chapitre m. chapter

chaque each, every

char m. car, hearse; — d’assaut tank [thrax

charbon ». coal, charcoal; an-

charcutier ». pork-butcher

charge f. expense

charger to load, burden; to entrust with (de)

chariot m. wagon

charpentier m. carpenter

charrette f. cart

charrier to drift; see faire

charte f. charter

chasse f. hunting, hunt

chasse-mouches m. fly-flap

chasser to hunt; to drive out, cast out, expel

chasseur à pied m.

fantryman, rifleman

château m. castle

châtiment #». chastening, punishment

chaume #. thatch

chaumière f. cottage

chauve bald

chef m. chief, commander; — de guerre war chieftan

light in-

chef-lieu m. chief town; capital: headquarters

chemin #». way, road: — de fer m. railroad; —s vicinaux local roads

cheminée f. fireplace

chêne m. oak tree

chenille f. caterpillar

cher expensive

chercher to look for, search, pick

cheval m. horse; à —, on horseback

chevalerie f. knighthood

chevalier ». knight

chevelure f. hair

cheveu 9». hair

cheville f. ankle

chevreuil ». roebuck, venison

chez at the house of; — les étrangers (from) among foreigners

chiendent m. couch grass

chiffre m. figure, total amount

chimique chemical

chimiste m. chemist

chinois adj. & n. Chinese

choisir to choose

chose f. thing

choux-navet ». colewort

christianisme #». Christianity

chute f. fall

ciel m. sky, heaven

cimetière 7». cemetery, churchyard

cingler to stcer (a ship’s course)

circuler to move

cirque m». amphitheater

ciselé chiseled, chased

citoyen ”. citizen

clair clear, bright; faire —, to dawn, be daylight

clameur f. clamor

cloche f. bell

clocheton m». (little) steeple

cocarde f. cockade

cœur m. heart; avoir à —, to

VOCABULAIRE

set one’s heart on; de bon —, willingly; par —, by heart; sans —, heartless

cohue f. crush, mob

coiffer to dress the hair; se — de to wear on one’s head

coiffure f. headgear, headdress

colère f. anger, passion, rage; se mettre en —, to become angry

collier m. necklace

colline f. hill

colonne f. column, pillar

combat ». combat, fight, battle; mettre hors de —, to disable

combattre to fight

combler to fill up

comédie see jouer

comité m”. committee; — de salut public committee of public safety

commander to order, command

commencement ». beginning

commerçant adj. commercial, mercantile; n. merchant, trader

commerce »”. commerce, trade, business

commettre to commit, perpetrate

commis m». clerk

commun common; en —, in

common commune f. commune, chartered borough; township communication f. connection; mettre en —, to connect communiquer to communicate comparaître to appear compléter to complete complot m. conspiracy comporter to permit, allow composer (se) to consist comprendre to understand compte m. account; tenir — à to credit some one with;

tenir — de to take into account

compter to reckon, count

comte "». count (rank of nobility)

comté m. county ({erritory belonging to a count)

concile »m. council

concitoyen 7». fellow citizen

concordat "”. compact, treaty (between a pope and a sovereign covering religious matters)

condamner to condemn; condamné m. condemned (man)

condition f. condition; nature; terms; à — que provided that

conduire to lead, guide, conduct; se —, to behave

conduite f. direction, ship

confiance f. confidence, trust; avoir — en to trust

confiant relying, trusting

conflit m». clash

conformer to conform

conformément à according to

connaissance f. knowledge

connétable m”. constable (formerly the name of the ranking military officer in France)

conquérir to conquer

conquête f. conquest; —, to conquer

conseil m. advice; council; — municipal town council

conseiller m. adviser, counselor

consentir to consent

conserver to keep

conspirer to plot

construire to build

contenance f. countenance; faire bonne —, to keep one’s countenance

content (de) pleased (with)

contenter (se) to be satisfied with (de)

