Salpêtre, soufres et zinc

Le salpêtre, les soufrées et l'espèce de zinc dont il est fait mention dans le premier paragraphe de ce règlement, étant considérés comme munitions de guerre, ne seront pas importés par les négociants français, à moins que le Gouvernement chinois ne l'ait demandé, et ces articles ne pourront être vendus à des suiels chinois que s'ils sont dûment autorisés à les acheter. Aucun pormis de débarquer ces articles ne sera délivré jusqu à ce que la douane se soit assurée que les autorisations nécessaires ont été accordées à l'acheteur. Il ne sera pas permis aux sujets français de transporter ces articles dans le Yang-Tzé-Kiang, ni dans aucun autre port que ceux qui sont ouverts sur les côtes maritimes de la Chine, ni de les accompagner dans l'intérieur pour K> compte des Chinois.

Ces articles ne seront vendus que dans les ports seulement^ et, partout ailleurs que dans ces ports, il seront considérés comme propriété chinoise.

Toute infraction aux condiiious stipulées ci-dessus et auxquelles le commen-e de Topium^ de la monnaie de cuivre, des céréales, des légumineux, du salpclre^ cl <lu zinc connu sous le nom de spelter, est autorisé, sera punie de la confiscation de toutes les marchandises dont il est question.

Sixième règlemtiii.

Formalités à observer par les navires entrant dans le port.

Pour éviter tout malentendu, il est convona que le terme de vingt-(juatrc heures dans lequel tent capitaine de navire français devra romeltro ses papiers au consul,

Commerce et navigation, 41

conformément à rai ticle 17 du Traité de-Tien-Tsin, cora- Qiencera à courir du moment où le navire se trouvera en dedans des limites du port.

Il en sera de même du délai de quarante-huit heures que l'article 20 du même Traité accorde à tout navire français et pendant lequel il pourra rester dans le port sans payer le droit de tonnage.

Les limites dés ports seront déterminées par Tadniinislration des douanes conformément aux convenances du commerce compatibles avec les intérêts du trésor chinois.

Les cales et autres lieux dans l<»squels la douane permettra de charger et de décharger les marchîindises daus chaque port seront fixés de la même manière, el dl cri sera donné avis aux consuls pour la connaissance èr\ public.

Septième règlement.

Droits de transit.

II est convenu que par l'article 23 du Traité de Tien-Tsin on entend que les droits de transit dont le taux modéré est en vigueur, et qui doivent être perçus légalement sur toute marchandise importée ou exportée par des sujets fFanç^us, équivaudront à la moitié des droits fixés par le tarif, et que les articles exempts de droits ne payeront qu'un droit de transit de deux et demi ponr Cent ad valorem , ainsi qu'il a été dit dans l'article 2 de ce règlement: a l'exception de l'or, de l'argent et des bagages personnels. Les marchandises auront acquitté les droits de transit lorsqu'elles auront rempli les conditions suivantes.

Pour les importations: On donnera avis au chef de la douane du porl d'où le^ marchandises doivent être envoyées dans IndoDeor, de la nature et de la quantité de ces marchaadiscs, du nom du navire qui les a débarquées et do nom des lieux auxquots elles sonl destinées, etc. elc-

Le chef de la douane, après avoir vérifié cette déclatalion el avoir reçu le montant des droits de transit, remeHra à rintroductcur do ces marchandises un certifieat conslatjnt le payement des droits de transit, cçrti> ,ficat qui devra être produit à chaque station de barrière. Aucun autre droit, qncl (ju'il soit, ne pourra être prélevé

France et ChîriP,

sur ces marchandises dans quelque partie de PEmpire qu'elles soient transportées.

Pour les exportations: Les produits achetés par un sujet français dans l'intérieur de la Chine seront examinés et cotés à la première barrière qu'ils rencontreront sur leur soute , à partir du lieu de production jusqu'au port d'embarquement.

La personne ou les personnes chargées de leur transport présenteront une déclaration, qu'elles auront signée, relatant la valeur du produit et faisant connaître le port de destination. Il sera remis, en échange de cette déclaration, un certificat qui devra être produit et visé à chaque barrière sur la route qui conduit au port d'embarquement. A l'arrivée du produit à la barrière la plus voisine du port, il en sera donné avis à la douane de ce port, et, les droits de transit ayant été payés, ces marchandises pourront passer. Au moment de l'exportation, les d«roits fixés par le tarif seront payés.

Tou'fce tentative faite pour passer les marchandises importées ou exportées en contravention aux règlements ci-dessus énoncés rendra ces marchandises passibles de confiscation.

Une vente non autorisée, pendant le transit, de marchandises destinées, comme il est dit ci-dessus, pour un port ouvert au commerce étranger, les rendra susceptibles d'être confisquées.

Toute tentative faite pour profiter d'un certificat inexact et passer plus de marchandises qu'il n'en a été déclaré, rendra toutes les marchandises énoncées dans le certificat susceptibles d'être confisquée^.

Le chef de la douane aura le droit de refuser l'embarquement de produits dont on ne pourrait pas justifier le payement des droits de transit, et cela, jusqu'à ce que ces droits aient été payés.

Ce qui précède faisant connaître' les arrangements convenus au sujet des droits de transit, qui seront ainsi prélevés ensemble et en une seule fois, l'article 9 du Traité de Tien-Tsin reçoit son application immédiate.

Huitième règlement.

Commerce étranger dans l'intérieur au moyen de passe-ports.

Il est convenu que l'article 8 du Traité de Tien-Tsin ne sera point considéré comme aulorisant les sujets

Commerce et navigation. 43

français à se rendre dans la capitale de la Chine pour y faire le comnnerce.

Neuvième règlement.

Abolition des droits prélevés pour la refonte des monnaies.

Il est convenu que les sujets français ne seront plus désormais assujettis au payement du droit de un taël et deux maces, exigés jusqu*ici en sus du payement des droits ordinaires par le Gouvernement chinois, pour couvrir les frais de fonte et de monnayage.

Dixième règlement.

Payement des droits sous un même système dans tous les ports.

Le Traité de Tien-Tsin donnant au Gouvernement chinois le droit d'adopter toutes les mesures qui lui paraîtront convenables pour protéger ses revenus provenant du commerce français, il est convenu qu'un système uniforme sera adopté dans tous les ports qui sont ouverts.

Le haut fonctionnaire chinois désigné par le Gouvernement de l'Empire comme surintendant du commerce étranger pourra, de temps à autre, ou visiter lui-même les différents ports ouverts au commerce, ou y envoyer un délégué. Ce haut fonctionnaire sera libre ae choisir tout sujet français qui lui paraîtrait convenable pour Taider à administrer les revenus de la douane, à empêcher la fraude, à déterminer les limites des ports, à pourvoir aux fonctions de capitaine de port, et aussi à établir les phares, les bouées, les balises, etc , à l'entretien desquels il sera pourvu au moyen des droits de tonnage.

Le Gouvernement chinois adoptera toutes les mesures qu'il croira nécessaires pour prévenir la fraude dans le Yang-Tzé-Kiang, lorsque ce (îeuve sera ouvert au commerce étranger.

Règlement additionnel.

Il est convenu, entre les Hautes Parties contractantes, que le présent tarif pourra être revisé de dix en

France et Chine,

dix années, afin dctre rais en harrnodie avec les changements de valeur apportés par le temps «ur les produits du sol et de fmduslrie des deux Empires, et que, par suite de cette disposition, la période de sept années, stipulée à cet effet dans l'article 27 du Traite de ïien- Tsin, est abrogée et de nulle valeur.

£n foi de quoi, les plénipotentiaires ci-dessus nommés ont signé le présent tarif et ses règlements commerciaux qui y sont annexés, et y ont apposé le sceau de leurs armes

Fait en quatre expéditions, a Changhaï, le 24 novembre de Tan de grâce J858, correspondant au dixneuvième jour de la dixième lune de la huitième année de Hien-Foung.

(L. S.) Signé baron Giqs.

(L. S.) Les cinq signatures des plénipotentiaires chinois.)

Convention de paix^ conclue à Pékin, le 25 octobre 1860 j entre la France et la Chine,

Texl« fraojçais.

