and p

Line 11. — abatis. — The same term is usedin English, but f reqnently

written abattis — a defence made by cutting down trees,

and arranging them so as to présent the greatest possible

obstruction to an enemy — from abattre.

Line 14. — contenir — To keep in check.

Line 16. — ordonne à— See Note p. 15, 1. 39. Line 17. — «t il montre &c. — And he pointed out to his soldiers that

the deliverance of Landau would be the infallible resuit

of the next day's victory. Line 21. — respirent. — We use breathe in the same sensé. Line 23.— n»épris Scorn.

Line 24. — on sent &c. — There is felt an overpowering force, some-

thing indescribably irrésistible.

Line 26. — I*© Fèvre &c. — Thèse gênerais became f amous afterwarda

under Napoléon.

Line 28. — plupart obscurs — obscursis plural to agrée vnih plupart.

« haute illustration — High renown.

Line 29. — et qui font — ^Who were serving. See Note, p. 5, L 33. Line 36.— d'epancber — Of pouring forth.

Line 38. — davantage — ^Distinguish its use from that of plus. D. F

Line 40. — ^bomme de bien — A virtuous man.

Page 31.

Line 2. — U «e recueille — ^He collected his thoughta.

LiQ6 6. — «an« rompre truite setnelle — Without yieldicg a it«p.

In fencing, rcnnpre la acmella means to draw back tbe

foot.

Line 11. qu'un des premlem &c. — Wbiob I was oDe o the flrat

to suppress.

Line 12.— 13 en est peu — Thore aro fow.

•• le vainqueur «le Rocrol — The great Coiidô who had to

be awakened before the battle o( Rocroi, in the Nether-

landR, in which he totilly defcatad the Spauiards, in

Line 14. — ^j'aime mieux — I would rather.

Line 18. — Oui, mon gênerai — This is addtossed to Le Veueur. Line 21. — «ans entravex — Untrammelled.

Line 22.— Je tloî*— I must.

•• c'cKt an alternative — cdis nsed withMre whcn foUowed

by a noun ; bnt when an adjective follows, il must be

uscd.

Line 24. — ti^tp présomptueuse — Because it was made before he

had won the victory.

Line 26. — adieux — From d and Dieu — compare Eughah Qoodbye,

oontracted from God he with you, •« plus beau — Mo.it glorioUB.

Line 29.— del><>»»< — Up— on foot.

Line 31. — rencontre, préparait — This union of the présent and

imperfect mu t not bo imitatod in English. Line 38. — occupé — In traushiting supply '* which wa» " to avuid U»e

concurrence of participles, which would be inélégant. Line 87. — au pas de charge — See Note, p. 20, 1. 16.

Paor 32.

Lino 5. — en «'accusant &c. — Elaming each othor for Ihiirdcfeata. Line 8.—»"* 1ère— See Note, p. 27, 1. 20.

Cn.VPTER V.

HOCILE RESiaN8 COMMAND OF TlUI ABJCT OF TBB BBZNB — IXICm OF ROBESPIERRE AND THE COMMITTnE— REION OF TERBOB— OMIUFFT POSITION OP linCHK—lIIS MARRI VOE — I.r.TTKtm To lUd WIFE— PRE- PARATIONS OF THE COMMITTKE TO Cnti'SU UUI — REMOVEO rBOM TKB ARMY OP TUE MOSELLE — SENT TO ITALY.

Line 17.~v«u— Wiah.

Line 18. — exauce— (.iranted.

158 NOTfiS.

Line 19. — mit à couvei-t — Protect.

«« ombrageux — Jealous.

Line 21. — qu'il *'y était faits — ^Whom he had made in it — The participle agrées with the direct object que ; not with se, which is the indirect object, meaning — for himself. See D. F. 591.

Line 22. — à Tavis desquels — dont can be nsed only when it is immediately preceded by its antécédent, and followed by the subject of the verb : de qxii cannot be used when do implies possession, but only when it means from ; du quel &c. must be used when dont and de qui are inadmissible.

Line 24. — toujours en mission — Still on mission — i.e. stillrepresenting the committee at the head-quarters of the army. " auprès — Free-masons use a similar expression, e.g,, " Our

Kepresentative near the Grand Lodge of England. "

Line 25. — pardonner à— See Note, p. 15, 1. 39.

