IÔ
VOCABULARY
pomme (d'un mât), the [flat, wooden] ball on the top of a mast.
Pompadour, Mme de.., 1721- 1764, the notorious mistress of Louis XV.
pompe, /., splendor, pomp, loftiness.
pondre, to lay eggs.
pont, m., bridge.
ponton, pontoon; prison ship or hulk.
populace, /., mob, populace.
populaire, popular.
population, /., population.
Porchat, a French writer, 1800-
port, m.j port, harbor.
porte, n., /., door, gate.
porte, près, ind., carries; see porter.
portée, n., /., reach, range, shot. à la portée du canon, within the range of cannon, within cannon-shot.
porter, to carry, bring; to wear, bear; to convey; to lead, direct, to reach, porter envie à.., see envie. — porter la peine de tout, see peine. — à bout portant, (lit., with the end of the weapon reaching the enemy), close, at a short distance, at close range, se porter, to be carried, be carried away; to proceed, repair, move, go; (of health) to do, be.
portier, m., porter, door-keeper, janitor.
portrait, m., portrait, picture.
Portugais, n., m., Portuguese.
poser, to put, place; lay down, poser une question, to state (put, ask) a question, poser en principe, to lay down as a principle.
position, /., position, place.
possession, /., possession, occu-
pation, prendre possession, de . . , to take possession of . . , occupy.
possible, possible.
poste, n., m., post, place; station, police station.
postérité, /., posterity.
pot, m., pot, jug, jar.
potentat, m., potentate, ruler.
poudre, /., powder, en poudre, powdered; with powdered hair or wig.
poudroiement, m., dust, mist, vapor.
poule, /., hen.
pour, prep., for; as a. ., as; to; on account of . . , for the sake of . . ; as to. . , as for. . , in regard to . . pour + inf. , in order to , to ; though . pour + inf. , . .
n'en (or ne). . pas moins. ., though . . . , . . nevertheless, pour si. . (pop.), conj., = pour le cas où . . , in case.
pourquoi? why?
pourra, fut., will be able, can; see pouvoir.
pourrai, fut., shall be able, can; see pouvoir.
pourrait, cond., would be able, could; see pouvoir.
pourriez, cond., would be able, could, might; see pouvoir.
pourrons, fut.; see pouvoir.
pourtant, however, yet, nevertheless.
pousser, trans., to push, shove, urge, drive; to shoot forth, put forth; to utter, give vent to.., set up. pousser, intr., to sprout, shoot forth, grow, grow out.
pouvaient, descr, p., could, were able; see pouvoir.
pouvait, descr. p., could, was able; see pouvoir.
pouvant, près, part.; see pouvoir.
pouvoir, tVr., to be able; can,
VOCABULARY
could; may, might; possibly, it is possible that. . aurait pu s'envoler, could (might) have flown away, aurait pu bûcher ( = étudier) , could have studied, il n'y peut rien, he can do nothing (cannot do anything) in that matter; he cannot help it.
pouvoir, n.,m., power.
préau, m., yard, prison yard.
précaution, /., precaution, caution, prudence, avoir la précaution de + inf-, to be cautious or prudent enough to . .
précédent, -e, preceding.
précipiter, to precipitate, throw, hurl, se précipiter, to precipitate oneself, throw oneself, rush, dash.
précis, -e, precise, exact, à sept heures précises, exactly at seven o'clock.
prédire, irr., to predict, foretell.
préférence, /., preference, preferment, promotion.
préférer (prefer -{-mute e, except fut. f cond.), to prefer; like better or best.
préfet, m., prefect, chief magistrate of each département in France; see département.
premi-er, -ère, first.
premièrement, firstly.
prenant, ger., près, part.; see prendre.
prend, près, ind., takes; see prendre.
prendre, irr., to take, catch, seize; to take hold of.., hold, prendre pitié de . . , to pity, have pity on . . prendre possession de . . , to take possession of . . , occupy, il m'en prend envie, see envie. — pris (p. part.) de froid, see pris.
prendrez, fut., will take; see prendre.
prenez, imper.; see prendre.
préoccupation, /., preoccupation, prepossession of the mind, absorbing thought.
préparatif, m., preparation.
préparer, to prepare, fit, make ready.
