cessèrent (past de/.),

ceased.

cette (/. of adj, ce), thîs.

chacun, each one.

chagrin, m., sorrow.

chaîne, /., chaîn.

chaise, /., chair.

chambre, /., room.

champ, m., field.

Champs Elysées, one of the

most beautifid avenues in

Paris, chanceler, to stagger; chancelant (près, pari.), stagger-

îng.

changer, to change; changé,

-0 (p. p.), changed.

chanson, /., song.

chant, m., song.

chanter, to sing.

Chanteraine, a suburb of

Paris, chapeau, m., hat ; — de soie,

silk hat.

chaperon, m., hood; le petit

Chaperon Rouge, little Red

Riding Hood.

chaque, each.

charge, /., charge.

charger, to order ; se — , to

take charge of .

chariot, m., cart.

Charlemagne (742-814), Em-

peror of the Holy Roman

Empire.

Charles Vn, King of France,

charmant, -e, charming.

charpente, /., framework.

charpentier, m., carpenter.

charrette, /., cart.

chasse,/., hunt ; aller à la — ,

to go hunting.

chasser, to hunt, drive, drive

away, drive o.ut; chassa

(pasl def.), drove away;

chassé, -e (p. p.), driven

out.

chat, m., cat.

château, m., castle.

chaud, -e, warm, hot.

chaudement, warmly.

chaussure, /., shoe.

chavirer, to capsize ; chaviré,

-e (p. p.), capsized.

chef, m., chief, head.

chemin, m., path, way, road ; le bord du — , the roadside.

chendaêe, f,f fireplace.

cher, chère, dear.

chercher, to get, look, look for, seek; chercha, cher-' dièrent (past de/.), looked (for), sought; cherchaient, cherchait iimp.)y were (was) looking for ; cherchez (près, ind.), seek, look, look for.

chéri, m., dear.

cheval, f»., horse; à — , on horseback.

chevalier, m., knight.

chevaucher, to ride.

cheveu, m., hair.

chevreuil, m,, buck.

chevron, m., chevron.

chez, at the house of, to the house of, with; — elle, atherhome; — lui, home;

— moi, in my house; — qui, at or to whose house;

— vous, at your house.

chien, m., dog.

chimiste, m., chemist.

Chinon, a city in western

France, near Tours, chirurgien, m., surgeon.

choisir, to choose ; choisi, -e

(p. p.)t chosen.

chose,/., thing, fact; une — ,

something.

chut! hush!

cicatrice, /., scar.

ciel, m.f sky, heaven; — I

heavens 1

cierge, m., candie.

cingler, to lash.

cinq, five.

cinquante, fif ty.

cinquante-sept, fifty-seven.

circonstance, /., circumstance.

cirque, m., circus.

Cirque, a large pleasure palace built in 1787, in the gardens of the Palais- Royal, Paris.

cité,/., city.

civil, -e, civil.

clair, -e, clear.

clameur,/., clamor.

claquer, to snap, crack (a whip).

classe,/., class.

clergé, m., clergy.

cloche, /., bell.

clocher, m., belfry.

clouer, to nail; cloué, -e (p. p.), nailed ; clouent (près, ind.), nail.

clown, m., clown.

cocarde, /., cockade.

cocher, m., coachman.

Code civil, a code of laws drawn up under the direction' of Napoléon.

cœur, m., heart; courage.

coin, m.f corner.

colère,/., anger.

collection, /., collection.

coller, to glue; collant (près, part.), glueing.

collier, m., necklace.

colline, /., hill.

Vocabulaire

colonne,/., column.

combat, m., combat.

' combattre, to fight against.

combien (de), how, how much, how many.

comble, m., summit.

commander, to command, order ; commanda (past def,), commanded; commandé, -e (p. p.), ordered ; commandent (près, ind.), command.

comme, how, like, as.

conmiencement, m,y beginning.

commencer, to begîn; commença, commencèrent {past dcf.)y began; commençait (imp.), was beginning.

comment, how ; — ! what ! — cela ? how's that ?

commerce, m.f commerce,

compagnie, /., company ; dame de — , companion.

compagnon, m., companion.

comparidtre, to appear.

Compiègne, a city in northern France, on the Oise.

complètement, completely.

complice, m., accomplice.

compliment, m,, compliment.

composer, to compose ; composé, -e (p. p.)f composed.

comprendre, to understand; comprenait (im/>.), did understand, understood ; comprend (près, ind.), understands; comprenez.

comprennent (près, ind.), understand.

comprit (past de}, of comprendre), understood.

comte, m.y count.

comtesse,/., countess.

concierge, m., porter.