Sa Majesté l'Empereur des Français et Sa Majesté l'Empereur de la Chine, voulant mettre un terme au différend qui s'est élevé entre les deux empires et rétablir et assurer à jamais les relations de paix et d'amitié qui existaient entre eux et que de regrettables événements ont interrompues, ont nommé pour leurs plé nipotentiaires respectifs, savoir: Sa Majesié J Empereur des Français, le sieur Jeati • Baptiste- Louis baron Gros sénateur de l'Empire, ambassadeur et hanl commissaire dô France en Chine, grand offteier de Fordr- impérial de la Légion d'honneur, chevalier grand- croîK de plu sieurs ordres, etc., etc., etc., et Sa Majesté TEmpereur de la Chine, le prince de Kong, meml)re de la famille impériale et haut commissainî ;

Lesquels, après avoir échangé leurs pleins pouvoirs, trouvés en bonne et due forme ^ sont convenus des articles suivants :

Art. L Sa Majesté l'Empereui* de la Chine a vu avec

Traité de paix.

peine la conduite que les autorités militaires chinoises ont tenue à l'embouchure de la rivière de Tien-Tsin, dans le mois de juin de Tannée dernière , au moment où les ministres plénipotentiaires de France et d'Angleterre s'y présentaient pour se rendre à Pékin afin d'y

Ç recéder à l'échange des ratifications des traités de Tiensin.

Art. 2. Lorsque l'ambassadeur, haut commissaire de Sa Majesté l'Empereur des Français se trouvera dans Pékin pour y procéder à ^échange des ratifications de traité de Tien-Tsin, il sera traité, pendant son séjour dans la capitale, avec les honneurs dus à son rang, et toutes les facilités possibles lui seront données par les autorités chinoises pour qu'il puisse remplir sans obstacle la haute mission qui lui est confiée.

Art, 3. Le traité signé à Tien-Tsin le 27 juin 1858 sera fidèlement mis à exécution dans toutes ses clauses, immédiatement après l'échange des ratifications dont il est parlé dans l'article précédent , sauf, bien entendu, les modifications que peut y apporter la présente convention.

Art. 4. L'article 4 du traité de Tien-Tsin, par lequel Sa Majesté l'Empereur de la Chine s'engage à faire payer au Gouvernement français une indemnité de 2 millions de taëls, est annulé et remplacé par le présent article,

3ui élève à la somme de 8 millions de taëls le montant e celle indemnité

11 est convenu que les sommes déjà payées par la douane de Canton, à compte sur la somme de 2 millions de taëls stipulée par le traité de Tien-Tsin, seront considérées comme ayant été payées d'avance et à compte sur les 8 millions de taëls dont il est question dans cet article.

Les dispositions prises dans Tarticle 4 du traité de Tien-Tsin sur le mode de payement établi au sujet des 2 millions de taèls sont annulées. Le montant de la somme qui reste à payer par le gouvernement chinois sur les ^ millions de taëls stipulés par la présente convention, le sera en y alTectant le cinquième des revenus bruts desMouanes des porls ouverts au commerce étranger, et de trois mois en trois Tnois; le premier terme commençant au 1er octobre de celle année et finissant au 31 décembre suivant Cette somme , spécialement réservée pour le payement de l'indemnité due à la

France et Chine,

France , sera comptée en piastres mexicaines ou en argent cissé, au cours du jour du payement, entre les mains du ministre de France ou de ses délégués.

Une somme de 50LVHjO taëls sera payée cependant à compte, d'avance, en une seule fois, et à Tien-Tsin, le 20 novembre prochain , ou plus tôt si le gouvernement chinois le trouve convenable.

Une commission mixte, nommée par le ministre de France et par les autorités chinoises, déterminera les règles a suivre pour effectuer les payements de toute l'indemnité, en vérifier le montant, en donner quittance, et remplir enfin toutes les formalités que la comptabilité exige en pareil cas.

Art. 5. La somme de 8,000,000 de taëls est allouée au Gouvernement français pour l'indemniser des dépenses que les armements contre la Chine l'ont obligé de faire, comme aussi pour dédommager les Français et les protégés de la France qui ont été spoliés lors de l'incendie des factoreries de Canton, et indemniser aussi les missionnaires catholiques qui ont souffert dans leurs personnes ou leurs propriétés. Le Gouvernement français répartira cette somme entre les parties intéressées dont les droits ont été légalement établis devant lui et en raison de ces mêmes droits, et il est convenu entre les parties contractantes que 1 million de taëls sera destiné à indemniser les sujets français ou protégés par la France des pertes qu'ils ont éprouvées ou des traitements qu' ils ont subis, et que les 7 millions de taëls restants seront affectés aux dépenses occasionnées par la guerre.

Art. 6. Conformément à Tédit impérial rendu le 20 mars 1846 par Tauguste empereur Fao-Kouang, les établissements religieux et de bienfaisance qui ont été confisqués aux chrétiens pendant les persécutions dont ils ont été les victimes, seront rendus a leurs propriétaires par l'entremise de S. Exc. le ministre de France en Chine, auquel le gouvernement impérial les fera délivrer avec les cimetières et les autres édifices qui en dépendaient.

Art. 7. La ville et le port de Tien-Tsin, dans la province de Petchel , seront ouverts au commerce étranger, aux mêmes conditions que le sont les autres villes et ports de l'empire où ce commerce est déjà permis, et cela à dater du jour de la signature de la présente convention , qui sera obligatoire pour les deux nations, sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'en éclianger les ratifications,

Traité de paix.

et qui aura même force et valeur que si elle était insérée mot à mot dans le traité de Tien-Tsin.

Les troupes françaises qui occupent cette ville pourront, après le payement des 500,000 taëls dont il est question dans l'article 4 de la présente convention l'évacuer pour aller s'établir à Takou et sur la côte nord du Shang-ïong , d'où elles se retireront ensuite dans les mêmes conditions qui présideront à l'évacuation des autres points qu'elles occupent sur le littoral de l'empire. Les commandants en chef des forces françaises auront cependant le droit de faire hiverner leurs troupes de toutes armes à Tien-Tsin, s'ils le jugent convenable, et de ne les en retirer qu'au moment où les indemnités dues par le gouvernement chinois auraient été entièrement payées, à moins cependant qu'il ne convienne aux commandants en chef de les en faire partir avant cette époque.

Art. 8. Il est également convenu que, dès que la présente convention aura été signée et que les ratifications du traité de Tien-Tsin auront été échangées, les forces françaises qui occupent Chusan évacueront cette île, et que celles qui se trouvent devant Pékin se retireront à Tien-Tsin, à Takou, sur la côte nord du Shang- Tong ou dans la ville de Canton, et que dans tous ces lieux ou dans chacun d'eux le Gouvernement français pourra, s'il le juge convenable, y laisser des troupes jusqu'au moment où la somme totale de 8 millions de taëls sera payée en entier.

Art. 9. 11 est convenu entre les Hautes Parties contractantes que, des que les ratifications du traité de Tien- Tsin auront été échangées, un édit impérial oidonnera aux autorités supérieures de toutes les provinces de l'em-

f)ire de permettre à tout Chinois qui voudrait aller dans es pays situés au delà des mers pour s'y établir ou y chercher lortune, de s'embarquer, lui et sa famille, s'il le veut, sur les bàtimtnts fraiiçais qui se trouveront dans les ports de l'empire ouveris au commerce étranger.

11 est convenu aussi que dans l'intérêt de ces émigrés, pour assurer leur entière liberté d'action et sauvegarder leurs intérêts, les autorités ohinuises compétentes s'entendront avec le ministre de 1 rance en Chine pour faire les règlements qui devront assurer à ces engagements, toujours volontaires, les garanties de moralilé et de sûreté qui doivent y présider.

France et Chine,

Art. 10 et dernier.

Il est bien entendu entre les parties contractantes que le droit de tonnage qui, par erreur, a été fixé dans le traité français de Tien-Tsin à cinq niaces par tonneau sur les bâtiments qui jaugent 150 tonneaux et au-dessus, et qui dans les traités signés avec l'Angleterre et les Etats-Unis, en mil huit cent cinquante- huit , n'est porté qu'à la somme de quatre maces, ne s'élèvera (ju'à cette même somme de quatre maces, sans avoir a invoquer le dernier paragraphe de l'article 27 du traité de Tien-Tsin qui donne à la France le droit formel de réclamer le traitement de la nation la plus favorisée.

La présente convention de paix a été faite à Pékin en quatre expéditions le vingt-cinq octobre mil huit cent soixante, et y a été signée par les plénipotentiaires respectifs, qui y ont apposé le sceau de leurs armes.

(L. S.) Signé î Baron Gros.