près, adv., near, à peu près, nearly, almost, about, près de. ., prep., near, close to. .; nearly, about, almost.
présage, m., foreboding, presage.
près de . . , prep.; see près, adv.
présent, -e, adj., present.
présenter, to present, offer.
préservatif, n., m., preservative.
préserver, to preserve, defend, [de . . , from . . ].
presque, almost, nearly, presque pas de + n. , scarcely any . .
pressé, -e, p. part., adj., pressed, hurried, in a hurry, in haste; see presser.
presser, to press, hurry, hasten (trans.), urge, importune.
prêt, -e, ready, prepared.
prétexte, m., pretext, pretence, sous prétexte d'aller . . , under pretence of going . .
prévenir, irr., to come before. ., get the start of . . , anticipate.
prévision, /., prevision, foresight, forecast.
prier, to pray, pray to. ., beg, ask. je vous en prie, I entreat you; pray! please!
prince, m., prince.
principal, -e, adj., principal.
principe, m., principle, poser en principe, to lay down as a principle. principes, plur., principles; beginnings, elements, rudiments.
printemps, m., spring, springtime; prime, bloom, youth.
prirent, narr. p.; see prendre.
pris, -e, p. part.; see prendre. — pris de froid, chilled, benumbed with cold.
prise, n.f /., taking, capture;
VOCABULARY
holding, hold, grasp, grip, la machine échappe à ses prises, he loses his hold on the machine; the machine slips out of his hands, becomes unmanageable for him.
prisonnier, m., prisoner.
prit, narr. p.; see prendre.
privé, -e, adj., private; own.
privilège, m., privilege.
prix, m., price.
probablement, probably.
procurer, to procure, obtain, get.
prodigalité, /., prodigality, lavishness.
prodigieusement, prodigiously, wonderfully.
prodigieu-x, -se, prodigious, wonderful.
produire, irr., to produce, cause.
produit, près, ind.; see produire.
professeur, m., professor, teacher.
profiter, to profit, profiter de . . , to profit by . . , take advantage of . .
profond, -e, deep, profound.
profondeur, /., depth, former un carré sur trois hommes de profondeur, to form a square three men deep.
proie, /., prey.
promenade, /., promenade, walk, drive.
promener (promèn+m^e e), to take out for a walk or for a drive, se promener, to walk, take a walk, promenade; to wander, move about. se promener à pied, to walk, take a walk, se promener en voiture, to drive, take a drive, aller se promener, to go for a walk; to go and take a walk.
promeneur, m., promenader, walker, person taking a walk or ride or drive.
prononcer (prononç+a, o), to pronounce, se prononcer, to
be pronounced.
prononciation, /., pronunciation.
propre, adj., own. amour-propre, m., self-love, self-esteem, vanity.
propriétaire, m., /., owner, proprietor; landlord, landlady.
propriété, /., property; estate; quality.
prose, /., prose.
Provence, la. . , /., Provence, old province of France (S.-E.).
province, /., province, de province, provincial.
provincial, -e, adj., provincial.
provision, /., provision, supply.
prrt, inter j., imitating the noise made by a flock of birds flying away.
Prussien, n.,m., Prussian, native of Prussia. Prussienne, n., /., Prussian woman, Prussian lady.
prussien, -ne, adj., Prussian.
pst! inter j., hush! here! come here!
pu, p. part., been able; see pouvoir.
publi-c, -que, public.
publicité, /., publicity.
publier, to publish.
puis, adv., then.
puisqu' = puisque.
puisque, conj., since, because.
puissance, /., power, might.
puits, m., well, pit.
pur, -e, pure; clear, cloudless.
purement, purely.
pût, p. subjunct.; see pouvoir.
Puy, le . . , m., name of a town in Southern France, in the département de la Haute-Loire (upper Loire river).
pyramide, /., pyramid.
Pyrénées, plur., /., Pyrenees, mountains on the frontier of France and Spain.