Conciergerie, a celebrated prison in Paris.

conclusion,/., conclusion.

concours, m., contest ; — de danses, dancing contest.

condamner, to condemn, sentence ; condamné, -e (p. p.), condemned, sentenced.

condition,/., condition.

conduire, to lead, take, convey; conduis (près, ind.), lead; conduisait (imp.), took, was leading; conduisit (past de}.) y led, took; conduit (près, ind.), takes, does take; conduit, -e (p. p.) y taken, led; capable de — , capable of leading.

confier, to confide, intrust; confie (près, ind.)^ confide, in trust.

confiture,/., préserves.

confusion,/., confusion.

conjuration, /., incantation.

connaissance, /., consciousness ; sans — , unconscious.

connidtre, to know; connais

' (près. ind.)t do know; connaissaient, connaissait (imp.), knew, did know;

connaissez, connaissons

{près, ind.)f know, do know.

connu, -e {p, p, c/ connaître), known.

conquérant, -e, conquering.

conquérir, to conquer.

conquis, -e {p. p. of conquérir), conquered.

conscience,/., conscience.

conseil, m., counsel, advice; council.

conseiller (à), to advise ; conseillait à {imp.)j advised.

consentir, to consent, agrée; consent {près, itid.), consents ; consentirait ( près, ci?»^.), would consent; consentit {past def.)j consented, agreed.

conséquence,/., conséquence ; en — , consequently.

consoler, to console.

consterner, to dismay; consterné, -e ( p. />.), dismayed.

consul, m.f consul; — à vie, consul for life.

consultation,/., consultation.

conte, f»., taie; — de fée, fairy taie.

contempler, to contemplate, look at, view; contemplais {imp.)y looked at.

contenir, to contain; contenait {imp,)y contained ; contenant {près, part.) y containing.

content, -e, happy, pleased, satisfied.

continent, m., continent.

continuer, to continue; continua ( past def.)y continued.

contrarier, to annoy; contrariera {fut.), will annoy.

contrat, m., con tract.

contre, against.

contrée, /., countryside.

convaincre, to convince ; convaincu, -e (^.^.),convinced.

conversation,/., conversation.

cor, m., horn.

corps, f»., body.

correctif, f»., corrective.

corriger, to correct.

Corse,/., Corsica.

costume, w., costume ; — de cirque, circus costume.

côte,/., coast.

côté, m., side; à — de, beside; de tous — s, from ail directions.

cou, m., neck.

coucher, to lay, lay down; se — , to lie down ; couché, -e(/r./>.),lying.

couleur,/., color.

coup, m., blow; — de ton-, nerre, clap of thunder;) tout à — , suddenly.

coupable, guilty.

couper, to eut, eut across; coupé, -e {p. p.), eut, crossed.

couple, m,, couple.

cour,/., court.

courage, m., courage; bon — 1 courage I cheer up I

courir, to run, run about, go about; couraient, courait

{ifnp.)f ran, ran about, went

aboul ; courant (près, part.),

running ; content (près.

ind.)f run.

couronne,/., crown.

couronner, to crown; va

faire — le roi ! go hâve the

king crowned !

court (près. ind. of courir),

runs.

courtisan, w., courtier.

courtois, -e, courteous.

courtoisement, courteously.

courtoisie,/., courtesy.

courut (past def. 0/ courir), ran.

cousin, m. y cousin.

coûter, to cost; coûté, -e

(^^), cost.

couteu-z, -se, costly.

couvert, -e (p. p. of couvrir),

covered.

couvrir, to cover.

cracher, to spit, spit forth.

craindre, to fear.

crains (près. ind. 0/ craindre),

fear.

crainte,/., fear.

cramponner : se — , to cling ;

cramponné, -e (p. />.), cling-

ing.

cravate,/., tie.

crédit, m., crédit, crédulité,/., credulity.

cri, m., cry, shout; — de

guerre, war cry.

crier, to cry, shout, scream ;

criera (fut.), will cry, will

scream.

crime, m., crime.

Crimée,/., Crimea; médaille

de — , medal given for

bravery in the Crimean

War, 1854-56.

croire, to believe, think;

se — , to believe one*s self.

crois (près. ind. of croire),

think.

croit (près. ind. of croire),

does believe; — à, does

believe in ; se — , believes

herself.

croix, /., cross, croyais, croyait (imp. of

croire), thought.

croyez (près. ind. of croire),

believe.

cruel, -le, cruel, crut (past def. of croire), did

believe.

cuirassier, m., cuirassier.

cuisiner, to cook.

cultiver, to cultivate.

curé, m. y pries t.

curieusement, curiously.

curieu-z, -se, curious.

curiosité, /., curiosity.

d' = de.

d'abord, first, at first.

d'ailleurs, besides.

dame, /., lady; — de compagnie, companion.

danger, m., danger.

dans, in, into, with.

danse,/., dance.

danser, to dance ; dansa ( past def.), danced; dansaient

Petità Contes de France

(imp,), danced; dansant (près, pari,) y dancing; dansèrent (past def.), danced.

danseur, m. y dancer.

danseuse,/., dancer.

Dauphin, title given the eldest son of the King of France.

de, of, to, from, at, with, in, for, by, on; sonae; — là, thence.

débarquer, to land ; débarqua {pàst def.)t landed.

debout, adv.y standing.

décembre, m. y December.

décider, to décide, persuade ; décidèrent (past def.), decided.

déclarer, to déclare; déclara (past dej.)j declared.

décoration, /., décoration.

décorer, to decorate, adorn; décorait (imp.), decorated; décoré, -e (p. p.) y adorned.

découper, to eut out ; découpait (imp.)y eut out.

découvert, -e (p. p. of découvrir), discovered.

découvrir, to discover ; se — , to be discovered; se découvrit (past def.)y was discovered.

dédaigneu-z, -se, disdainful.

défaillir, to swoon.