(L. S.) Signé: Prince de Kong,

Procès -'verbal de V échange des ratifications du traité de Tien-Tsin; signé le 25 octobre 1860,

Le vingt-cinq octobre mil huit cent soixante, les Hauts Commissaires des Empires de France et de Chine, munis des pleins pouvoirs trouvés réciproquement en bonne et due forme, savoir:

Pour l'Empire de France, Son Excellence le baron Gros, sénateur de l'Empire et ambassadeur extraordinaire de Sa Majçste l'Empereur des Français en Chine, grand officier d« la Légion d'honneur, chevalier grandcroix de plusieurs ordres, etc. etc.;

Et pour l'Empire de la Chine , le prince de Kong, membre de la famille impériale et Haut Commissaire ;

Se sont réunis au palais de Li-Pen, dans Pékin, à l'effet de procéder h l'échange des ratifications du traité de pnix, d*amilîe et de commerce signé à Tien-Tsin le z7 juin 1858, ayant avec eux les secrétaires et les inlerpretes des deux nations^ er Son Ejccellence le Haut Commissaire de France d rem'is entre les mains de Son

Commerce»

Altesse Impériale le prince de Kong rinslrument original du traité de Tien-Tsin, transcrit dans les deux langues et revêtu du grand sceau de l'Etat de l'Enf)pire de France, et de la signature de Sa Majesté l'Empereur des Français, qui déclare dans cet acte que toutes les clauses dudit traité sont ratifiées et seront fidèlement exécutées.

Son Altesse Impériale, ayant reçu le traité ainsi ratifié, a remis à son tour à Son Excellence le Haut Commissaire français l'un des exemplaires du même traité approuvé et ratifié au pinceau vermillon par Sa Majesté l'Empereur de la Chine, et l'échange des ratifications du traité signé à Tien-Tsin en 1858 ayant eu lieu, les Hauts Commissaires impériaux ont signé le présent procès- verbal , rédige par leurs secrétaires respectifs, et y ont apposé le cachet de leurs armes.

Fait en double expédition dans le palais de Li-Pou, à Pékin, le 25 octobre 1800.

Signé: Baron Gros. Kong,

Traité entre les Etats- Unis d'Amérique et le Japon pour régler le commerce des citoyens américains^ mgné à Simoda^ le i 7 juin 1857.

Texte Anglais.

For the purpose of further regulating the intercourse of American citizens within the empire of Japan, and, after due délibération, his excellency Townsend Harris, consul -gênerai of the United States of America for the Empire of Japan, and their excellencies Inowouye, Prince of Sinano, and Nakamoera, Prince of Dewa , governors of Simoda , ail having fuU powers from their respective governments, have agreed on the following articles, to wit:

Art. I. The port of Nangasaki , in the principality of Hizen, shall be open to American vessels, where they may repair damages, procure water, fuel, provisions, and other necessary articles, even coals, where they are obtainable.

AWe. Recueil gén. Tome XVIJ. Part. L

Etats-Unis et Japon»

Art. IL It being known that American ships coming to the ports of Simoda and Hakodade cannot have their wants suppHed by the Japanese, it is agreed that American citizens may permanently réside at Simoda and Hakodade, and the government of the United States may appoint a viceconsul to réside at Hakodade.

This article to go into effect on the fourth day of July, eighteen hundred fifty-eight.

Art. IH. In settlement of accounts the value of the money brought by the Americans shall be ascertained by weighing it with Japanese coin, (gold and silver itsebues,) that is, gold with gold and silver with silver, or weights representing Japanese coin may be used, after such weights have been carefully examined and found to be correct.

The value of the money of the Americans having been thus ascertained, the sum of six per cent, shall be allowed to the Japanese for the expense of recoinage.

Art. IV. Americans committing offences in Japan shall be tried by the American consul-general or consul, and shall be punished according to American laws.

Japanese committing offences against American^ shall be tried by the Japanese authorities , and punished ac- | cording to Japanese laws.

Art. V. American sbips which may resort 10 the ports of Simoda, Hakodade, or Nangasaki, for the purpose of obtaining necessary supplies, or to repair damages , shall pay for them in gold or silver com , and if tbey have no money, goods shall be taken in exchange.

Art. VI. The government of Japan admits the rlght of his excellencv the consul-general of the United States to go beyond the limits of Seven Ri, but has asked him to delay the use of that right, except in cases of emergency, shipwreck, etc., to which he has assented.

Art. VII. Purchases for his excellency the consulgeneral, or his family, may be made by him only, or by some member of his family, and payment made to the seller, for the same, without the intervention of any Japanese officiai, and for this purpose Japanese silver and copper coin shall be supplied to his excellency the consul-general.

Art. VllI. As his excelkncy the consul-general of the United States of America has no knowledge of the Japanese language., nor their excellencies the governors

Commerce,

of Simoda, a knowledge of ihe English language , it is agreed that the true meaning shall be found in the Dutch version of the articles.

Art. IX. AH the foregoing articles shall go into effect from the date hereof, except article two, which shall go into effecl on the date indicated in it.

Done in auintuplicate, (each copy being in English, Japanese, ana Dutch,j at the Goyosso of Simoda, on Ihe seventeenth day ol June, in the year of the Christian era eighteen hundred fifty-seven, and of the ïndependence of the United States of America the eighty-first, corresponding to the fourth Japanese year of Ansei, Mi, the fifth montb, the twenty-sixth day, the English version being signed by his excellency the consul - gênerai of the United States of i\merica, and the Japanese version by their excellencies the governors of Simoda.

Tvwnsend Harris, (L. S.)

Traité d'amitié et de commerce entre les Etats^ Unis d'Amérique et le Japon, signé à Yedo, le 29 juillet 1858 *J.

Texte anglais.

The Président of the United States of America and bis Majesty the Ty-Coon of Japan, desiring to establish on firm and lasting foundations the relations of peace and friendship now happily existing between the two counlries, and to secure the best inlerest of their respective cilizens and subjects by encouraging, facilitating, and. regulating their industry and trade, bave resolved to conclade a treaty of amity and commerce for this pnrpose, and have, iherefore, named as their plenipotentiaries, that is to say : The Président of the United States, his excellency Townsend Harris, Consul General of ihe United States of America for the Empire of Japan, and his Majesty the Ty-Coon of Japan, their excellencies Ino-oo-yc, Prince of Sinano , and Iwasay,

*) Les rHtjlicatioriB ont été échangées k Washington, le 22 mai 18G0.

Etats— Unis et Japon,

Prince of Hego, who, after having communicated lo each other their respective full powers, and found ihem lo be in good and due form , have agreed upon and concluded the following articles:

Art. 1. There shall h3nceforward be perpétuai peace and friendship between the United States of America and his Majesty the Ty-Coon of Japan and his successors.

The Président of the United States may appoint a diplomatie agent to réside at the city of Yedo, and consuls or consular agents to réside at any or ail of the ports in Japan which are opened for American commerce by this treaty. The diplomatie agent and consulgeneral of the United States shall have the right to travel freely in any part of the empire of Japan from the time they enter on the discharge of their officiai duties.

The government of Japan may appoint a diplomatie agent to réside at Washington, and consuls or consular agents for any or ail of the ports of the United States. The diplomatie agent and consul - gênerai of Japan may Iravel freely in any part of the United States Irom the time they arrive in the country.

Art. II. The Président of the United States, at the request of the Japanese government, will act as a friendly mediator in such matters of différence as may arise between the government of Japan and any Euronean power.

The ships of war of the United States snall render friendly aid and assistance to such Japanese vessels as they may meet on the high seas, so far as can be done without a breach of neutrality; and ail American consuls residing al ports visited by Japanese vessels shall also give ihem such friendly aid as may be permitted by the laws of the respective countries in which they réside.

Art. III. In addition to the ports of Simoda and Hakodade, the following ports and towns shall be opened on the dates respectively appended to them , that is to say: Kanagawa , on the (4th of July, 1859) fourth day of July, one thousand eight hundred and fifly- nine; Nagasaki, on the (4th of July, 1859) fourth day of July, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, Neee-gata, on the (Ist of January, 1860) first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and sixty; Hiogo , on the (Ist of January, 1863) first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.

Amitié et commerce.

If Nee-e-gata is found to be unsuitable as a harbor, another port on the west coast of Nipon shall be selected by the two governments in lieu ihereof. Six months aller the opening of Kanagawa the port of Simoda shall be dosed as a place of résidence and trade for American citizens. In ail the foregoing ports and towns American citizens may permanentiy réside; ihey shall have the right lo lease ground, and purchase the buildings thereon, and may erect dwellings and warehouses. But no fortification or place of military strength shall be erected under pretence of building dwelling or warehouses; and to see that tbis article is observed, the Japanese authorities shall have the right to inspect, from lime lo lime, any buildings which are being erected, altered , or repaired. The place which the Americans shall occupy for their buildings, and the harbor régulations, shall be arranged by the American consul and the authorities of each place, and if they cannot agrée the malter shall be referred to and settled by the American diplomatie agent and the Japanese government.

No wall, fence, or gâte shall be erected by the Japanese around the place of résidence of the Americans, or anything done which may prevent a free egress and ingress to the same.