VOCABULARY
qu' = que, rel. pron., interr. pron., conj; {pop. and vulgar) instead of qui, before a vowel, see qui, interr. pron.
qualité, /., quality; title; [high] rank, superior birth or station.
homme de qualité, m., man of noble birth, nobleman.
quand, when? when, whenever, quand même, even if.
quant à, as for, as to.
quantité, /., quantity.
quarante, forty, quarante-cinq, forty-five.
quart, n., m., quarter, fourth.
quartier, n., m., quarter, ward, district; inhabitants of a quarter, etc.
quatre, four, quatre à quatre, four steps at a time.
quatre - vingt, quatre - vingts, eighty.
quatrième, fourth.
que, rel. pron., dir. obj.; pred.
with être, whom, which, that.
ce que (dir. obj., pred.), what, that which, tout ce que, see tout, pron., neut. . l'habile homme que vous êtes! what a clever man you are!
que, interr. pron., dir. obj. or pred., what? qu'est-ce qui. ., what . . ? (subj.) ; qu'est-ce que.., what..? (dir. obj.).
qu'est-ce que . . de si bon?
what good things . . ? what . .
that is so nice? qu'est-ce que c'est que . . ? what is . . ?
what are..? à qu' (= que), instead of à qui, to whom . . , pop. and vulgar; see qui, interr.
pron.
que, interr. pron., adv., (in exclamations, -\-adj. or adv.), how! que c'est beau! how fine that is! que de.. (+n.)!
how much . . ! how many . . !
que je vous veux de mal!
what a grudge I owe you!
que ne . . ! why . . not . . !
que n'ai- je étudié . . ! why did I not study . . ! would that I had studied . . !
que, conj., that; as, than; (after negative expressions) but, except; as, because; (after expressions of time) when, on which, ne. .rien que, nothing but. ne., que, nothing but; but, only. ne., plus que, no longer anything but, now only, hereafter only; only.
ne font que marquer, see faire.
— ne. .de+?i. . que, no + n., except, c'est que.., it is (was) because . . ; for, conj. ; the truth is . . , in truth . . , in fact..; namely; sometimes left out in translation, c'est . .
(-{■word or words to be emphasized) que . . , it is . . that . . ; it was . . that . . ; or left out in translation. est-ce que. ., indicating a question, not to be translated : . . est-ce que je me rappellerai ça ? . . shad I remember that? que, expletive, always left out in translation: c'est. . (-\-noun) que. .
(+noun): c'est un âne bâté que cet animal-là, that dunce is a genuine ass. qu'est-ce que c'est que . . ? what is . . ?
what are. . ? je ne savais pas ce que c'était que cet homme, I did not know what or who that man was. la belle chose que de savoir . . ! what a fine thing (how nice) to know. . !
(very frequent in pop. speech, vulgar) il vous demande quel goût qu' ( = que) ça a, he asks you what taste this has.
(expletive, and not necessary in French) heureusement que + clause with v. in ind.t fortu-
VOCABULARY
nately. . que, conj., -f subjunct., that, after expressions indicating wish or will, emotions, uncertainty, necessity.
que. .ne + sub junct., lest, that, after expressions of fearing; see ne, redundant, que, conj., not preceded by a v., with following sub junct., = may, let. qu'ils aillent, they may go, let them go. qu'il garde, he may keep, let him keep, que, used instead of another conj., generally a longer word, that is at the head of the preceding clause, to avoid its repetition, for example, = puisque, since, because; = quand, when.
quel, -le, interr. adj., what, which; what a. . (in exclamations), voici quel. ., such, this, the following, of the following kind; see voici.
quelque, pron. adj., some; plur., a few, some, quelque part, somewhere, quelque chose, m. = neut., something, anything.
quelquefois, sometimes.
quelques-uns, m., quelquesunes, /., plur.; see quelqu'un.
quelqu'un, m., quelqu'une, /., pron., somebody, some one, anybody, any one. quelquesuns, m., quelques-unes, /., plur., some, some people, any, any people, a few.
question, /., question.
qui, rel. pron., subj., who, which, that; he who; (with prep.) whom, which {animals), ce qui (subj.), what, that which, malheur à qui . . ! woe to him who . . ! il donne à qui lui plaît, see plaire.
qui, interr. pron., subj., who?
dir. obj., and after prep., whom? à qu', before a
vowel, pop. and vulgar, instead of à qui, to whom . . ?