défaite, /., defeat.

défendre, to défend ; se — , to défend one*s self; se défendit (past def.)y defended herself, did défend herself.

défi, m., défiance, défilé, m, y pass.

défiler, to pass by.

dégager : se — -, to free one*s self ; se dégagea ( past def.) , freed himself.

déguiser, to disguise; déguisé, -e (p, p.), disguised.

déjà, already.

de 1* ( =• de la), of the, from the; some.

délai, m. y delay.

délire, m. y delirium.

délivrer, to deliver.

demain, to-morrow.

demander, to ask, ask for; demanda, demandai, demandèrent (past def.), asked, asked for; demande, demandent (près.

ind.)y ask(s).

demeurer, to live; demeuraient, demeurait (imp.), lived ; demeurez ( près, ind.). live.

demi-douzaine,/., half dozen.

demi-heure, /., half hour.

démission, /., résignation.

demoiselle,/., young lady.

dénoncer, to denounce; dénoncera (fut.) y will denounce.

départ, m.y departure.

dépêche,/., dispatch, order.

dépenser, to spend.

déposer, to deposit.

depuis, since, for.

demi-er, -ère, last.

derrière, behind.

Vocabulaire

des ( » de les), of the, from

ihe; some.

dès, prep,j from; — lors,

from that time on.

désastre, m., disaster.

descendre, to descend, come down, alight ; descend {près. ind.)y descends, comes down, alights; descendait (imp. ) , came do wn , came out, alighted; descendirent, descendit ( past def.), came down ; descends {iinv.)j come down ! descends voir, come and see !.

dêàert, -e, deserted.

dêéespêré, -e, despairing.

désespérer, to despair.

déshonneur, m., dishonor.

désillusion, /., disillusionment.

désillusionner, to undeceîve; désillusionné, -e {p. p.), disillusioned.

désir, m.f désire.

désirer, to désire; désirait (imp.), desired; désirez (près, ind.), do désire ; que désirez-vous ? what do you want?

désolé, -e, despairing.

dessin, m., drawing.

détacher, to uïifasten.

détail, m., détail.

détester, to hâte; détestait {imp.), hated.

détresse,/., distress.

détruire, to destroy.

deux, two ; tous les — , both.

deuxième, second.

devait {imp. of devoir), was

to, had to.

devant, before, in front of, in

the présence of ; il marcha

— lui, he marched straight

ahead.

devenait {imp. of devenir),

was becoming, became.

devenir, to become.

devenu, -e {p. p. of devenir),

become ; qu'es-tu — ?

what has become of you ?

devez {près, ind of devoir),

do owe.

devient {près. ind. 0/ devenir),

becomes.

devint {past def. of devenir),

became.

devise,/., motto.

devoir, #»., dut y.

devoir, /r., to owe.

devoir, intr., to be to, hâve to ;

must.

dévouement, m., dévotion.

diable, m., de vil.

diamant, m., diamond.

Dieu, f»., God; le bon — ,

God ; mon — I heavens !

difficile, difficult.

dififorme, deformed.

digne, dignified; worthy.

Dijon, a city of eastern

France, dimanche, w., Sunday ; le — ,

ob Sundays.

diminuer, to diminish, make

smaller.

dîner, m., dinner.

dira, dirai (fut. of dire), will say, will tell.

dirait {près. cond. of dire), would say ; on — , it looks like.

dire, to say, tell ; c'est-à-dire, that is to say ; j'ai entendu — , I hâve heard it said.

directeur, w., director, chief.

dirent {past def. of dire), told.

diriger, to direct; dirigea {past def.) y directed; dirigeaient {imp.)j were directing.

dis {près, ind. and imv. of dire), say, tell; — donc!

I say I

dis {past def. of dire), said.

disait {imp. of dire), said, would say.

disant {près. part, of dire), saying.

disent {près. ind. of^é), say, tell.

disparaître, to disappear ; disparaissant {près, part.) y disappearing ; disparaissent, disparait (près, ind.) y disappear (s) ; disparu, -e {p. p.) y disappeared ; disparut {past def.) y disappeared.

distance,/., distance.

distinguer : se — , to distinguish one's self; se distingua {past def.), distinguished himself.

dit {près. ind. and imv. of dire), says, tells; say I

dit, -e {p. p. of dire), said, told.

dites {près. ind. and imv, of dire), tell, do say.

divers, -e, various, several.

dix, ten.

docteur, m., doctor.

doigt, m. y finger.

dois, doit {près. ind. of devoir), owe(s), do (does) owe; must.

domestique, m., servant.

dominer, to dominate ; dominait {imp.) y dominated.

Domremy, a village in eastern France, on the Meuse.

donc, then, therefore.

donner, to give, give up, hand in; donna, donnai {past def.) y gave; donnais, donnait {imp.) y gave, was giving; donne, donnez {près, ind. and imv.), give, give up; donné, -e {p. p. ), given; donnera (/«/.), will give ; donnai ma démission, handed in my résignation.

dont, of which, of whom.

dormir, to sleep; dormait {imp.), was sleeping.

Dorothée, /., Dorothea, Dorothy.

dort {près. ind. of dormir), sleeps, is sleeping.

dose,/., dose.

dot,/., dowry.

d'où, whence.

doucement, quietly; slowly.

douceur,/., gentleness.

douleur, /., grief, suffering.

douleureu-z, -se, sorrowf ul.

