la grammaire includes the correct use of words

Page 84. 1. 2. le clergé français. Napoléon III reaffirmed, with some modifications, the Concordat concluded in 1801 between Napoléon I and Pius VII, by which the State nominated but the Pope instituted bishops, and the Church surrendered its territorial possessions and privilèges in return for a fixed State subsidy.

I.14. un petit prince de l'Hindoustan. The story was probably invented by Prévost-Paradol ; at least we hâve failed to identify the English traveller.

Page 85. 1. 21. Courier, Paul Louis (1773-1825), the prince of pamphleteers.

Page 87. 1. 16. de pain et de spectacles : the panem et circenses of Juvenal.

MlLL.

Mill, John Stuart, eldest son of James Mill, born at Pentonville, May 20, 1806, died at Avignon, May 8, 1873. 1806-20. Educated at home by his father.

1821. Spent a year in France with the family of Sir Samuel

Bentham.

1822. Read for the Bar with John Austin.

1823. Appointed clerk in the Examiner's Office at the India

House.

1824. Contributed to the Westminster Review. 1828. Appointed assistant examiner.

1835. Edited London Review.

1836-53. Head of department dealing with relation of the Company with native States.

1843. A System of Logic.

1848. Political Economy.

185 1. Married Mrs. Taylor.

1858. Prepared case for Company against the transfer of the

Government of India to the Crown. Retired on pension.

1859. On Liberty,

1860. Représentative Government.

1861. Utilitarianism.

1865-8. Sat in Parliament for Westminster. 1865. Auguste Comte and Positivism.

1868. Retired to Avignon.

1869. Subjection of Women.

1873. Autobiography.

1874. Essays (a posthumous volume).

Page 88. 1. 28. Bentham, Jeremy (1748-1832), founder of the English School of Utilitarianism. His influence as a philosophie writer on jurisprudence, and as a reformer of législation, was even more important. Mill was his ablest disciple, and edited his Treatise upon Evidence in 1825. He started the Utilitarian Society, which met in the early 'Twenties to read and discuss papers on a Benthamite basis.

Page 89. 1. 1. Auguste Comte (1798-1857), the founder of Positivism. Mill maintained with him an intimate correspondence during the years 1841-4, and in 1844, when Comte was ejected from his professorship in the École Polytechnique, started a subscription among English admirers to relieve his pecuniary embarrassment. Comte showed little gratitude, and quarrelled with his friend when the subsidy was not renewed a second year. Mill drifted farther and farther away from the doctrines of his early master, and expressed his final dissent in the masterly review of Positivism published in 1865.

1. 2. des systèmes socialistes. Especially that of Saint-Simon, the early patron and collaborateur of Comte.

1. 4. LepèredeM. Mill : James Mill (1773-1836), the promulgator of Benthamism in England. He was, like his son, an officiai of the East India Company. His opus magnum, the History of India, was published in 18 18.

1. 13. la philosophie positive. Littré (himself a Comtist) defines it thus : ' un système philosophique émané des sciences positives ; Auguste Comte en est le fondateur ; ce philosophe emploie particulièrement cette expression par opposition à ce qui s'appuie sur la philosophie théologique et la philosophie métaphysique '.

1. 24. la suite des évolutions. The well-known doctrine of Comte that humanity has passed through three stages : (1) the theological, which explains ail phenomena by the will or interférence of some super-human power ; (2) the metaphysical, which explains them by abstractions (e.g. nature abhors a vacuum) ; (3) the positive, which limits itself to facts revealed to us by the sensés.