contraindre to compel, constrain

leader-

faire la

contraire:

trary

contredire to gainsay, contradict

contrée f. country, region

contribution f. tax

convaincre to convince

convenir to agree; suit; — à to be suited to

convertir (se) to become a convert to

convoi m. funeral procession

convoquer to summon, call, convoke

cor m. horn

corbillard m. hearse

cordage m. rope, rigging

cordon "”. sash (of an order)

cordonnier m. shocmaker

corporation f. guild, union

corps m. body

Corse f. Corsica

cortège m. procession

corvée f. forced work (on roadmending)

côte f. coast

côté m. side; à — de alongside; des deux —s on both sides; du — de towards; mettre de —, to put by, save

couché lying down, recumbent

coucher to sleep; se —, to go to bed

coude m. elbow

au —, on the con-

couler to run, flow; to run down, sink; faire — le sang to shed blood

coup m». blow; — de bâton blow (with a stick); — de

couteau stab; — d’état sudden stroke of state policy; — de feu shot; — de force blow; — de pistolet pistol shot

coupable guilty

couper to eut; — la tête to

VOCABULAIRE

behead; avoir la tête coupée to be beheaded

cour f. yard, (royal) court; — de Cassation Supreme Court, Court of Appeals

courir to run, incur

couronne f. crown

couronner to crown

courroux m. wrath

COurS m. Course; — moyen intermediate course; — de l’eau stream

court brief

cousin m”m. cousin; — germain first cousin

coûter to cost; coûte que coûte at any cost

couture f. sewing

couvrir to cover

craindre to fear, be afraid of

crainte f. fear

cravate f. tie

créancier m. creditor

crédit m. credit; — agricole bank of agriculture; — foncier land bank; — mobilier

bank of commerce

creuser to dig; se —, to deepen, grow hollow

crevassé cracked

cri m. cry, pousser des —s to scream, cackle; to utter shouts

criblé (de) riddled (with)

crieur m. crier; — de la commune town-crier

Crimée f. Crimea (province in southern Russia)

crise f. crisis

cristaux m. pl.

glassware

croire to believe (à = in)

croisade f. crusade

croisé m. crusader

croix f. cross

croyance f. faith

CTU adj. raw

crystalware,

VOCABULAIRE

cruauté f. cruelty

cueillir to pick, gather cuirasse f. breastplate cuire to bake

cuivre m. copper

culotte f. breeches

culte m». cult, creed, religion cultiver to cultivate, till

D dame f. lady danger m. peril, jeopardy; mettre en —, to endanger, imperil

danois adj. Danish; n. Dane

danser to dance

davantage more

débander (se) to disband

débarquer to land

débarrasser (se) to get rid of

débilité f. weakness

débloquer to raise the blockade

débonnaire good-natured, meek

debout standing, upright

débris m. ruins, remains

début m. debut, beginning; au — de at the beginning of

débuter to start

décharger to unload

déchirer to tear

décidé resolute

décider to decide, determine; — à to induce some one to; se —, to make up one’s mind

décorer to adorn

découper (se) to stand out

décourager (se) to be discouraged

découverte f. discovery

décret m. decree, enactment

décréter to decree, order

dedans within

défaite f. defeat

défaut m. fault, failing, shortcoming

défendre to defend:

prohibit

défense f. interdiction, prohibition; vindication

défenseur m”. supporter, cator

défier to defy, challenge; se — de to distrust

défiler (devant) to march (past)