Vocabulaire

doute, m, y doubt.

douter, to doubt; doutait

(imp.)f did doubt.

doux, douce, sweet, gentle.

douze, twelve; de — ans,

twelve years old.

douzième, twelfth.

drap, w., cloth; sheet.

drapeau, m., âag.

droit, m. y right.

droite, /., right ; à — , on the

right.

drôle, funny.

du ( « de le), of the, from

the; some.

duc, m. y duke. Durandal, name of Roland's

sword.

durer, to last; dura (past

def.), did last.

dynastie,/., dynasty.

eau,/., water.

éblouir, to dazzle ; ébloui, -e (p. p,)y dazzled; éblouissant (près, part.) y dazzling.

ébrêcher, to notch; s* — , to become notched.

échafaud, m., scaffold.

échanger, to excharîge.

échapper, to escape ; échappé, -e {p, p.), escaped.

échelle, /., ladder.

échevin, m., aider man.

écho, m. y écho.

éclair, m. y flash, gleam; jetaient des — s, flashed.

éclairer,^ to light.

éclat, m. y outburst, splendor ;

— de rire, burst of

laughter.

éclatant, -e, brilliant. éclater, to burst, break out ;

éclata {past def.), broke

out; éclatait {imp.)y burst;

éclatait en bravos, burst

into applause.

école, /., school; — des

pauvres, charity school ;

maître d' — , schoolmaster.

écolier, m. y scholar.

écouter, to listen, listen to;

écouta {past def.)y listened;

écoute, écoutent, écoutez

(près. ind. and imv.)y listen (s), listen (s) to.

écraser, to crush ; écrasé, -e

{p. p.) y crushed, overcome.

écrier: s* — , to cry out, ex-

claim; s'écria {past def.),

exclaîmed.

écrire, to write.

écrit, -e {p. p. ôf écrire),

written.

écrivain, w., writer.

écrivit {past def. of écrire),

wrote.

écu, m. y crown, an old French

coin, éctmie,/., foam.

écureuil, m., squirrel.

édit, m.y edict. Édit de Nantes, a decree

signed by Henry IV of

France, April 13, 1598,

securing partial freedom

of religion to his Protestant

subjects.

éducation^ /., éducation, effarer, to scare; effaré, -e

(p. p.), frightened, scared.

effet, f»., effect.

effort, m.f effort.

effrayer, to f righten ; effrayé,

-e (p. p.)y frightened.

effroi, m.f fear.

également, equally.

égalité,/., equality.

église,/., church.

Egypte,/., Egypt.

eh ! hey ! — bieni well !

Elbe,/., Elba.

élément, m., élément.

élève, m.j pupil, student.

élever, to bring up; éleva

(past def.)t brought up;

élevé, -e (p. p.), brought

Elisabeth,/., Elizabeth.

elle, she, it; her; ^/., they,

them.

éloigner, to remove, get out

of the way; éloigna (past

def.)y did get out of the

way; éloignons (imv.)^ let

us get out of the way.

embarquer : s* — , to embark ;

s'embarqua {past def.)j em-

barked.

embarrasser, to embarrass;

embarrassé, -e (p. />.), em-

barrassed.

emblème, m,, emblem.

embrasser, to embrace, kiss;

embrassa (pasi de/,).

kissed; emtn'assê, -e (p.

p.), embraced, kissed.

enmiener, to take, take

away ; enmiené, -e {p. p.),

taken ; emmenez ipres.

ind. and ifnv,)^ take away.

émotion,/., émotion, empêcher, to prevent; empêché, -e (p. p.)f prevented.

empereur, f»., emperor.

empire, m., empire; Empire,

the empire of Napoléon I

emplir, to fill; emplissait

(imp.)y filled.

employé, w., employée, clerk.

employer, to employ, use;

emploierai {fut.), shall use.

emporter, to take, take away,

carry away ; emporterai

(/«/.), shall take.

empourprer, to make purple,

make red; empourpré, -e

(p. p.) y reddened.

emprisonner, to imprison.

en, prep., as, at, during, in,

into, to, upon, while, on, by.

en, pron.f of it, of them.

enchaîné, -e, put in cliains.

enchantement, m., enchant-

ment ; comme par — , as if

by magie.

encore, still, yet, again.

encourager, to encourage ; encouragea (past def.), en-

couraged.

endormir, to put to sleep;

endormi, -e (p. p.) y asleep;

s* — , to fall asleep; 8*en-

Vocabulaire

dormit (past def.), fell asleep.

endroit» m., place.

énergie,/., energy.

enfant, m. andf.y child.

enfariner, to cover with flour ; enfariné, -e (p. p.), covered with flour.

enfermer, to inclose; enfermé, -e (/>. />.), inclosed.

enfin, finally, at last, after ail.

enlever, to take off, take away; enlève (près, ind.), takes off.

ennemi, m., enemy.