Line 28. — ^l'evendiquèrent — The verb means strictly to claim something of which one has been deprived unjustly.

Page 33.

Line 2. — pour — Against.

Line 3. — songeait — Songer is generally used when one's thoughta rest lightly on a subject : jpenser implies dehberate r6flection— deep thought.

Line 4. — on était arrivé — The climaz of the Reign of Terror had been reached.

Line 6. — ombrageuse — Suspicions.

Line 8. — ®* ***■ science — Observe omission of par between ïe ^a^eni and la science, as they are to some extent synonymous.

Line 9. — Madame Roland — One of the most celebrated charactera of the Revolutionary period. After her marriage and removal to Paris, she became the Queen of the Gironde party, and was involved in its min. She was executed in 1793. Her memoirs throw a vivid hght on the éventa which led to the Eeign of Terror.

•• Bailly — A distinguished member of the Gommons, who

was elected Président of the National Assembly. After the formation of the Commune, he was chosen Mayor of Paris, but becoming unpopular, he was replaced by Petion and guillotined 1793.

Line 10. — ^Barnave — An éloquent deputy of the States- General. He was one of the commissioners sent to stop the flight of the Eoyal Family, but was afterwards gained to the

king's Bide by the influence of Marie AntoinetUi. He

was executcd in 1703.

Line 10.— Malesherbe»— One of the advocates who pleaded the

cause of Louis XVL in the Convention ; put to d«Ath in

" constituante — Members of the Constituant AuMmbly.

Line 11.— Rlrondlns—See Note, p. 18, 1 8. Line 13.— M"n<agn»rclH See Note, p. 18,. 1. 7. The most celebrated

were Robespierre, Danton, Marat.

Line 16. — tant de meurtreM &c. — So many murders and se much

blood — ta7ît may be used before a noan of either num

bcr, and, thcreforc, does not rcquire to be repeated. Line 17. — 1« vainqueur — In opposition Ui Houchard. Line 18. — liaclie — Axe — h. aspirate — English, hatchet, hath. Line 21. — Est — Besides this word and ouest, final t is sounded in a

fow others, e.g.y fat, bout, dot, aîert, correct, direct,

exact.

** fkUait ombrage — Gave ofTeuce.

Line 22. — rudesse — Violence.

Line 23. — «upcrbe — Arrogant.

Line 24.— «lont See Note, p. 82, 1. 22.

Line 26. — l'abattre — Crushinghim.

«« dégoûts — Mortifications.

" ]«Mer — "Wearing out — from adj. las iired.

Line 28. — l»»l Imposait — Imposer takes d aftor it.

Line 29. — réclamait — Protested — Imperffct of repeatod action D. F. 651.

Line 31. — Simple» — Insignificant — trifling.

«• contre lui — Against him — 1.0., ho as to throw blâme opon

him.

Line 83. — prlv^ de — Without — in want of.

" empiétait — Vian encroaching— froni tn and pied,

Line 86. — gravement — Scriously.

Line 86. — ^ ■*»'» regartl — With regard to him.

Line 38. — r^p^« «le Domoclè»*^Damocle8 wai one of the courtier» of Dionysius of Syracuse. In ordcr to f<how him thaï kings were not po ontirely happy aa he ima^ined, the tyrant invitcd hin> to a fcast at whirh a naked aword was Huppondi'd ov«'r his head by a dinglo hair. lo ail agC8 this bas been a favorit* illustration of wriUra and ■peakerB.

l6o NOTES.

Paois 84.

Line 1. — il ne s'en cacliait pas— He made no concealment of i*

— se cacher de quelque chose, to conceal a thing; se

cacher à quelqu'un, to hide one's self from a person. Line 8. — démission — Résignation.

" incessa nament — Immediately — ^Incessantly is an obsolète

meaning of the word.

Line 9. — aigreur — Bitterness — ill-feeling. Line 10. — ardent ami — ^Appositive to je in j'ai cru : therefore no

article is used.

Line 11. — Hélas : — In this word final a is sounded ; also in vis (screw)

lys, as (ace), ours, and some others.

Line 12. — malheur à qui — Woe to the man who — The antécédent

of qui is omitted.