dehors outside, without

délégué m. delegate

délibération f. discussion, deliberation

délibérer to debate, discuss

délicieux delicious, extremely agreeable

délier (se) to loosen

délire m. frenzy; avoir le —, to rave

délivrer to free

demander (à) to ask (of), beseech

démembrer to disjoint, tear to pieces

démentir (se) to belie oneself; to flag

démettre (se) to resign

demeurer to remain

démission f. resignation; donner sa — to resign

démontrer to prove

denrée f. commodity, wares

dentelle f. lace

dénuement m. distress

dépasser to extend beyond; te exceed

dépêcher (se) to hurry, hasten

dépeindre to depict

dépense f. expenditure

dépenser to spend

dépensier m. spendthrift

dépérir to dwindle, weaken

déplacer (se) to go about, change one’s place; be displaced

déplaire to displease

to forbid,

vindi-

352 VOCABULAIRE

déporter to deport

dépouille f. spoil

dépouiller to rob

depuis from; since

dernier last

déroute f. rout, disorder; mettre en —, to rout

derrière behind

dès since

désagréable unpleasant

désastreux disastrous

descendre to go down; to alight, descend

désespérer to despair

déshonorant disgraceful

désigner to appoint, elect

désirer to desire

désobéir to disobey

désoler (se) to become troubled

désordre m. disturbance, disorder

desséché dried up

dessin m. design

dessiner to draw

dessus on, upon; au — de above, over

destiner to intend

destructeur m. destroyer

déterrer to unearth

détester to hate

détonation f. report (of a firearm)

detrôner to dethrone

détruire to destroy

dette f. debt; faire des —s to incur debts

deuil m. mourning

devant before, in front of; opposite; aller au — de to go to meet, advance towards

devenir to become; qu’allonsnous — ? what will become of us?

devoir m. duty, exercise; faire son —, to do one’s duty

devoir to have to; to owe; ought, must, should

dévorant devouring, parching

dévot devout

dévoué devoted

diable m. devil

Dieu m. God

différend m. disagreement

digne worthy

digue f. dike, dam

dîme f. tithe (a fax levied on the peasants calling for one-tenth of their harvest)

diminuer to decrease, reduce

dire to say; c’est à — that is to say; vouloir —, to mean

diriger to conduct; se —, to proceed towards

discours m. discourse, speech

discuter to argue, dispute

disparaître to disappear

disposer to arrange, place; — en carré to form into a square

disposition Jf. arrangement, measures; prendre des —s to take one’s stand

dissentiment m». dissension

dissoudre to dissolve

distinguer to distinguish

divers various

diviser to divide

dizain m. decastich (stanza of ten lines)

dommage m». damage, injury; c’est bien — que it is a pity that

don m. gift

donjon "». dungeon

donner to give; je vous le donne en quatre J'Il give you four chances; il ne lui fut pas donné it was not given him:

se — à to give oneself; to devote oneself to; to impose on oneself

dormir to sleep

dos m. back; à —, on the back

doucement softly

VOCABULAIRE

douleur f. pain, grief

doute »”1. doubt; sans nul —-, without any doubt

doux sweet, gentle

drame ». drama, tragedv

drap ». cloth

drapeau m". flag

dresser to train

droit m». fee; right; law

droite f. right hand or side

druide Druid (a priest of the ancient Celts)

duché m. duchy

dur hard

durer to last, endure

dureté f. harshness

eau f. water

écart m. step aside; aloof, aside

échafaud m». scafold

échapper (s’) to flee

échouer to fail

éclairé adj. enlightened

éclairer to light, illumine

éclat ». brilliance; splinter

éclatant brilliant, striking

éclater to burst, break out

école f. school; — primaire elementary school; — normale teachers’ college

économe thrifty

écorce f. bark

écraser to crush, overwhelm:; le nez écrasé pug nose

écrit m. writing

écriteau ». signboard

écrivain "». writer

écumoire f. strainer, skimmer

écurie f. (horse)stable

édit m. edict

effet m. effect; en —, in reality

efficace efficacious, efficient

efforcer (s’) to make an effort, strive hard

effort m. effort; faire de grands —$ to do one’s best

effrayer (s’) to be frightened

égal equal

égalité f. equality

égard m. regard; à l’'— de with

regard to, respecting

Eglise f. Church

élan ». dash, rush; elk

élancer (s’) to jump; to reach forth; to cast oneself down

élégie f. elegy

élever to bring up, rear; to erect, raise; S’—, to arise

élire to elect

éloigné apart, distant, separated

embarras m. difhculty; hindrance, blockade; faire des -——, to make a fuss; tirer d—, to help out of trouble