énorme, enormous.

enseigne, m.f ensign.

ensemble, together.

ensuite, then.

entendre, to hear, understand; entend (près, ind.), hears, does hear; entendais, entendait (imp.), heard, did hear; entendent, entends (près, ind.), hear; entendit (past de/.), heard; entendra (fut.), will hear; entendu, -e (p. p.), heard, understood; j'ai entendu dire, I hâve heard it said.

entourer, to surround.

entre, prep., between, among.

entrer (dans), to enter ; entra, entrai (past def.), entered; entre (près, ind.), enters.

entrevue, /., interview.

énumérer, to enumerate ;

énuméraient (imp.), enumerated.

envahir, to invade; envahirent (past def.), invaded.

envelopper, to wrap, wrap up; enveloppé, -e (p. p.), wrapped, wrapped up.

enverrai (fut. of envoyer), shall send.

enverrait (près. cond. of envoyer), would send.

environs, m. pi., neighborhood.

envoyer, to send; envoie (près, ind.), sends; envoya (past def.), sent; envoyez (près. ind. and imv.), send.

épargner, to spare, save; épargné, -e ^p. p.), spared.

épaule, /., shoulder.

épatdette,/., epaulet.

épée, /., sword.

époque, /., epoch, period, time; à 1* — de, at the time of .

épouser, to marry; épousa, épousai (past def.), married ; épouserait ( près, cond.), would marry.

épouvanter, to frighten, shock ; épouvanté, -e (p. p.), shocked.

éprouver, to expérience, meet with ; éprouverait ( près, cond.), would meet with.

épuiser, to exhaust; épuisé, -e (p. p.), exhausted.

équitation, /., horsemanship.

es (près. ind. of étre)j, are,

art ; qu'es-tu devenu ?

what has become of you ?

escalader, to scale, climb;

escaladait (imp.)y climbed,

scaled; escaladent (près,

ind.)y scale.

Espagne,/., Spain.

espagnol, -e, Spanish.

Espagnol, m., Spaniard.

espérance,/., hope.

espérer, to hope, hope for;

espérait (imp.), hoped,

hoped for. .

esprit, m.j spirit.

essayer, to try; essaie (près.

ind.)f try, tries, does try;

essaya (past de/.), tried;

essayez (près. ind. and

imv.)y try. • est, m. y east.

est (près. ind. of être), is;

— mort, died ; c'est-à-dire,

that is to say; c'est bien,

very well, ail right ; n'est-ce

pas ? do you not ?

et, and.

étable,/., barn.

établir, to establish; établit

(past def.), established;

s'—, to settle; s'établit

(pastdef.)y settled.

établissement, m., establishment.

étaient, étais (imp. of être),

were, was ; étaient entrés,

had entered.

était (imp. ofêtre), was, were ;

— parti, had gone ; — mort,

had died.

étant (près. part, of être), being.

état, m.j State.

été (p. p. of être), been.

étendard, m., standard.

êtes (près. ind. of être), are.

étions (imp. of être), were.

étoffe,/., material.

étoile, /., star; — filante, shooting star.

étonnement, m., astonishment.

étonner, to astonish.

étrange, strange.

étrangler, to strangle ; étranglé, -e (p. p.) y strangled.

être, m., being.

être, to be.

étude, /., study.

étudier, to study.

eu (p. p. of avoir), had ; il y avait — , there had been.

Europe,/., Europe.

eut (past def. of avoir), had ; il y — , there was, there were.

eux, they, them.

évanouir : s' — , to faint.

.événement, w., event.

évêque, m., bishop.

exact, -e, exact.

exactement, exactly.

examiner, to examine; examina (past def.), examined ; examinent (près, ind.) y examine.

Excellence, /., Excellency,

excellent, -e, excellent.

exciter» to excite, urge on,

Vocabulaire

arouse; excita (past def.), excited, aroused ; excitaient, excitait (imp.), excited, urged on, aroused.

exclamation, /., exclamation.

exclusi-f, -ve, exclusive.

excuse! excuse me I

excuser: s* — , to excuse one's self; s'excusa (past def.)f excused himself.

exercer, to exercise, practice.

exercice, m. y exercise.

exiler, to exile; exilé, -e ip, p.)j exiled.

expédition,/., expédition.

expérience, /., expérience.

explication, /., explanation.

expliquer, to explain; expliqua (past def.)f explained.

expression,/., expression.

exprimer, to express ; exprima {past def.)t expressed; exprimait (imp.)y expressed.

exquis, -e, exquisite.

extraordinaire, extraordinary.

Eylau, a town in Prussia, the scène of an indecisive battle between the French und^r Napoléon and the Russians and Prussians,

fabriquer, to manufacture, make ; fabriquent (près, inâ ), manufacture, make.

face,/., face.

fftcheu-x, -se, grievous, vexatious.

facile, easy.

faible, feeble.