à qu'est-ce = à qui est-ce? to whom does it belong? = à qui c'est, to whom it belongs (indirect question).
quinze, fifteen.
quitter, to leave, give up, quit.
quitterez, fut., will leave, shall leave, are to leave; see quitter.
qui- vive, or Qui vive? inter j., Who goes there? Who comes there? (the challenge of the sentinel hearing noise or perceiving a person or a troop.) qui- vive, n., m., challenge, challenge word. See vivre, and vive, près, subjunct.
quoi, rel. pron., neut., (generally after prep.) what, which.
de quoi boire, something to drink.
quoi, interr. pron., neut., (not directly connected with v.; generally after prep., or followed by partitive de) what?
quoi d'étonnant? what is there to be wondered at? is it astonishing? is there anything astonishing? no wonder! je ne sais [pas] quoi, I do not know what; something unknown; some unknown, indescribable feeling.
quoi! inter j., what! how!
quoiqu' = quoique.
quoique, conj., with subjunct., though, although.
r; l'r = l'erre, n., f.,m., the letter r.
rabot, m., plane.
raccommoder, to adjust, put in order, arrange.
race, /., race, people.
VOCABULARY
raconté, -e, p. part., related, told; see raconter.
raconter, to relate, tell.
rafraîchir, to refresh, cool.
raison, /., reason, avoir raison, to be right, par la raison que, for the reason that,' because.
raisonnable, reasonable, rational.
raisonner, to reason, argue, discourse, talk.
râler, to rattle in one's throat, have the death-rattle.
rançon, /., ransom.
rang, m., rank, line, file, row, range; order, class; rank, station, place.
ranger (range + a, o), to arrange, put in order, put away, put out of the way.
rantanplan, inter j., imitating the sound of a drum.
rapide, quick, swift, rapid.
rapidité, /., rapidity, swiftness.
rappeler (rappell+^mte e), to call back, call again; recall, remind, se rappeler (se, indir. obj.), to remember, rappeler quelqu'un à.., to call back or recall some one to . . , remind some one of . .
rapport, m., bearing, relation, connection, reference, rapport à. . (pop.), par rapport à . . , with reference to . . , in regard to . . , on account of . .
rapporter, to bring back, carry back; bring home, carry home.
rapprocher, to bring or place near or nearer, rapprocher une chose d'une autre chose, to place one thing near another thing; to bring together or join the two things.
rassemblement, m., assembling, assemblage; riotous meeting, mob, crowd, rassembler, to collect, gather, assemble, bring together.
rat, m.f rat, mouse.
rater, to miss, fail, not succeed,
be mislaid, be lost.
ravage, in., ravage, havoc.
rayon, m., ray, beam.
rayonnant, -e, près, part., adj., radiant, beaming [de.., with..]; see rayonner, rayonner, to radiate, shine,
beam, réalité, /., reality, rébarbati-f, -ve, cross, harsh, repulsive, recevaient, recevait, descr. p.;
see recevoir, recevoir, irr., to receive, get; receive (company), entertain, rechercher, to seek again, look again for . . ; to seek, seek for.., look for..; search, search for. .
récit, m., tale, story, reçoit, près, ind.; see recevoir, recommandation, /., recommendation.
recommander, to recommend, recommence, près, ind., begins
again; see recommencer, recommencer, to begin again.
reconnaissait, descr. p.; see reconnaître, reconnaître, irr., to recognize.
se faire reconnaître, to make oneself known.
reçu, -e, p. part.; see recevoir, recueilli, -e, p. part., adj., collected, meditative; devout; placid, calm; see recueillir.
recueillir, irr., to gather, collect;
receive, reap, get.
recul, n., m., putting back: putting off, deferring, delaying.
reculer, intr., to recede, retreat,
go back, reçurent, reçut, narr. p.; see recevoir, redire, irr., to say or tell again,
repeat.
redisait, descr. p.; see redire.