embellir to beautify; become beautiful

embouchure f. mouth (of a river)

embrassade f. embrace

embrasser to kiss

émeute f. uprising, riot

émigré m. emigrant

emmener to take away

émouvoir to move, stir

emparer (s’) to take possession, seize

empêcher to prevent

emploi "». position; line of business

employer to use

empoisonner to poison

emporter to carry off

empressement ». eagerness

emprisonner to imprison

en in, at, by, while, as

enceinte f. inclosure, precinct

enchanter to delight

encore still; indeed; — une fois once again

encourir to incur, deserve

endetté in debt

S' —, to

354 VOCABULAIRE

endroit m. place, locality

enfance f. childhood

enfant ». child; tout —, quite a child

enfer m. hell

enfermer to shut in, inclose; être enfermé to be indoors; s’—, to shut oneself up.

enflammer (s’) to take fire, burst into a blaze

enfer to swell

enfoncer to smash

enfuir (s’) to flee

engager (s’) to begin (a battle); to take place

engin m. engine

enhardir (s’) to grow bold

enjeu m. stake

enlever (à) to take away (from); to remove, carry off

ennuyer (s’) to be bored

enrager to become angry

enregistrer to record, ratify

enrichir (s’) to acquire wealth

enrôlement m”. enlistment, enrollment

enrôler to enlist

enseignement ». education, instruction, teaching; — supérieur higher education

enseigner to teach

ensemble m. whole

ensemble together

ensevelir to bury

ensuite afterwards, then, later

entasser to pile up

entendement ». understanding

entendre to hear; — parler de to hear of; Ss’—, to make an agreement; to act in concert with; s’— bien avec to agree or be on good terms with

entêté stubborn

entier whole, entire; tout —, quite entirely

entonner to intone, strike up

entourer to surround

entraînant overpowering

entraîner to lead away; s'—, to train oneself

entrave f. fetters, impediment, obstacle

entrée f. entry, entrance

entreprendre to undertake

entrer to enter

entretenir to maintain; to keep in good repair (of roads)

envahir to invade

envahisseur m. invader

envelopper to surround

envers towards

environnant surrounding

environs ". pl. surroundings

envoyer to send

épais thick

épargner to spare

épaule f. shoulder

épée f. sword

épices f. pl. spices

épiître f. epistle

époque f. epoch

épouser to marry

épouvantable frightful

éprouvé tried

éprouver to feel, experience

épuiser to exhaust, use up

équipage m. crew

équiper to arm

ère f. era

errer to roam

escalader to climb, scale

escalier m. staircase

esclavage m. slavery

esclave m. slave

Espagne f. Spain

espagnol adj. Spanish; n. Spaniard

espérance f. hope

espérer to hope

espoir ». hope; sans —, hopeless

esprit »m. mind, wit; head

VOCABULAIRE

essaim "”. swarm

essayer (de) to attempt (to)

est m. east

estimer (s’) to consider oneself

estrade f. platform

estropier to cripple

étable f. stable; — à porc pigsty

établir (s’) to settle, set up in business; to establish

étaler (s’) to spread

état m. class, order; state; les Etats généraux the States- General; see coup

étendard m. standard, banner

étendre (s’) to extend, spread, stretch

étendu adj. extensive

étendue f. extent; dans toute son —-, to its full extent

étoffe f. cloth, material

étonnement ». wonder

étonner to surprise, astonish

étrange strange

étranger adj. foreign; n. m. foreigner; foreign country

être m. being

être to be; for idioms see the various nouns and adjectives

étroit narrow

étude f. study; faire ses —s to study

étudiant m. student

évêché m. episcopate (jurisdiction of a bishop)