Faidherbe, one of the French gênerais in charge of the Army of the North during the Franco-Prussian War.

faim,/., hunger.

faire, to make, do, hâve, take, give; — défaut, to commit forgery; — froid, to be cold.

fais {près, ind. and imv. of faire), do, do make, are doing.

faisaient {imp. of faire), made, were making, were doing ; — la garde, mounted guard; — bonne garde, kept good watch.

faisait {imp. of faire), made, was doing; — la guerre, waged war.

faisant {près. part, of faire), making.

fait {près. ind. of faire), makes, does, is doing, gives; — la chasse à, is hunting; — la nique à, scorns; il — froid, it is cold.

fait, -e {p. p. of faire), donc, made.

fallait: il — {imp. of falloir), it was necessary.

fameu-x, -se, famous.

famille, /., family.

famine,/., famine*

fané, -e, faded.

fantaisie,/., fancy.

lyô

fasse (près. subj. of faire),

should do.

faux, fausse, false.

favorable, favorable, favori, -te, favorite.

favoriser, to favor.

fée, /., fairy.

femme,/., woman, wife.

fenêtre, /., window.

fer, m., iron; sword.

fera (fut. of faire), will do;

— la guerre, will wage war.

ferai (fut. of faire), shall

make, shall do.

feraient, ferait (près. cond.

of faire), would make;

— semblant, would make believe.

feras (fut. 0/ faire), will make ;

tu — ta prière, you will say

your prayers.

ferblanterie,/., tin war e.

ferme,/., far m, farmhouse.

fermer, to shut, close;

ferme (près. ind. and imv.),

shut; fermé, -e (p. p.),

closed; fermerai (fut.),

shall close, fermier, w., far mer.

ferons (fut. of faire), shall

make.

fête, /., feast, holiday ; —s de

Noël, Christmas holidays.

Fête du Houblon, a holiday

to celebrate the comple-

tion of the hop picking.

feu, m,, fire.

feutre, m., felt.

février, m., February.

fiançailles, /. pL, engagement,

fiancé, m., fiancé.

fiancée,/., fiancée.

fiancer, to engage; fiança (past def.), engaged; on la fiança, she was engaged.

fidèle, faithful.

fier, fière, proud.

fièrement, proudly.

fierté,/., pride.

fièvre,/., fever.

fièvreu-z, -se, feverish.

fifre, m., fife.

figiire,/., face, figure.

figurer: se — , to imagine; figurez-vous (imv.), imagine.

filant, -e, shooting.

fille,/., girl, daughter.

fils, m., son; petit-fils, grandson.

fin, -e, bright.

fin,/., end.

finance,/., finance.

finir, to end, finish; finis (près, ind.), do finish ; finit (pastdef.), ended.

firent (past def. of faire), made, did do.

fit (past def. of faire), made, took, did do; — quelques pas, took a few steps; — sa prière, said her pra}'ers.

fixe, adj., fixed, staring.

fixement, fixedly.

fixer, to fix; fixé, -e {p. p.)^ fixed.

flairer, to snifi, smell; flaira (past def.), sniffed.

Vocabulaire

flétrir, to cause to fade;

flétri, -« {p, p.), faded.

fleur,/., flower.

fleur de lis, /., fleur-de-lis, the

conventionalized lily which

was the emblem of royalty

in France, fleuve, f»., river, flotter, to wave; flottait

(imp.)f waved.

foi,/., faith.

fois,/., time ; combien de — ,

how many times ; deux — ,

twice ; encore une — , once

more ; une — , once ; une

dernière — , for the last

time.

fonctionnaire, m., function-

ary.

fond, m., bottom, end.

font (près. ind. of faire),

make, are doing.

Fontainebleau, the château,

near Paris, where Napoléon

abdicated in 181 4.

Fontenoy, a village in Bel-

gium where Marshal Saxe

defeated the English and , Austrians, 1745. force,/., strength,might; pi.,

strength.

forêt, /., forest.

forme, /., for m. i^.

former, to form; formaient

(imp.), formed; formions

{imp.)j formed.

fort, -e, strong.

forteresse,/., fortress.

fortime,/., fortune.

fou, fol, folle, craay, crazed, wild.

fouet, m., whîp.

fouetter, to whip, lash ; fouetta, (past def,), whipped; fouetté, -^ (p. p.)i lashed.

foide, /., crowd.

fourré,/., thicket.

foyer, m., hearth, home.

frais, fridche, fresh, new.

franc, franche, frank.

franc, m., franc.

français, -e, French.

Français, m., Frenchman ; les — , the French.

France,/., France.

François, m., Francis ; — I®' (» premier), Francis I, Emperor of Austria.

frapper, to strike, clap, knock; frappé, -e (p, p.), struck.

fraternité,/., fraternity.

Frédéric, f»., Frederick.

frêle, frail.

frère, w., brother.

Friedland, a town in Prussia, scène of a battle in which the French defeated tlie Russians, 1807.

frissonner, to shudder; frissonnaient (itnp.), shuddered.

froid, -e, cold.

froid, w., cold ; faire — , to be cold.

froidement, coldly.

frontière,/., frontier.