VOCABULARY
redoubler, to redouble, increase.
réduire, irr., to reduce, réduire en cendres, to reduce to ashes, lay in ashes, burn.
réduisent, près, ind.; see réduire.
réel, -le, real.
réfléchir, to reflect, meditate, think.
reflet, m., reflection, reflex.
réforme, /., reform, reformation.
refroidir, to cool, make cool or cold; to chill, render chilly.
se réfugier, to take refuge, take shelter, repair, flee.
regard, m.t look, gaze, glance; = eye.
regardait, descr. p., looked at. ., was looking at . . ; see regarder.
regarde, près, ind., looks at..; see regarder.
regarder, to look at.., regard; to look.
régime, m., form of government, mode of administration, regime.
régiment, m., regiment.
région, /., region.
régional, -e, pertaining to a region or district; provincial.
règle, /., rule, law.
réglementer, to make regulations for. ., regulate.
régner (rhgn+mute e, except fut., cond.), to reign, rule.
reine, /., queen.
rejeter (rejett+m^te e), to throw back, throw again, se rejeter, to throw oneself back, rush back.
relevé, n.f m., statement, abstract, list.
relève, près, ind., lifts up, raises; see relever.
relever (rélhv+mute e), to raise again, raise, lift up; to put together, pack up, shut; to mark, record, note.
remarquable, remarkable.
remarque, /., remark, note,
notice.
remercier, to thank.
remonter, to go up again, come up again, reascend; to go up, come up, ascend; to wind, wind up, wind up again (a spring, watch, etc.).
remontrance, /., remonstrance, faire des remontrances à quelqu'un, to remonstrate with some one.
rempart, m., rampart.
rempli, -e, p. part., adj., filled, full; see remplir. — rempli de . . , filled with . . , full of . .
remplir, to fill, fill up, take up, occupy.
remplit, près, ind., fills; see remplir.
remporter, to carry back, take back; carry away, carry off, bear away, bear off.
remuer, to move, stir; to turn up, dig up. remuer la terre (mil.), to dig up the earth in making entrenchments and other fortifications; to make earthworks.
renaît, près, ind.; see renaître.
renaître, irr., to be born again, come to life again, revive, rise again.
rencognant, ger., près, part., getting into a corner, en se rencognant, retreating into a corner. See rencogner. \
rencogner, trans., to drive or get \ into a corner, se rencogner, to retreat into a coiner, hide (intr.) in a corner.
rencontrer, to encounter, meet.
rendait, descr. p., rendered, made; see rendre.
rendez-vous, n., m., meeting, appointment, meeting by appointment, se donner rendezvous, to make an appointment with one another; to agree
VOCABULARY
on a meeting, agree to meet; to meet each other by appointment or, as it were, byappointment.
rendre, to render, give back, bring back; to make, render.
rendre service, to render a service, do a favor.
rendriez, cond., would render; see rendre.
renfermer, to enclose, contain.
renforcer, to reinforce, strengthen.
renseignement, m., information; plur., information.
rentrer, to enter again, re-enter, return, go home, come home, rentrait chez lui, was going home. rentrer, trans., to draw back, put back, draw in, put in, take in, bring in.
renverser, to overthrow, overturn, reverse, upset, throw down, turn upside down.
répandre, to shed, pour out, spread, scatter, se répandre, to be poured out, be spread, be scattered; to pour, spread, scatter {Mr.).
repart, près, ind., sets out again; see repartir.
repartie, n., /., retort, reply, repartee.
repartir, irr., to set out again, sail again.
répartir, to distribute, divide; to portion out; to assess.
repas, m., meal.
répéter, to repeat.
répliquer, to reply.
replonger, to plunge again, dive again, dip again.
répond, près, ind., answers, replies; see répondre.
répondre, to answer, reply, répondre de . . , to answer for . .
en répondre, to answer for it. j'en réponds, je vous en réponds, I answer for it, I'll
be bound for it, I warrant you; I dare say.
réponds, près, ind., answer, reply; see répondre.
reprendre, irr., to take again, take back; to begin again, continue, answer.
reprends, imper.; see reprendre.
représentant, n., m., representative.
représenter, to represent.
reprit, narr. p.; see reprendre.
reproche, n., m., reproach.
réserve, n., f., reserve.
résigner, to resign, give up. se résigner, to resign oneself, be resigned, submit.
résolut, narr. p.; see résoudre.
resonner, to sound again, ring again.
résonner, intr., to resound, sound.
résoudre, irr., to resolve, decide.
respecter, to respect.
respectueusement, respectfully.
respirer, to breathe; to take breath; to rest.
ressort, n., m., spring (of a machine, etc.).
reste, n. m., remainder, remnant, rest, remains, et le reste, and so forth, au reste, besides.
resté, -e, p. part., remained; see rester. — il était resté . . , there had remained . . ; see il, and était, être.