Line 14. — sans plaisir ni peine — The use of ni is accounted for

by the fact that sans has a sort of négative meaning.

In the same way the négative aucun does not require

ne when Bans is used with it, as, Il est venu sans aucune

lettre.

« c'est assez &c. — I hâve told you enough of my troubles.

Line 16. — contrarié — Thwarted.

Line 17. — rebuté — ^Discouraged.

'« que la malveillance &c. — Which malice spread in his

path.

Line 19. — qui le fuyaient — ^Which shunned him — »'.«., which he

could not obtain.

Line 21. — ^Thionville — A fortified town on the Moselle, north of

Metz. Line 22. — 1» décence &c — The modesty of her demeanor. Line 23. — était directeur des vivres — ^Was commissary — had

charge of the provisioning of the army. Line 28. — point la ricliesse — ^ElHptical for Je ne demande point la

richesse. The English word riches is a contracted form

of richesse.

Line 82. — qu'il ne lui &c. — That she will want nothing escept

v/hat she will not ask for — î.e., that she will haveevery-

thing she wants.

Line 34. — dépassait de beaucoup — Far surpassed. Line 3ô. — l'obtenir d'elle-même — To obtain her from herself— t.e.,

that she should of her own accord accept him, noturged

by her parents because it was a better match than they

could hâve looked for.

Paob 85.

Lina 1. -Adélmide — The diœresis, called tréma iu Frencb, show* that the vowol ovor which it ia placed form? a séparât» syllable from tlio vowcl which précèdes it. " lo nœud (te, — The bond which ia tounitou»— A'vuct (rotn

Latin nodus.

Line 3. — l'un à l'autre — To eacli other.

Liûe 4. — peut-élre ii'avex-vou« point — Peut-être is one of thoM adverba which at the beginning of a sentence require the subject to corne nftor the vt^rb. The othen are aintif alors, à peine, après, déjà, ici, là, &a

Line 6. — prône — Eulogized— yrOner ia Hterally to preach, from prône, sermon.

Line 7 — fasse — Impcrative of faire.

Line 9. — Il est encore tompM — Thrre is still time.

Line 10. — dites — Observe différence of conjugatioii between this verb and most of its compouuds, in second pers. plural, présent indic, and imper.

Line 17.— l'E<re créateur— The Creator.

Line 20. — savourait — Enjoyed— literally, tasted.

Line 22. — RobespIeiTe — Bom in 1759, < ducated as an advocato, ona of the few extrême Rovolutionist.^ who had a seat in the States- General. He soon became the chiof the Parisian démagogues, and at last stood at the head of the most frightful Dictator.ship Europe ever saw. Opinions ar» still divided as to whether he was a mcro blood-thir«ty tyrant, or a mercilesa fanatic. Carlyle thus graphically describes him : " Who of thèse Six Iluudred may bo tbe meanest ? Shall we say that anxious, slight, ineffoctu^llooking nian, under thirty, in spectacles ; his eyes (\ver« the glasvscs olT) troublcd, careful ; with up-tumed («c«, Bnufling dimly tho uncertain future timea ? " « il fUnt le (lire — And we must add.

Line 28. — «^ titre de r^rompense — ^As a reward.

Line 32. — c'est à lui âcc. — It was to him that thoy(the Committoc) jirefcrred to entrust.

Line 84.— enleva à— See Note, p. 19, 1. 23.

Line 85. — ût à son armée &c.— Badohisanny atourbingtarswvlL

Face 86.

Line 8. — vous ne puuTea &c. — You caunot fail to annihiiate. Line 6. — I^"^ Uépubliquo «L'c— This was the formai or officiai désignation of the Bepablio daring the BcTolutioa.

l6a NOTES.

Lin© 7. — Il ne s'abusait &c — He wa8 not deceived, however, as

to, &c.

Line 9. — ©t prêt de— And when on tlie point of setting out — ^Dis-

tinguish prêt à, on the point of , f rom prêt de, disposed to. Line 11. — à faire luire &c. — To bring the truth to light — literaliy

— to cause the truth to shine forth.

Line 12. — ©t à retracer &c. — And to indicate to our descendants.

Neveu has this sensé only in the plural.