I fruit, m., fruit.

fuient {pras. ind. ofîvài), flee.

fuir, to flee.

fuite,/., flight.

fumer, to smoke.

furent (past def, ofétré), were.

fureur,/., fury.

furieu-x, -se, furious.

fusil, m.j gun; — de paille,

straw gun.

fusiller, to shoot, fut {past def, of être), was ; ce

— une grande joie, there

was great rejoicing.

futile, futile, trivial, futur, -e, future.

gagner, to win, earn ; gagna {past def.) f won; gagné, -e {p. p.), won, earned; gagnions {imp,)y used to earn.

gaieté, /., gayety, joy; avec — > gayly.

gant, w., glove.

garçon, f»., boy.

garde, /., guard; faisaient bonne — , kept good watch ; faisait la — , mounted guard.

garder, to keep, keep up, watch, mind ; gardait {imp.)y kept, kept up; gardé, -e {p. p.), watched; gardez {près. ind. and imv.), keep.

garnison,/., garrison.

gars, f»., boy, lad.

gauche, /., left ; à — ^, on the

left.

geler, to freeze; gelé, -e

{p. p.) y frozen.

général, -e, gênerai.

général, m., gênerai.

généreu-x, -se, generous.

génie, m., genius.

genou, w., knee; à — x, on

his (their) knees.

gens, m. pi. andf. pi., people.

gentil, -le, nice.

gentilhomme, m., nobleman.

gentiment, prettily.

geste, f»., gesture, sîgn.

glace, /., mirror.

glacé, -e, icy.

glisser, to slip, gloire,/., glory.

glorieu-x, -se, glorious.

gnome, m. y gnome, goût, f»., taste.

gouvernement, w., govern-

ment.

gouverner, to govern.

grâce,/., thanks.

gracier, to pardon.

gracieu-x, -se, graceful. grade, m., rank.

grand, -e, grand, great, bîg,

large.

Grande-Terre, /., Great

Coun*ry.

grand'mère, /., grandmother.

grand-père, m., grandfather.

grave, grave, serious.

grenadier, w., grenadier, grenier, w., garret.

griffer, to scratch; griffe

Vocabulaire

(près, ind,)f scratches, is

scratching.

grimace,/., grimace, face.

grimper, to climb; grimpait

(imp.)j climbed.

grincer, to grate.

grisomier, to turn gray; grisonnant, -e (près, part.)^

turning gray.

gronder, to scold; gronde

{près, ind.)j is scolding.

gros, -se, heavy, fat, big.

groupe, f»., group.

guerre,/., war.

guider, to guide; guidait

(imp.)y guided. Guignol, Punch and Judy.

(The ♦ indicates an aspirate h.)

habiller, to dress ; habillé, -e {p. p.)t dressed.

habit, m.f suit, dress suit; pi. y clothes; ses — s de tous les jours, his everyday clothes.

habitant, m., inhabitant.

habiter, to live, live in ; habitait (imp.), lived in.

habituel, -le, habituai.

*hache, /., ax.

*hagard, -e, haggard.

*haletant, -e, panting, breathless.

*haltel haltl stopl

^ampe, /., staff.

*faAte, /., haste.

*haot, -e, high.

*haut, m.f height, top ; en —

de, at the top of.

*Haute Alsace, Upper Alsace.

hébéter, to stupefy; hébété,

-e (p. p.) y dazed. hébreu, Hebrew.

hélas! alas!

Henri, m., Henry; — TU,

Kingof France, 1574-1589;

— IV, King of France, 1589-1610.

herbe, /., grass.

héroïque, heroic.

héroïsme, m., heroism.

♦héros, m.y hero.

hésiter, to hesitate.

heure,/., hour, time, o'clock;

à neuf — s, at nine o'clock ;

de longues — s, for hours.

heureu-x, -se, happy.

*heurter, to strike ; heurtent

{près. ifui.)f strike.

histoire, /., history, story.

historien, m., historîan.

historique, hlstorical.

hiver, m., winter.

honmie, m., man, husband;

— d'armes, soldier; — de mer, sailor ; — lige, vassal.

honneur, /., honor.

*honte, /., shame.

*honteu-x, -se, ashamed.

horizon, m., horizon.

horrible, horrible.

*hors de, outside of, out of.

hospice,/., poorhouse.

hôte, m., host.

hôtel, m., hotely house ; maître d*— , butler.

*houblon, fn.y hop; Fête du Houblon, a holiday to celébrate the completion of the hop pîcking.

*huguenot> -e. Huguenot.

•huit, eîght ; — jours, a week.

humain, -e, human.

htunble, humble.

htunoristique, humorous.

♦hutte,/., hut.

ici, hère.

idéal, m., idéal, idée, f.f idea, thought.

léna, Jena, scène of Na-

poleon*s def eat of the Prus-

sians, 1806.

ignorance, f., ignorance.

ignorer, to be ignorant of , not

know; ignorait (imp.), was

ignorant of.

il, he, it.

fie,/., island.

ils, they.

image,/., picture.

imaginer, to imagine.

imbécile,/., fool.

immédiatement, i m m e d i -

ately.

immense, immense.

immobile, motionless.

immortel, -le, immortal.

impatience, /., impatience.

impératrice, /., empress.

impérial, -e, impérial.

impitoyable, pitiless.

implorer, to implore.

importance, /., importance.

important, -e, important.

impossible, impossible.

impôt, m., tax.

impuissant, -e, powerless.

incident, m., incident.

inconsolable, inconsolable.

indifférence, /., indifférence.

indifférent, -e, indiffèrent.

indispensable, indispensable.

industrie,/., industry.

inerte, motionless.

infftme, m., scoundreL

infamie,/., infamy.

infini, -e, infinité.

ingrat, -e, ungrateful.

injuste, unjust.

innocent, -e, innocent.

inquiéter, to worry, trouble; inquiétait (imp.), worried, did worry.

insensible, unmoved.

insignifiant, -e, insignificant.

insister, to insist.

inspecter, to inspect ; inspectaient {itnp.)y were inspecting.