rester, to remain, stay, stop; to be left; to continue, keep.
en rester, to stop, leave off.
rester convaincu, to be convinced, be satisfied.
reste-t-il, interr. form, for il reste, there remains . . , there remain . . ; see rester, and il.
résumé, n., m., summary, summing up, résumé.
rétablir, to re-establish, restore.
retenir, irr., to hold back, keep
VOCABULARY
back, retain, detain, keep, confine, restrain.
retenu, -e, p. part.; see retenir.
retirer, to draw back, withdraw; draw out, get out, take out. se retirer, to retreat, retire, withdraw.
retombait, descr. p., was falling back, fell back; see retomber.
retomber, to fall back, fall again, fall down.
retour, n., m., return, être de retour, to be back, have returned.
retournant, ger., près, part., returning; en s'en retournant, while returning; see retourner.
retourne, près, ind., returns; se retourne, turns around; see retourner.
retourner, intr., to return, go back; trans., to turn, turn round, se retourner, to turn, turn round (intr.). s'en retourner, to return, go back.
retranchement, m., retrenchment, intrenchment.
retrancher, to retrench, intrench.
rets, m., net, network.
réunion, /., meeting, assembly, assembling.
réunir, to unite, bring together, gather, assemble.
réussir, to succeed, be successful.
rêve, n., m., dream.
revenaient, descr. p.; see revenir.
revenir, irr., to come back, return; to suit, please, en revenir, to come back, return.
revenu, n., m., revenue, income.
reverdir, to grow green again, grow young again, revive.
rêverie, /., re very, musing, dream.
re verrait, cond., would see again; see revoir.
reviendront, fut.; see revenir.
revient, près, ind.; see revenir.
revint, narr. p.; see revenir.
revoir, irr., to see again.
re vole, près, ind., flies back, flies again; see revoler.
revoler, to fly back, fry again.
révolution, /., revolution, la Révolution, or la Révolution française, (without any special designation), the first and most important of the four revolutions in France, the greatest event in the modern history of France and Europe, 1789-1799.
revolver, m., revolver.
Reynier, French general, 1771-
rhum, m., rum.
rhumatisme, m., rheumatism.
rhumatisse (marking a faulty or vulgar pronunciation) = rhumatisme.
riant, ger., près, part., laughing; see rire.
riche, rich.
richesse, /., riches, wealth.
rien, pron., m.=neut., nothing; anything, ne. .rien, nothing, not. .anything, ne. .rien que, nothing but, only. rien de + adj., nothing +adj.
rigoureu-x, -se, rigorous, strict, severe.
rire, irr., to laugh.
rire, n., m., laugh, laughter.
risquer, to risk.
rit, près, ind., narr. p.; see rire.
rivage, m., shore.
rive, /., shore, bank.
rivière, /., river.
riz, m., rice.
robe, /., dress, robe, gown, robe de chambre, dressinggown, morning-gown.
roi, m., king.
rôle, m., roll, list; part, character, rôle.
Romain, n., m., Roman.
VOCABULARY
romaniste, m., romanist, Romance language scholar, student of Romance languages.
rompre, to break; to break in, train, accustom, rompu, -e, aux affaires, used to business.
rond, -e, adj., round.
rond, 71., m., ring, circle.
ronde, n., /., round (dance and song).
rose, 71., /., rose, rose, adj., rosy, rose-colored, pink, red.
rose, 7i., m., rose-color, pink, red.
rôti, n., m., roast, roast meat, rôti de veau, roast veal.
rouage, m., wheel- work, wheels (of a machine).
rouge, adj., red. rouge, n.,m., red color, red; red-haired fellow.
rouillé, -e, p. part, adj., rusty; see rouiller.
rouiller, to rust, make rusty, se rouiller, to rust, become rusty.
roulé, -e, p. part., adj.; see rouler.
— Pr lingual roulé, the trilled (rolled) lingual r; see lingual, -e.
roulement, n., m., rolling, roll (de tambour, of a drum).
rouler, trans., to roll, roll up; to wind, wind up; to roll, trill; intr., to roll; to stroll, ramble, wander, roulé à la taille, wound around the waist.
rouler le faubourg, to ramble about (round) the quarter or district; see faubourg.
roulis, 7i., m., rolling (of a ship).