From the (Ist of January, 1862) lirst day ofJanuary» one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, Americans shall be allowed to réside in the city of Yedo ; and from the (Ist of January, 1863,) first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the city of Osaca, for the purposes of trade only. In each of thèse two cities a suitable place wilhin which they may hire houses, and the distance they may go, shall be arranged by the American diplomatie agent and the government of Japan. Americans may freely buy from Japanese and sell lo ihem any articles that eilher may have for sale, without the intervention of any Japanese officers in such

{)urchase or sale, or in making or receiving paymefit or the same; and ail classes of Japanese may purchase, sell, keep, or use any articles sold to them by the Americans.

The Japanese government will cause this clause to be made public in every part of the empire as soon as the ratifications of this treaty shall be exchanged.

EtatS'^Unh et Japon.

Munitions of war shall onfy be sold to the Japanese gpvernment and foreigncrs.

No rice or wheat shall be exported from Japan as cargo , but ail Amerioans résident in Japan , and ships, for their crews and passengers, shall be furnished with sufficient supplies of the same. The Japanese govern^ ment will seli, from time to time at public auction, an^ surplus quantity of copper that may be produced. Americans residing in Japan shall have the right to employ Japanese as servants or in any other capacity.

Art. IV. Duties shall be paid to the government of Japan on ail goods landed in the country , and on ail articles ot Japanese production that are exported as cargo, according to the tarif!' hereunto appended.

If the Japanese cuslom-house officers are dissatisfîed with the value placed on any goods by the owner, they may place a value thereon, and otfer to take the goods at that valuation. If ihe owner refuses to accept the offer, he shall pay duty on such valuation. If the otfer be acceptcd by the owner» the purchase-money shall be paid to him withuul delay, and wilhout any abatemcnt ov discount.

Supplies for the use of the United States navy may be landed at Kanagawa, Hakodade, and Nagasaki, and stored in warehouses, in the custody of an oflicer of the American government, without the paymen! of any duty. But, if any soch supplies are sold in Japan, the purchaser shall pay the proper duty to the Japanese aulhorities.

The importation of opium is prohibîted , and any American vessel comini^ to Japan for the purposes of trade , having more than three (3) catties (four pounds avoirdupois) weight of opium on board , such surplus quantity shall be seized and destroyed by the Japanese authorities. Ail goods imporled inlo Japan , and which have paid the duty fixed by this Ireaty, may be transported by ihe Japanese into any part of the empire without the payment of any tax, excise, or transit duty whatever.

No higher dulies shall bo paid by Americans on goods imporled into Japan than are fixed by this trealy, nor shall any higher dulies be paid by Americans lhan are levied on the same description of goods if imporled in Japanese vessels , or the vessels of any other nation.

Amitié et commerce.

Art. V. Ail foreign coin shall be current in Japan and pass for ils corresponding weight of Japanese coin of the same description. Americans and Japanese may freely use . foreign or Japanese coin in making payments to each other.

As some time will elapse before the Japanese will be acquàinted with the value of foreign coin, the Japanese government will , for the perioo of one year after the opening of each harbor, furnish the Americans with Japanese coin, in exchange for theirs, equal weights being given and no discount taken for recoinage. Coins of au description (with the réception of Japanese copper coin) may be exported from Japan, and foraign gold and silver uncoined.

Art. VI. Americans committing offences against Japanese shall be tried in American consular courts, and when guilty shall be punished according to American iaw. Japanese committing offences against Americans shall be tried by the Japanese authorities and punished according to Japanese law. The consular courts shall be open to Japanese creditors, to enable them to recover tneir just claims against American citizens, and the Japanese courts shall in like manner be open to American citizens for the recovery of their just claims against Japanese.

AU claims for forfeitures or penalties for violations of this treaty , or of the articles regulating trade which are appended hereunto, shall be sued for in the consular courts, and ail recoveries shall be delivered to the Japanese authorities.

Neither the American or Japanese governments are to be held responsible for the payment of any debts contracted hy their respective citizens or subjects.

Art. VII. ïn the opened harbors of Japan , Americans shall be free to go, where they please, wlthin the following limits-

At Kanagawa, the River Logo, (which empties into the Bay of Yedo between Kawasaki and Sinagawa.) and (10) ten ri in any other direction.

At tiakodade, (10) ten ri in any direction.

At Hiogo, (lO) ten ri in any direction, that of Kioto excepted , which city shall not be approached nearer than (10) ten ri. The crews of vessels resorting to Hiogo £hall not cross the River Enagawa, which empties

Etats-^Unis et Japon

inlo the Bay between Hiogo and Osaca. The disiances shall be measured inland from Goyoso , or lown hall, of each of the foregoing harbors . the ri being equal lo (4,275) four thousand tvvo hundred and sevenly-five yards, American measure.

At Nagasaki, Americans may go into any part of the impérial domain in ils vicinily. The boundaries of Néee-gata , or the place that may be substituted for it, shall be settled by the American diplomatie agent and the government of Japan. Americans who have been convicted of felony, or twice convicted of misdemeanors, shall not go more than (1) one Japanese ri inland from the places of their respective résidences, and ail persons so convicted shall lose their right of permanent résidence in Japan , and the Japanese authorities may require them to leave the country.

A reasonable time shall be allowed to al! such persons to settle their affairs, and the American consular authorily shall, after an examination into the circumstances of each case, détermine the time to be allowed, but such time shall not in any case exceed one year, to be calculated from the time the person shall be free lo attend to his affairs.

Art. VIII. Americans in Japan shall be allowed the free exercise of their religion, and for this purpose shall have the right to erect suilable places of worship. No injury shall be done to such buildings , nor any insuit be oflfered to the religious worship of the Americans. American citizens shall not injure any Japanese temple or mia, or offer any insuit or injury to Japanese religious cérémonies , or to the objects of their worship.

The Americans and Japanese shall not do anything thaï may be calculated to excite religious animosity. The government of Japan has already abolished ihe practice of trampling on religious emblems.

Art. IX. When requested by the American consul, the Japanese authorities will cause the arrest of ail deserters and fugitives from justice, receive in jail ail persons held as prisoners by the consul , and give to the consul such assistance as may be required to enable him to enforce the observance of the laws by the Americans who are on land , and lo mainlain order among the shipping. For ail such service, and for the support

jfmitiê et commerce.

of prisoners kept in confinement, the consul shall in ail cases pay a just compensation.

Art. A. The Japanese government may purchase or construct, in the United States, ships of war, steamers, merchant ships, whale ships, cannon, munitions of war, and arms of ail kinds, and any other things it may require. It shall have the right to engage, in the United States, scientific, naval and military men, artisans of ail kinds, and mariners to enter into its service. k\\ purchases made for the government of Japan may be ex-, ported from the United States, and ail persons engaged for its service may freeiy départ from the United States: Protided^ That no articles that are contraband of war shall be exported, nor any persons engaged to act in a naval or military capacity, while Japan shall be at war with any power in amity with the United States.

Art. XI. The articles for the régulation of trade, which are appended to this treaty, shall be considered as formiûg a part of the same, and shall be equally binding on both the contracting parties to this treaty, and on their citizens and subjects.

Art. XII. Such of the provisions of the treaty made by Cemmodore Perry, and signed at Kanagawa, on the 3lst of March, 1854, as conflict with the provisions of this treaty are hereby revoked; and as ail the provisions of a convention executed by the consul-general of the United States and the governors of Simoda, on the 17th of June, 1857, are incorporated in this treaty, that convention is also revoked.

The person charged with the diplomatie relations of the United States in Japan , in conjunction with such person or persons as may be appointed for that purpose by the Japanese government, shall have power to make such rules and régulations as may be required to carry into full and complète effect the provisions of this treaty, and the provisions of the articles regulating trade appended thereunto.

Art. XIIL After the (4th of July, 1872,) fourth day of July, one thousand eîght hundred and scventy-two, upon the désire of either the American or Japanese governments, and on one year's notice given by either party, this treaty, and such portions of the treaty of Kanagawa as remain unrevoked by this treaty, together with the régulations of trade hereunto annexed, or ihose

Etats-Unis et Japon-

that may be hereafter introduced, shall be subiect to revision by commissioners appointée! on bolh sides for this purpose, who will be empowered to décide on, and insert tnerein, such amendments as expérience shall prove to be désirable.

Art. XIV. This treaty shall go into effect on the (4th of July, 1850,) fourth day of July, in ihe year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, on or before which day the ratifications of the same shall be exchanged at the city of Washington; but if, from any unforeseen cause, the ratifications cannot be exchanged by that time, the treaty shall still go into effect at tlie date above mentioned.