inspiration,/., inspiration.

inspirer, to inspire; inspiré, -e ip, p.)t inspired.

instant, w., moment ; à 1* — , at this moment.

intelligent, -e, intelligent.

intéressant, -e, interesting.

intéresser, to interest.

intérêt, m., interest.

interroger, to question; interrogeaient (imp,), were questioning ; interrogent (prcs, ind.), question.

interrompre, to interrupt ; interrompant (près, part.), înterrupting.

intrigante, /., intriguer.

introduction, /., introduction.

inutile, useless.

invisible, invisible.

invitation, /., invitation.

invité, m.y guest.

inviter, to invite; invitait (ifnp.)f invited, did invite.

involontaire, involuntary.

ira, irai, irez (fut. of aller), will (shall) go.

ironique, ironical.

Italie, /., Italy; médaille d* — , medal won in the campaign of 1859 under Napoléon III.

Ivry, scène of the battle in which Henry IV defeated the Leaguers, 1590.

f -je.

Jacques, m., James.

Jacquot, m.y Jim, Jack, jaillir, to gush.

jalousie,/., jealousy.

jalou-x, -se, jealous.

jamais, never.

janvier, f»., January.

jardin, w., garden.

jaune, yellow.

je,I.

Jean, m., John.

Jeanne,/., Joan, Jane, Jennie.

Jeanne d'Arc, Joan of Arc (1412-1431)-

jeter, to throw, throw out, throw away, cast; utter; jeta (past de/.), cast, threw, threw away; jetaient, jetait (imp.), threw out, did throw out, were (was) throwing, cast ; jette {près, ind. and imv.), throws, utters; throw away, throw; se — , to throw one's self; se jette (près, ind.), throws himself, does throw himself.

jeu, f»., game ; trick.

jeune, young.

jeunesse,/., youth.

joie, /., joy; ce fut une grande — , there was great rejoicing.

joli, -e, pretty.

joue,/., cheek. ^

jouer, to play; joua (past def.)y played ; jouait (imp.), played, did play, was playing; joue (près, ind.), is playing; joué, -e (p. p.), played; jouera (fut.)y wUl play; jouait du fiîb'e, played the fife.

jouet, m.y plaything.

joueur, m.y player; — de violon, fiddler.

joujou, m.y plaything, toy.

jour, m.y day ; . Jour de l'An, New Year*s Day ; ce jourlà, that day, on that day; par — , a day ; un — , some day.

journal, m., newspaper.

journée, /., day ; tout la — ,

the whole day.

joyeusement, joyously.

joyeu-x, -se, happy.

juge, w., judge.

juillet, f»., July.

juin, m.f June. jumelle,/., spyglass.

jurer, to curse, swear ; jurent

(près. ind.)f curse, sWear,

do swear.

jusqu'à, until, as far as.

juste, adj.y just.

juste, adv.y exactly.

justice, /., justice.

1' - le or la.

la, art. y the.

la, prort.y her, ît.

là, there ; là-bas, over there, there, yonder; là-haut, up there.

laborieu-x, -se, industrious.

lâcher, to release ; lâcha {past def.), released.

Udd, -e, ugly; qu'il est — !

how ugly he is 1

laisser, to leave, let, allow; laissa (past def.), left, let, did let, did allow; laisse (près. ind. and imv.)y leave ; laissé, -e (p. p.)j left; laissera (fut.), will leave, shall let, shall allow ; laisseraient (près, cond.)f would leave.

lait, m., milk.

lambeau, m., tatter.

lamentable, lamentable.

lance, /., lance.

lancer, to launch, hurl, toss; lancé, -e (p, p.), tossed, launched.

langue, /., language.

laquelle, which, which one.

larme, /., tear.-

las, lasse, tired, weary.

le, art.f the.

le, pron., him, it.

leçon, /., lesson.

légendaire, legendary.

léger, légère, light.

légion, /., légion.

Légion d'honneur, a French order founded by Napoléon I, 1802 ; la Croix de la — , the décoration conferred by the order for civil and military services.

Leipzig, a city of Saxony, scène of a battle in which the French were defeated by the Allies, 181 3.

lendemain, m., next day.

lent, -e, slow.

Léon, m. y Léo, Léon.

lequel, which, which one.

les, art. y the.

les, pron., them.

lesquelles, which.

lettre, /., let ter.

leur, adj., their.

leur, pron. y to them.

lever, to raîse ; levait (imp,), raised; lève (près* ind,), raises ; lève le conseil, dismisses the coundl; se <-*, to get up; se leva (pasi

Vocabulaire

def,)y got up, did get up ; si je me levais (imp.), ii I should get up.

lèvre, /., lip.

libérateur, m. y savior.

liberté,/., liberty; mettre en — , to set free.

libre, free.

lieue,/., league ; à trente — s, thirty leagues away.

lieutenant, m., lieutenant.

lige, liège; honmie — , vassal.

ligne, /., Une.

Ligueur, m., Leaguer, a member of the League organized by the Catholics against Henry IV.

lion, w., lion.

lire, to read.

lis, w., lily ; fleur de —, fleurde-lb.

lisait (itnp. of lire), used to read.

lisez (près, ind, and imv. of lire), read.

lit, m.f bed.