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. ., the celebrated French prose- writer and philosopher, 1712-1778.
route, /., road.
rouvrant, ger., près, part.; see rouvrir.
rouvrir, irr., to open again.
royal, -e, royal.
royaliste, n., m., royalist, royaume, m., kingdom, rue, /., street, ruisseau, m., brook, ruisseaux, plur.; see ruisseau, russe, adj., Russian, le russe, Russian, the Russian language
s = esse, n., /., or sometimes m.f name of the letter s. pas d's = pas d'esse, no s. Vs = Pesse, the s.
s' = se, conj. pers. pron.
s' (before il, ils) =si, conj.
sa; see son, poss. adj.
sable, m., sand.
sac, m., bag, sack.
saccager, to sack, ransack, pillage.
sache, près, subjunct.; see savoir.
sacré, -e, adj., sacred; cursed, confounded.
sacrifice, m.} sacrifice.
saillant, -e, adj., salient, prominent, noticeable.
sain, -e, sound, healthy, wholesome, sane.
sainquiou, imperfect imitation of English " thank you" by a Frenchman who does not know English, hears s instead of th, and unconsciously puts the stress towards the end of the expression.
saint, -e, adj., holy, sacred, sainted, sanctified; (before the name of a saint) Saint, St.
saint, 71., m., saint, patron saint, sainte, n., /., female saint, holy woman.
Saint-Cloud, m., town near Paris.
Saint- Denis, la porte . . , Saint- Denis Gate, the triumphal arch in the boulevard Saint- Denis, erected by the city of Paris, in 1672, to commemorate
the victories of Louis XIV. in Holland and Germany.
Saint-Eustache, la pointe . . , St.
Eustace Point, a square, in Paris, near St. Eustace's Church (église Saint-Eustache, /.), in front of the Halles Centrales (Central Market), where three large thoroughfares meet.
Saint-Germain = Saint-Germainen-Laye, m., town near Paris.
sais, près, indie, l.,2. pers. sing., know, knowest. sais-tu, do you know? See savoir.
saisir, to seize, take, catch, grasp, overcome; to understand, perceive.
salir, to soil, make dirty, bedaub.
saluer, to salute, hail, greet.
Samson, name of the public executioner at Paris during the first Revolution.
sang, m., blood.
sanglant, -e, bloody, covered with blood.
sanglot, m., sob.
sanguinaire, sanguinary, bloody.
sans, prep., without, sans se troubler, without being disconcerted; see troubler, sans s'en douter, without suspecting it; see douter. — il va sans dire; see dire. — sans avoir Pair de rien, see air. — sans perdre de temps, without losing [any] time.
sans que, conj.,-\-subjunct., without, sans que je susse (sache) . . , without my knowing . . , without knowing . .
sans-souci, n., m., careless man, even-tempered man, jolly fellow, don't worry. Sanssouci, m., comically used as the proper name of a person.
santé, /., health.
sarcastique, sarcastic, taunting.
Sarcey, Francisque.., famous
French journalist and critic, 1828-1899.
sardine, /., =.
satire, /., satire.
satirique, satirical.
satisfaction, /., satisfaction.
Satory, m., a fortified plateau, south-west of Versailles, near Paris, with a camp for manœuvres, and a prison, where many communists were confined in J871. mettre Cayenne au bout de Satory ; see Cayenne.
saucisse, /., sausage.
sauf, prep., except, save, leaving out.
saurais, sauriez, cond.; see savoir.
sauver, to save, se sauver, to save oneself, escape, run away.
sauve qui peut! save himself who can! every man for himself!
savaient, savais, savait, descr. p.; see savoir.
savant, -e, adj., learned.
savent, près, ind.; see savoir.
saveur, /., savor, taste.
savez, près, ind.; see savoir.
savions, descr. p.; see savoir.
Savoie, la. ., /., Savoy, belonging to France only since 1860, and forming now two départements; formerly an independent duchy, the native land of the ancestors of the King of Italy.
savoir, irr., to know (have learned), have a knowledge of. . ; to have information or knowledge of . . ; to learn, find out; to know how to.., be able to..; can. je ne sais [pas] quoi; see quoi. — je ne saurais, cond., I cannot, vous ne sauriez dire que . . , you can say only. .