The act of ratification on the part of the United States shall be verified by the signature of the Président of the United States, countersigned by the Secretary of State, and sealed wilh the seal of the United States.

.The act of ratification on the part of Japan shall be verified by the name and seal of his Majesly the Ty- Coon, and by the seals and signatures of such of his high officers as he may direct.

This treaty is executed in quadruplicate, each copy being written in the English , Japanese, and Dutch languages, ail the versions having the same meaning and intention, but the Dutch version shall be considered as being the original.

In witness whereof, the abovenamed plenipotentiaries have hereunto set their hands and seals, at the city of Yedo, this twenty-ninth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and of the independence of the United States of America the eighty-third, corresponding to the Japanese era, the nineteenth day of the sixth month of the fifth year of Ansei Mma.

Townsend Harris, (seal.)

Amitié.

Traité d'amitié entre la Grande-Bretagne et le royaume de Siam, conclu à Bangkok^ le 20 juin i826; suivi d'une convention de commerce^).

The powerful Lord, who is in possession of every good, and every dignity, the God Boodh, who dwells over every head in the cily of the sacred and great Kingdom of Si-a-yoo-tha-yà (tilles of the King of Siam) : Incompréhensible to the head and brain, the sacred beauty of the royal palace, serene and infallible thcre (litlcs of the Wangna, or Second King of Siam), have bestowed their commands upon the heads of their Excellencies the Minislers of high rank, belon^ing to ihe sacred and great Kingdom of Si-a-yoo-tha-ya, to assemble and frame a ïreaty with Captain Henry Burney, the English Envoy , on the part of tho English Government, the Honourable East India Company , who govern the countries in India belonging to the English under the aulhority of the King and Parliament of England; and the Right Honourable Lord Amherst, Governor of Bengal, and other English officers of high rank, have doputed Captain Burney, as an Envoy to represeni them^ and to frame a Treaty with their Excellencies the Ministers of high rank belonging to the sacred and great Kingdom of Sia-a-yoo-tha-yà, in view that the Siamese and the English nation may become great and true friends, connected in love and affection, with genuine candour and sincerity on both sides. The Siamese and English frame two uniform copies of a Treaty, in order thaï one copy may be placed in the Kingdom of Siam, and that it may bècome known throughout every great and small province subject to Siam, and in order that one copy may be placed in Bengal, and that ' it may become known throughout every great and small province subject to the English Government. Both copies of the Treaty will be attested by the royal seal, by the seals of their Excellencies the Ministers of high rank in

*) Le traité a été ratifié.

60 Grande - Bretagne et Siam,

the city of the sacred and great Kingdonn of Si-a-yootha-yâ, and by the seals of the Right Honourable Lord Annherst, Governor of Bengal , and of the other English officers of high rank.

Art. L The English and Siamese engage in friendship, love, and affection with mutual trulh, sincerity, and candour. The Siamese must not meditate or commit evil, so as to molest the English in any manner. The English must not meditate or commit evil, so as to molest the Siamese in any manner. The Siamese must not go and molest, attack, disturb, seize, or take any place, territory, or boundary, belonging to the English, in any country subject to the English. The English must not go and molest, attack, disturb, seize, or take any place, territory, or boundary, belonging to the Siamese, in any country subject to the Siamese. The Siamese shall settlc every matter within the Siamese boundaries according to their own will and customs.

Art. IL Should any place or country subject to the English do anything that may offend the Siamese, the Siamese shall not go and injure such place or country, but first report the matter to the English, who will examine into it with truth and sincerity; and if the fault lie with the English, the English shall punish according to the fault. Should any place or country subject to the Siamese do anything thaï may offend the English, the English shall not go and injure such place or country» but first report ihe matter to the Siamese, who will examine into it with truth and sincerity; and if the fault lie with the Siamese, the Siamese shall punish according to the fault. Should any Siamese place or country, that is near an English country , collect at any time an army or a fleet of boats, if the chief of the English country inquire the object of such force, the chief of the Siamese country must déclare it. Should any English place or country, that is near a Siamese country, collect at any time an army or a fleet of boats, if the chief of the Siamese country inquire the object of such force, the chiei of the English country must déclare it.

Art. IlL In places and countries belonging to the Siamese and English, lying near their mutaal borders, whother to the east, west, north. or south, if the Eng-

Amitié,

lish entertain a doubt as to any boundary that bas not been ascertained , the chief on ihe side of the English must send a letter, with some men and people from his frontier posls, to go and inquire from the nearest Siarnese chief, who shall députe some of his officers and people from his frontier posts to go with the men befonging to the English chief, and point ont and settie the mutual boundaries, so that they may be ascertained on both sides in a friendly manner. If a Siamese chief entertain a doubt as to any boundary that has not been ascertained , the chief on the side of the Siamese must send a letter, with some men and people from his frontier posts, to go and inquire from the nearest English chief, who shall députe some of his ofii'icers and people from his frontier posts, to go with the men belonging to the Siamese chief, and point out and settie the mutual boundaries, so that they may be ascertained on botl^ sides in a friendly manner.

Art. IV. Should any Siamese subject run, and go and live within the boundaries of the Enghsh, the Siamese must not intrude, enter, seize, or take such person within the English boundaries, but must report and ask for him in a proper manner; and the English shall be at liberty to deliver the party or not. Should any English subject run, and go and live within the boundaries of the Siamese, the English must not intrude, enter, seize, or take such person within the Siamese boundaries, but must report and ask for him in a proper manner; and the Siamese shall be at liberty to deliver the party or not.

Art. V. ïhe English and Siamese having concluded a Treaty, establishing a sincère friendship between them, merchants subject to the English, and their ships, junks, and boats, may have intercourse and trade with any Siamese country which has much mercliandise, and the Siamese will aid and protect them, and permit them to buy and sell with facility. Merchants subject to the Siamese, and their boals, junks, and ships, may have intercourse and trade wilh any English country, and the English will aid and protect them , and permit them to buy and sell with facility, The Siamese desiring to go to an English country, or the English desiring to go to a Siamese country, must conform to the customs of the place or country on either side: should they be ignorant

62 Grande - Bretagne et Siam.

of ihe customs, the Siamese or English officers musl explain them. Siamese subjecls who visit an English counlry must conduct ihemselves according to the established laws of the English counlry , in every particular. English subjects who visit a Siamese country must conduct themselves according to the estabhshed laws of the Siamese country in every particular.

Art. VI. Merchants subject to the Siamese or English going to trade either in Bengal or any country subject to the English , or ai Bangkok , or in any country subject to the Siamese, must pay the duties upon commerce according to the customs of the place or country, on either side; and such merchants and the inhabitants of the country shall be allowed to buy and sell without the intervention of other persons in such countries. Should a Siamese or English merchant have any complaint or suit, he must complain to the officers and governors on either side, and they will examine and settle the same, according to the established laws of the place or country on either side. If a Siamese or English merchant buy or sell without inquiring and ascertaining whether the seller or buyer be of a good or bad character, and if he meet with a bad man who takes the property and absconds, the rulers and officers must make search and produce the person of the absconder, and investigate the matter with sincerity. If ihe party possess money or property, he can be made to pay, but if he do not possess any, or if he cannot be apprehended, it will be the merchant's own fault.

Art» VII. A merchant subject to the Siamese or English going to trade in any Énglish or Siamese country, and applying to build godowns or houses, or to buy or hire shops or houses in which to place his merchandize, the oiamese or English officers and rulers shall be at liberty to deny him permission to stay. If they permit him to stay, he shall land and take up his résidence according, to such terms as may be mutually agreed on, and the Siamese or Enj^lish officers and rulers will assist and take proper care of him, preventing the inhabitans of the country from oppressing him, and preventing him from 0[)pressing the inhabitants of the counlry. Whenever a Siamese or English merchant or subject who has nolhing to detain him, requests permission to leavti the country and to embark with his

property on board of any vessel, he shall be alldwed to do so with facility.

Art. VIII. If a merohant désire to go and trade in any place or country belonging to the English or Siamese, and his ship, boat, or junk meet with any injury whatever, the English or Siamese officers shall afford adéquate assistance and protection. Should any vessel belonging to the Siamese or Englisli be wrecked in any place or country , where the English or Siamese may collect any of the property belonging to such vessel, the English or Siamese officers shall make proper inquiry, and cause the property to be restored to its owner, or, in case of his death, to his heir, and the owner or heir will give a proper rémunération to the persons who may have collected the property. If any Siamese or English subject die in an English or Siamese country, whatever property he may leave shall be delivered to his heir. If the heir be not living in the same country and iinable to corne , and appoint a person by letter to receive the property, the whole of it shall be delivered to such person.