éveiller (s’) to wake up

événement ". event

évêque m. bishop

éviter to avoid

exalté excited

excès m. abuse, excess

exciter to instigate

exécrable detestable

exécuter to fulfill, carry out

exercer to practise; S'—, to train oneself

exercice m. exercise; faire l’—, to be drilled

exiger to demand, exact

expier to pay for

exploité cultivated

explorateur "». explorer

exposé exposed; être — à to run the risk of

exprimer to express

expulsion f. expulsion

exterminer to exterminate, kill off

fabricant m»m. manufacturer

fabrication f. manufacture

fabrique f. factory, works

fabriquer to make, manufacture

face f. front; — à —, face to face

fâcher (se) to become angry

factieux m. factionist, seditionmonger

faible weak

faiblesse f. weakness

faïence f. earthenware, crockery; faïence

faillir to be near, be on the point of

faim f. hunger; hungry

fainéant m. sluggard; les rois —$ the do-nothing kings

faire to do, make; to have, let, cause; to be; for idioms see the various nouns and adjectives; — baptiser to have christened; — communiquer to havecommunicated, open up communication; — comprendre à to give one to understand; — le coup de feu to fire; — un coup de force to strike a blow; — couper la tête to have beheaded; — cuire to bake; — donner toutes ses forces to concen-

avoir —, to be

trate all one’s forces; — fumer le pistolet to let off the pistol; — fuir nos soldats to cause our soldiers to fiee; — de même to do the same; — naître to give birth to; — régner la paix to let peace reign; — venir to let come; — voir to show; se —, to be or become; to get; to make or have oneself (+ past part.); to take place; se — obéir to

make oneself obeyed, be obeyed; se — sacrer to be crowned; s’en — accroire

to deceive oneself; un grand mouvement se fit a great movement took place; ne — qu’un avec to be at one with; ne fit que charrier des glaçons only made the ice floes drift

fait m. fact

falloir to be necessary

fantaisie f. fancy, whim

fatigant tiring

faucille f. sickle

fausseté f. duplicity

faute f. mistake

fauteuil ». armchair

faveur f:favor; en — de on behalf of

fécond fertile

fédéré m. confederate

femme f. wife

fente f. cleft, opening

féod m. fief

féodal feudal

féodalité f. feudalism

fer m. iron, — forgé wrought iron; par le — et par le feu with fire and sword

ferme steadfast

fermer to close

fermeté f. firmness

féroce ferocious

ferré chained; see réseau

VOCABULAIRE

fête f. feast, festival; faire une —, to celebrate

feu m. fire; — d'artifice firework; mettre le — à to light, set (on) fire

feuille f. sheet, leaf

fidèle faithful

fief m. fief

fier noble, proud

fièvre f. fever

fil m. thread; — de fer barbelé barbed wire; see télégraphie

fin f. end; à la — in the end

fixé fixed, limited

fléau m. scourge

flèche f. spire; arrow

flétrir to castigate, condemn

fleuve m. river

florissant prosperous

flot m. crowd; wave, frill; — pressé eager crowd

flotte f. navy, fleet

foi f. faith, confidence; de mauvaise —, of bad faith; 1lldisposed

fois f. time; à la —. at the same time; chaque — que whenever; encore une —, once

more; tout à la —, at the same time

folie f. madness, frenzy

follement madly, foolishly

foncier adj. landed; see crédit

fond m. basis, stock, foundation:

au — de at the bottom of

fonder to establish, found

force f. strength, power; meaning; —$S troops;

fôret f. forest

forger to forge, hammer

former to form

fort hard, strong

fortifier to fortify; strengthen

fossé m. ditch

fou insane

fougère f. fern

VOCABULAIRE

fouiller to dig, search; to pry into

foule f. crowd, mob

four m». oven

foyer m». home

frais m. pl. expense; faire les

—, to bear the expense

framée f. lance, javelin

franc, franque adj. & n. Frank

franchir to cross; clear up

francisque f. battle-ax

frapper to strike, impress; — un grand coup to strike a decisive blow; — du pied to kick

fréquenté adj. frequented, visited

fréquenter to attend

fripier »m. dealer in old clothes

frise f. frieze

froid m. cold

fronde f. sling; Fronde name of a French party in the seventeenth century

front m. forehead

frontière f. boundary

frotter to rub

fruitier m.