Art. IX. Merchants, subject to the English^ desiring to come and trade in any Siamese country with which it has not been the custom to have trade and intercourse, must first go and inquire of the Governor of the country. Should any country have no merchandize, the Governor shall inform the ship that has come to trade that there is none. Should any country have merchandize sufficient for a ship , the Governor shall allow her lo come and trade.

Art. X. The English and Siamese mutually agrée that there shall be an unrestricted trade between them in the English countries of Prince of Wales' Island, Malacca, and Singapore, and the Siamese countries of Ligor, Merdiiong Singora, Patani, Junkceylon, Queda, and other Siamese Provinces. Asiatic merchants of the English countries, not being Burmese, Peguers, or descendants of Europeans, shall be allowed to trade freely overland and oy means of the rivers. Asiatic merchants, not being Burmese, Peguers, or descendants of 'Européens, desiring to enter into an^d trade with the Siamese dominions from the countries of Mergui, Tavoy , Tenasserim, and Ye, which are now subject to the English, will be allowed to do so freely, overland and by water,

Grande'- Bretagne et Siarn,

upon the English furnishing them wilh proper certificales. But merchants are forbidden lo bring opium, which is positively a contraband article in ihe territories of Siam; and should a merchanf introduce any, ihe Governors sfiall seize , burn, and destroy ihe whole of it.

Art. XI. If an Englishman désire to transnïit a letter to any person in a Siamese or other country, such person only , and no other, shall open and look into the letter. If a Siannese désire to transmit a letter to any person in an English or other country , such person only, and no other, shall open and look ioto the letter.

Art. XII. Siam shall not go and obstruct or interrupt commerce in the States of ïringano and Calantau. Enghsh merchants and subjects shall have trade and intercourse in future with the same facility and freedom as they have heretofore had, and the English shall not go and molest, attack, or disturb those States upon any pretence whatever.

Art. XIII. The Siamese engage to the English , that the Siamese shall remain in Queda , and take proper care of that country, and of its people; the inhabitants of Prince of VVales* ïsland and of Queda shall have trade and intercourse as heretofore; the Siamese shall levy no duty upon stock and provisions, such as cattle, buffaloes, pouliry, fish, paddy, and rice, which the inhabitants of Prince of Wales' Island or ships there may have occasion to purchase in Queda; and the Siamese shall not farm the mouths of rivers or any streams in Queda, but shall levy fair and proper import and export duties. The Siamese further engage, that when Chao Phya of Ligor returns from Bangkok, he shall release the slaves, Personal servants, family, and kindred belonging to the former Governor of Queda, and permit them to go and live wherever they please. The English engage to the Siamese, that the English do not désire to take possession of Queda, that they will not attack or disturb it, nor permit the former Governor of Queda, or any of his followers, to attack, disturb, or injure in any manner the territory of Queda, or any other territory subject lo Siam. The English engage that they will make arrangements for the former Governor of Queda to ge and live in some other country, and not at Prince of Wales' Island or Prye , or in Perak, Salengore, or any

Amitié.

Burmese coiintry. If the English do not let the former GoYcrnor of Queda go and live in some other country, as here engaged, the Siamese niay continue to levy an export duly upon paddy and rice in Queda. The English will not prevent any Siamese, Chinese, or olher Asiatics at Prince of Wales' Island from going to réside in Queda if they désire il.

Art XIV. The Siamese and English mutually engage that ihe Kajah of Perak shall govern his country according lo his own will. Should he désire to send the gold and silver flowers to Siam as heretofore, the English will not prevent his doing as he may désire. If Chao Phya of Ligor désire to send down to Perak , with friendly intentions, forty (40) or fifty (50) men, whether Siamese, Chinese, or o'iher Asialic subjecls of Siam, or if the Rajah of Perak désire to send any of his ministcrs or officers to seek Chao Phya of Ligor, the English shall not forbid them. The Siamese or English shall not send any force lo go and molest, attack , or disturb Perak. The English will not allow the State of Salengore to attack or disturb Perak , and the Siamese shall not go and attack or disturb Salengore. The arrangements stipulated in thèse two last Articles respecling Perak and Queda , Chao Phya of Ligor shall exécute as soon as he returns home from Bangkok.

The fourteen Articles of this Treaty let the great and subordinate Siamese and English officers, together with every great and small province, hear, receive, and obey wilhout fail. Their Excellencies the Ministers of high rank at Bangkok, and Captain Henry Burney, whora the Hignt Honourable Lord Amhersl, Governor of Bcngal. deputed as an Envoy to represent his Lordship, framed this Treaty together in the présence of Prince Krom Meun Soorin Thiraksa, in the city of the sacred and great Kingdom of Si-a-yoo-tha-yà.

The Treaty, written in the Siamese, Malayan , and English languages, was concluded on Tuesday, the first day of the seventh decreasing moon, IIS8, year dog 8, according to the Siamese era , corresponding with the twentieth day of June, 1826, of the European era.

Bolh copies of the Treaty are sealea and altested by their Excellencies the Ministers, and by Captain Henry Burney. One copy Captain Henry Burney will take for the ratification of the Governor of Bengal; and one Nouv. Recueil gén^ Tome XV IL Part. I. E

66 Grande^ Bretagne et Siam,

copy, bearing ihe Royal seal, Chao Phya of Ligor will take and place al Queda. Caplain Burney appoints to return to Prince of Wales' Island in seven months, in the second moon of the year dog 8, and to exchangô the ratifications of this Treaty with Phra Phak-Si-Bori-raK, al 0«eda. ïhe Siamese and English shall form a fnendship that shall be perpetuated, that shall know no end or interruption as long as Heaven and Earth endure.

(A literal translation from the Siamese.)

S igned) H. Burney y Captain, Envoy to the Court ofSiam.

{King oj Siam's Seal.) (Signed) Amherst, (L. S.)

Commercial Agreement annexed to the Treaty of 1826-

Their Excellencies the Ministers and Captain Henry Burney having settled a Treaty of Friendship, consisling of fourteen Articles, now frame the following Agreement with respect to English vessels desiring to come and trade in the city of the sacred and great Kingdom of Si-a-yoo-tha-yà (Bangkok) :

Art I. Yessels belonging to the subjects of the English Government, whether Europeans or Asiatics, desiring to come and trade at Bangkok, mustconform to the established laws of Siam in every particular. Merchants coming to Bangkok are prohibited from purchasing paddy or rice for the purpose of exporling the same as merchandize; and if they import fire-arms , shot , or gunpowder , they are prohibited from selling them to any party but to the Governmeut. Should the Government not require such fire-arms, shot, or gunpowder, the merchants must re-export the whole of them. With exception to such warlike stores , and paddy , and rice, merchants subjects of the English, and merchants at Bangkok , may buy and sell without the intervention of any other person , and with freedom and facilily. Merchants coming to trade shall pay at once the whole of the duties and charges Consolidated according to the breadth of the vessel.

if the vessel bring an import cargo, she shall be sharged seventeen hundred (l,/00) ticals for each Siamese fatliom in breadth.

If the vessel bring no import cargo, she shall be

AmiiU.

charged fifteen hundred (1,500) ticals for each Siamese fathom in breadlh.

>}o import, export, or other duty shall be levied npon the buyers or sellers from or to Enghsh subjects.

Art. JI. Merchant vessels, the property of English subjects, arriving off ihc bar, must first anchor and stop there; and the commander of the vessel must despatch a person with an account of the cargo, and a return of the people, guns, shot, and powder on board the . vessel, for the information of the Governor, at the mouth of the river, who will send a pilot and interpréter to convey the established régulations to the commander of the vessel. Upon the pilot brmging the vessel over the bar, she must anchor and stop below the chokey, which the interpréter will point out.

Art. lll. The proper officers will go on board the vessel and examine her thoroughiy; and after the guns, shot, and powder have been removed and deposited at Paknam (port at the mouth of the Menam), the Governor of Paknam will permit the vessel to pass up to Bangkok.

Art. IV. Upon the vessel arriving at Bangkok, the officers of the Customs will go on board and examine her, open the hold, and take an account of whatever cargo may be on board; ând after the breadth of the vessel has been measured and ascertained, the merchanta will be allowed to buy and sell according to the first Article of this Agreement. Should a vessel, upon receiving an export cargo, find that she cannot cross the bar with the wbole , and that she must hire cargoboats to take down a portion of the cargo, the officers of the Customs and chokeys shall not charge any further duty upon such cargo- boa ts.

Art, V. Whenever a vessel or cargo-boat complètes her lading, the commander of the vessel must go and ask Chao Phya Phra Khiang for a port clearance, and if there be no cause for détention, Chao Phya Phra Khiang shall deliver the port clearance without delay. When the vessel upon her departurc arrives at Paknam, she must anchor, and stop at the usual chokey; and after the proper officers have gone on board and examined her, the vessel may receive her guns, shot, and powder, and take her departure.

Art. VI. Merchants, being subjects of the English Governmeni , whether Europeans or Asiatics , the cora-

68 Grande - Bretagne et Siarn.

manders, officers, lascars, and the whole of ihe crew of vesseîs, inust conform to the eslablished laws ofS'iam and to the stipulations of this Treaty, in every parlicular. ïf nnerchants of every class do nol observe the Articles of this Treaty, and oppress the inhabitanls of the country, become ihieves or bad men, kill men, speak offensively of, or treat disrespectfully , any great or subordinate officers ol the country, and the case become important in any way whatever, the proper officers shall take jurisdiction of it, and punish the olfender. If the offence be homicide, and the olficers, upon investigation, see that it proceeded from evil intention , they shall punish wilh death. If il be any other offence, and the party be the commander or officer of a vessel, or a merchant, he shall be fined. If he be of a lower rank, he shall be whipped or imprisoned, according to the eslablished laws of Siam. The Governor of Bengal will prohibit English subjects, desiring to come and trade al Bangkok, from speaking disrespectfully or offensively to or of the great officers m Siam ïf any person at Bangkok oppress any English subject, he shall be punished according to his offence in the same manner.

The six Articles ol this Agreement let the officers at Bangkok , and merehanls suDject to the English , fulfil and obey in every parlicular.

(A literal translation from the Siamese.)

(Signed) H, Burney^ Captain, Envoy to the Court of Siam.

(King oj Siauî^s Seal) (Signed) Anihersl, (L. S.)

Traité d'amitié et de commerce entre la Grande^ Bretagne et le royaume de Siam, signé à Bangkok^ le 18 avril i855*J; suivi de six règlements commerciaux et d'un tarif,

Te\le anglais.

Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of

*) Ler. ratifioatioDB ont été échangées à Bangkok, le 5 avril

Amitié ei Conviierce^

Great Brilain and Ireland, and al! its dependencies, and Their Majesties Phra Bard Somdetch Phra Farameiidr Maha Mongkut, Phra Chom Klau Cbau Yu Hua, the First King of Sîam, and Phra Bard Somdetch Pli7*a Pawarendr Ramesr Mahîswaresr Phra Pin Klau Chau Yu Hna, the Second King of Siam, desiring to establish upon firm and lasiing tbundalions the relations of peace and friendship existing bétween the two coantries , and to secure the best interests of their respective subjects by encouraging, facihtating, and regulating their industry and trade, bave resolved to conclude a Trealy cf Amity and Commerce for this purpose, and bave tberefore named as their Plenipolentiaries , that is to say:

Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Sir John Bowring, Knight, Doctor of Laws, etc., etc.,

And Their Majesties the First and Second Kings of Siam, bis Royal Highness Krom Hluang Wongsa Dhiraj Snidb ; bis Excellency Somdetch Chau Phaya Param Maha Puyuravi^ongseî bis Excellency Somdetch Cbau Phaya Param Maha Bijai-neale; his Excellency Cbau Phaya Sri Suriwongse Samuha Phre Kralahome, and his ExcelleTicy Chau Phaya, Acting Phra-Klang.

Who, after baving communicated to each other their respective full powers, and found them to be in good ana due form , bave agreed upon and concluded the following Articles.

Art. I. There shall hencefonvard be perpétuai peace and friendship between Her Majesty the Oueen of Great Britain and Ireland, and her successors, and Their Majesties the First and Second Kings of Siam, and their successors. Ail British subjeds coming to Siam sball receive from the Siamese Government full protection and assistance to enable them to réside m Siam in ail security, and (rade with cvery facillly^ free from oppression or injury on the part of the Siamose; and ail Siamese subjects going to an English country shall receive from the British Government the sanie complète protection and assistance that shall be granted to British subjects by the Government of Slum.

Art. H. The interests cf ail British subjects coming to Siam sball be placed under the régulation and control of a Consul, who w'ill be appofnted to réside at Bangkok: be will bimself conform to, and will enforce the observance by Briiish subjects of, ajl the provisions

Grande-Bretagne et Siam,

of ihis Treaty, and such of the former Treaty negociated by Captain Burney in 1826, as shall still remain in opération. He shall also give effect to ail ruies or régulations that are now or may hereafter be enacted for the government of Brilish subjects in Siam, the conduct of their trade, and for the prévention of violations of the

and Siamese subjects shall be heard and detcrmined by the Consul, in conjunction with the proper Siamese olficers; and criminal offences will be punished, in the case of English offenders by the Consul, according lo Ençlish laws, and in the case of Siamese ofî'enders, by their own laws, through the Siamese authorities. But the Consul shall not interfère in any matters referring solely to Siamese, neither will the Siamese authorities interfère in questions which only concern the subjects of Her Britannic Majesty.

ït is understood, however, that the arrivai of the British Consul at Bangkok shall not take place before the ratification of this Treaty, nor until ten vessels owned by British subjects, sailing under British colours and with British papers, shall have entered the port of Bangkok for purposes of trade, subséquent to the signing of this Treaty.

Art. m. If Siamese in the employ of British subjects oifend against the laws of their country, or if any Siamese having so ofTended or desiring to désert, take refuge with a British subject in Siam , they shall be searched for, and, upon proof of their guilt or désertion, shall be delivered up by the Consul to the Siamese authorities. In like manner, any British offenders résident or trading in Siam, who may désert, escape to, or hide themselves in, Siamese territory, shall be apprehended and delivered over to the British Consul on nis réquisition. Chinese, not able to prove themselves to be British Subjects, shall not be considered as such by the British Consul, nor be entilled to his protection.

Art. IV. British subjects are permitted to trade freely in ail the seaports of Siam, but may réside permanently only at Bangkok, or within the Hmits assigned by this Treaty. British subjects coming to réside at Bangkok may rent land, and buy or build houses, but cannot purchase lands within a circuit of 200 sen (not more than four miles English) from the cily walls, until

laws of Siam. Any di

arising between Brilish

Amitié et commerce.

ihey shall have lived in Siam for ten years, or shall oblain spécial authority from the Siamese Government to enable them to do so. But with the exception of this limitation, British résidents in Siam may at any time buy or rent houses, lands, or plantations, situated any w'here wilbin a distance of twenty-four hours' journey from the city of Bangkok, to be computed by the rate at which boats of the country can travel. In order to ubtain possession of such lands or houses, it will be necessary that the British subject shall, in the first place, make application through the Çonsul to the proper Siamese offîcer; and the Siamese officer and the Consul having satisfied themselves of the honest intentions of the applicant, will assist him in settling, upon équitable terms, the amount of the purchase money, will mark ont and fix the boundaries of the property, and will convey the same to the British purchaser under sealed deeds. Whereupon he and his property shall be placed under the protection of the Governor of the district and that of the particular local authorities; he shall conform, in ordinary matters, to any just directions given him by them, and will be subject to the sajne taxation that is levied on Siamese subjects. But if through négligence, the want of capital, or other cause, a British subject should fail to commence the cultivation or improvement of the lands so acquired within a term of three years from the date of receiving possession thereof, the Siamese Government shall have the power of resuming the property, upon returning to the British subject the purchase money paid by him for the same.

Art. V. AU British subjects intending to réside in Siam shall be registered at the British Consulate. They shall not go out to sea, nor proceed beyond the limits assigned by this Treaty for the résidence of Brilish subjects, without a passport from the Siamese authorities, to be applied for by the British Consul; nor shall they leave Siam if the Siamese authorities show to the British Consul that legitimate objections exist to their quitting the country. But within the limits appointed under the preceding Article, British subjects are at liberty to travel to and fro under the protection ofa pass, to be furnished them by the British Consul, and counter-sealed by the proper Siamese officer, slating, in the Siamese character, their names, calling. and description,

72 Grande-Bretagne et Siarn.

The Siamese ofîicers at the Government stations in the interior nnay, at any time, call for the production of ihis pass, and immediately on its beïng exhibitod, they nnust allow the parties to proceed; but it will be their duly to detain those persons who, by travelling without a pass frorn the Consul, render themselves liable to the suspicion of their being deserters; and such détention shall be immediately reporled to the Consul.

Art. VL AH British subiecls visiting or residing in Siam shall be allowed the Iree exercice of the Christian religion, and liberty to build churches in such localities as shall be consented to by the Siamese authorilies. The Siamese Govemment will place no restrictions upon the employment by the English of Siamese subjects as servants, or in any olher capacity. But wherever a Siamese subject belongs or owes service to some particular masler, the servant who engages himself to a British subject without the consent of his master may be reclaimed by him, and the Siamese Govemment will not enforce an agreement between a British subject and any Siamese in his employ, unless made with the knowledge and cousent of the master, who bas a right to dispose of the services of the person engaged.