arbre

fuire to flee

fumée f. smoke

fumer to smoke, make a smoke

funèbre adj. funeral, funereal

fureur f. fury

fusée f. skyrocket

fusil m. gun, rifle

fusilier m. fusileer; naval gunner

fusillade f. firing

fusiller to shoot

fuyard m. fugitive

fruit dealer; see

— marin

gagner to gain, earn galère f. galley

gamin ». urchin

ganter to fit with gloves; ganté de fer iron-clad

garder to care for, keep; to guard

gardien m». keeper

garni (de) fitted (with)

garnison f. garrison; to be garrisoned

gâter to spoil

gauche left; la — et la droite des ennemis the left and right flanks of the enemy

Gaule f. Gaul

Gaulois n. Gaul (people); adj.

pertaining to Gaul, Gallic

gazon mn. grass, turf

geler to freeze

gémir to sob, wail

gendarmerie f. police, constabulary

gêner to hinder, incommode, be in the way; to thwart

génie m. genius

genou m. knee; se mettre à —x to kneel down; se tenir à —x to remain kneeling; tomber à —Xx to fall to one’s knees

gens m. & f. pl. people; — du peuple common people

gentilhomme "». nobleman

gérer to manage

germain germane, related; see cousin

geste m. movement; son

gibier m. (wild) game

gilet m. waistcoat, vest

glace f. mirror, ice

glacial glacial, severe

glaçon m». ice floe

gousse f. husk, clove

goût m. taste

goutte f. drop

gouverner to govern

tenir —,

see chan-

grâce f. grace, pardon; bonne —, gracefulness, charm; — à thanks to

gracieusement graciously

grade m». rank, commission

grain m. grain, COrn

graisse f. fat

grand adj. large, great, big; stately; decisive; om. pl.

noblemen,smnobility

grand-écuyer m. master of the herse

grand-veneur m. master of the hounds

grandeur f. greatness

grandir to grow

grange f. barn

gratuit free

gravé engraved

gravure f. picture

gré m. will, wish; bon — mal —, willy-nilly

grêle f. hail

grêle adj. thin

grenade f. hand grenade

grenier m. granary; garret

grève f. strike; se mettre en —, to strike

grille f. railing, gate (garden)

gros m. bulk

gros adj. big, large

grossier rude, coarse

guère little, scarcely

guérir to cure; recover; se —, to recover

guérison f. cure, recovery

guerre f. war; hommes de —, military men, warriors; vaisseau de —, warship; faire la —, to wage war

guerrier M.

like

guetteur m. watchman

gui m. mistletoe [the guillotine)

guillotiner to execute(by means of

guillotineur m. executioner

Warrior; @dj. War-

VOCABULAIRE

habile clever

habileté f. cleverness, skill

habiller to clothe; s’—, to dress

habitation f. habitation; see salle

habiter to inhabit, dwell in

habitude f. custom

habituer to accustom

hache f. ax

haine f. hate

haïr to hate

harceler to harass, worry

hardi bold

hasard m. chance; livrer au —, to leave to chance

hâte f. haste, hurry

haut m. top; du — de from the top of; de — en bas from top to bottom; en —, at the top of

herbe f. grass

hérétique 7.