Art. VII. British ships of war may enter the river, and ancbor at Paknam, but they shall not proceed above Paknam, unless with the consent of the Siamese authorities, which shall be given where it is necessary that a ship shall go into dock for repairs. Any British ship of war conveying to Siam a public functionary accreaited by Her Majesty's Government to the Court of Bangkok, shall bo allo%ved to corne up to Bangkok, but shall not pass the forts called Pong Phrachamit and Pit-palch-nuck, unless expressly permitted to do so by the Siamese Government*, but in tho absence of a British ship of war, the Siamese anthorities engage to furnish the Consul with a force sufficient to euuble him to givc elïect to his authority over British subjects, and to enforce discipline among British shipping.

Art. VHI. The measurement duty hitlierto paid by British vessels trading to Bangkok under the Treaty of 18*26 shall be abolished from the date of this Treaty coming into opération, and British shipping and trade will thenceforth be only subject to the payment of import and export duties on tlie good.<i landed or shipped.

Amitié et commerce.

On ail articles of import the diilies shall be 3 per cent, payable at the option ot the importer^ either in kind or money, calcuiated upon the market value of the goods. Drawback of the foll amount of duty shall be allowed upon goods fouTid unsaleable and re-exported. Should the Bntish merchanl and the Customhouse officers disagree as lo the value to be set upon imported articles, such disputes shall be referred to the Consul and proper Siamese otricer, who shall each have the power to call in an equal nurnber of merchants as assessors, not exceeding Iwo on either side, to assist them in coining to an équitable décision.

Opium may be imporled free of duty, but can only be soïd to the opium fanner or his agents. ïn the event of no arrangement being eifected with them for the sale of the opium, it shall be re-exported, and no impost or duty shall be levied thereon. Any infringement of this régulation shall subject the opium to seizure and confiscation.

Articles of export from the time of production to the date of sliipment shall pay one impost only, whether this be levied under the name of inland lax, transit duty, or duty on exportation. The tax or duty to be paid on eacn article of Siamese produce previous lo or upon exportation, is specified in the Taritf attached to this Treaty; and it is distinctly agroed that goods or produce which pay any description of tax in the interior shall be exempted from any further payment of duty on exportation.

English merchants are to be allowed to purchase dîreclly from the producer the articles in which they trade, and in like manner to sell their goods directly to the parties wisbing to purchase the sanie, without the interférence, in eilher case, of an;*/- other person.

Ihe rates ol duty laid down in the Tariff attached to this Treaty arc those thaï are now paid upon goods or produce shipped in Siamese or Chinese vesseTs or junks-, and il is agrced thaï British shipping shall enjoy ail the privilèges now exercised by, or which hereafter may be granted to, Siamese or Chinese vessels or junks

British subjects will be allowed to build ships in Siam, on obtaining permission to do so from tbc Siamese aulhorities,

Wucnever a scarcity may be apprehcnded, of sait,

Grande^B retagne, et Siam,

rice, and fish, the Siamese Governmenf reserve (o themselves the right of prohibiling, by public proclamation, ihe exportation of thèse articles.

BuHion, or personal effects, may be imported or exported free of charge.

Art. IX. The Code of Régulations appended to this ïreaty shall be enforced by tne Consul, with the coopération of the Siamese authorities ; and they, the saifi authorities and Consul, shall be enabled to introduce any further régulations which may be found necessary, in order to give effect to the objects of this Treaty.

AU fines and penalties inflicted for infraction of the provisions and régulations of ihis Treaty shall be paid to the Siamese Government.

Until the British Consul shall arrive at Bangkok, and enter upon his functions, the consignées of British vessels shall be at liberty to settle with the Siamese authorities ail questions relating to their trade.

Art. X. The British Government and ils subjects will be allowed free and equal participation in any privilèges that may have been, or may hereafter be, granted by the Siamese Government to the Government or subjects of any other nation.

Art. XL After the lapse of ten years from the date of the ratification of this Treaty, upon the désire of either the British or Siamese Government, and on twelve monlhs* notice given by either party, the présent and such portions of the Treaty of 1856 as remain unrevoked by this Treaty, logether with the Tariff and Régulations hereunto anncxed, or those that may hereafter be introduced, shah be subject to revision by Commissioners appointed on both sides for this purpose, who will be empowered to décide on and insert therein such amendments as expérience shall prove to be désirable.

Art. XII. This Treaty, executed in English and Siamese, both versions having the same meaning and intention, and the ratifications thereof having been previously exchanged, shall take effect from the sixth day of April in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-six of the Christian era, corresponding to the fîrst day of the fifth month of the one thousand two hundred and eighteenth year of the Siamese Civil era.

In witness whereof the above-named Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed ihe présent Treaty in quadru

Amitié et commerce.

plicalo at Bangkok, on the eighleenth day of April in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five of the Christian era, corresponding to the second day of the sixth month of the one thousand two hundred and seventeenth year of the Siamese Civil era.

John Bowring, (L. S.)

(Signatures and seals of the five Siamese Plenipotentiaries).

General Régulations under whick British Trade is to be conducted in Siarn.

Régulation I.

The master of every English ship coming to Bangkok to trade, must, either before or after entering the river, as may be found convenient, report the arrivai of his vessel at the customhouse at Paknam, togelher with the nunfiber of his crew and guns, and the port from whence he cornes. Upon anchoring his vessel at Paknam, he wili deliver into the custody of the custom-house officers ail his guns and ammunition : and a custom-house officer will then be appoinled to the vessel, and will proceed in her to Bangkok.

Régulation II.

A vessel passing Paknam without discharging her guns and ammunition as directed in the foregoing régulation, will be sent back to Paknam to comply with its provisions, and wil! be fined 800 ticals for having so disobeyed. After delivery of her guns and ammunition she will be permitled to return to Bangkok to trade.

Régulation III.

When a British vessel shall have cast anchor at Bangkok, the master, unless a Sunday should intervene, will, within four-and-tWenty hours after arrivai, proceed to the British Consulate, and deposit there his ship*s papers, bills of lading, etc., together with a true mani-

76 Grande-Bretagne et Siam.

fest of his import cargo; and upon the Consurs reporting thèse particulars to the custom - house , permission to break bulk will at once be given by the latter.

For neglecting so to report his arrivai, or for presenting a false manifest, the master will subject himself, in each instance, to a penalty of 400 ticals; but he will be allowed to correct, within Iwenty-four hours afler dellvery of it to the Consul, any mislake he may discover in his manifest, without incurring the above - mentioned penalty.

Régulation IV.

A British vessel breaking bulk, and commencing to discharge before due permission shall be obtained , or smuggling eilhcr when in the river or outside the bar, shall De subject to the penalty of 800 ticals, and confiscation of the goods so smuggled or discharged.

Régulation V.

As soon as a British vessel shall have discharged her cargo, and completed her outward lading, paid ail her dulies, and delivered a true manifest of her outward cargo to the British Consul, a Siamese port-clearance shall be granted her on application from the Consul, who , in the absence of any légal impediment to her deparlure, will then return to the master his ship's papers, and allow the vessel to leave. A custom-house officer will accompany the vessel to Paknam ; and on arriving ihere she will be inspected by the cuslom-house officers of that station, and will receive from them the guns and ammunition previously delivered into their charge.

Régulation VI.

Her Britannic Majesty's Plenipotentiary having no knowledge of the Siamese language, the Siamese Government have agreed that the Eïiglish text of thèse Régulations, together with the Treaty of which they form a portion , and the Tarifî hereunto annexed , shall be accepted as conveying in every respect their true meaning and intention.

John Bo(vring, (Signatures and seals of the five Siamese Plenipotenliaries )

j^initié et commerce.

Tariff of Export and Inland Dufies to be lemed on Articles of Trade.

Section L

The undermentioned Articles shall be entirely free from Inland or oiher Taxes, on production or transit, and shall pay Ex port Duty as folio ws:

Ivory .... 10 Gamboge . . 6 Rhinocéros horns 50 Cardamums,besl 14 Ditto, bastard 6 Dried Mussels 1 Pelican's quills 2 Bétel nut, dried l Krachi wood 0 Shark'sfins. white 6 Ditto, black 3 LuT^krabau seed 0 Peacock*s lails 10 BulTalo and cow bones ... 0 Rhinocéros hides 0 Hide cultings 0 Turtle shells . 1 Soft ditto . . 1 Bêche de mer 3 Fisch maws . 3

Tical. Salujig. Fuang. Hun.

Kingfisher's feathers . i . 6