formist

hériter to inherit

héritier m. heir

heure f. hour; de bonne -—-, early, quite early in life; tout à l’—, presently

heureux fortunate, happy

hirondelle f. swallow

hiver m. winter

hommage m». homage

honnêteté f. honesty

honteux shameful

hôpital m. hospital

horlogerie f. clockwork

horreur f. horror; faire —;, to horrify

hors outside, away from; — de combat disabled

hôtel de ville m». town hall

huer to hoot at

huile f. oil

huissier m. sherifl’s officer, baïliff

heretic, noncon-

VOCABULAIRE

humain human hurler to shriek

Iéna Jena

île f. island

illustrer (s’) to become famous, render oneself illustrious

image f. picture

immoler to sacrifice

impitoyable pitiless, ruthless

importer to matter, signify; n'importe quoi no matter what

impôt m. tax

imprenable impregnable

imprimer to print

imprimerie f. printing

imprudence f. indiscretion

inabordable inaccessible

incendie m. fire, conflagration

incendier to set fire to

incliner (s’) to bow

inconnu unknown

inconstant fickle

incroyable incredible

Inde f. India

indigène m. native

indigner (s') to express one’s indignation

indivisible indivisible

indo-chinois adj. Indo-Chinese

indulgent forgiving

infortune f. misfortune

ingénieur m. engineer

injurier to insult

injuste unjust

inonder to inundate, overrun

inquiet anxious; restless, uneasy

inquiéter (s’) to grow anxious or uneasy; être inquiété to become alarmed

inquiétude f. anxiety, restlessness

inscrire to inscribe; register

s’—, to

insolent impudent

inspirer to inspire

instituteur m. teacher (of an elementary school)

instruire (s’) to teach (oneself)

instruit learned

insu: à son —, unknown to him

insupportable unbearable

insurgé m. rebel, insurgent

intendance f. administration, stewardship; district

intendant m. controller, intendant

intérêt m. interest, concern

intimité f. intimacy; dans l —, in close connection with

inutile useless

inventé fictitious

jadis once, formerly

jaloux jealous

jamais never, ever; à —-, for ever

jambe f. leg

jaune yellow

javeline f. javelin

jet m. throw

jeter to throw, drop; être jeté dans to become involved

jeu m. amusement, game; — de paume m. tennis, tennis court, squash court

jeune young

jeunesse f. youth

joie f. j0y

joindre to join, annex

joli pretty; delightful

jouer to play; — aux cartes to play cards; — la comédie to act

jouir (de) to enjoy

jour m. day; — de Noël

Christmas day journal m. newspaper journée f. (whole) day

jugement m. decision; mettre en —, to try (in law)

juger to pass sentence; to try

jument f. mare

jupon m». robe, petticoat

jurer to swear, take an oath

jusque up to, until; —-là as far as that

juste: au —, exactly

justice f. justice; rendre —, to administer Justice

justifier (se) to clear oneself

K képi m. (military) cap

là there; de —, hence

labourage m. plowing, husband- TY

laboureur m. plowman, peasant

lâcher to loosen; — prise to let go one’s hold

laid ugly; — à faire peur ugly enough to scare one

laideur f. ugliness

laine f. wool

laisser to let, allow; to leave:

— passer to let pass; obtrude:; — voir to betray; se — + infinitive to allow oneself to be

lait m. milk

lambris m. panel

lancer to throw; to discharge, shoot; to utter; se —, to hurl oneself, be hurled

langue f. tongue, language

languir to languish

large broad

lecture f. reading

léger light, slight

léguer to bequeath

légume m. vegetable

lendemain m. morrow; du jour au —, within a day

VOCABULAIRE

lent slow

lettre f. character

levée f. levy

lever m. levee, rising

lever to raise, hold; au — du at the dawn of; se —, to get up, rise

lèvre f. lip

libre free

lieu m. place; au — de instead of; au — que whereas; avoir —, to take place

lièvre m. hare

ligne f. line, ranks

limpide clean

lit m. bed; — de mort death bed